青岛大学243英语（外）考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 青岛大学外语学院《243英语（外）》历年考研真题汇总

2. 全国名校二外英语考研真题

考研指导书

1. 李荫华《全新版大学英语综合教程（1）》（第2版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

2. 李荫华《全新版大学英语综合教程（2）》（第2版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

3. 李荫华《全新版大学英语综合教程（3）》（第2版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

4. 李荫华《全新版大学英语综合教程（4）》（第2版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

青岛大学外语学院《243英语（外）》历年考研真题汇总

书籍目录

部分内容

2009年青岛大学外语学院214英语（外）考研真题

Part I Vocabulary and Grammar (30%)

Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each
sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer
that best completes the sentence.

1．Sometimes, very young children have trouble  fact
from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.

A. for
separating

B. to separate

C. having
separated

D. separating

2．The second book was  by
August 1952, but two years later, the end was still nowhere in sight.

A.
completed

B.
to have completed

C.
to complete

D.
to have been completed

3．Whatever the causes, English at the end of the
20th century is more widely spoken and written than any other language .

A.
ever was

B.
had ever been

C.
has ever been

D.
would ever be

4．In this experiment, they
are wakened several times during the night and asked to report what they .

A.
had just been dreaming

B.
have just been dreaming

C.
are just dreaming

D.
had just dreamt

5．It is of the utmost
importance that you  here on time.

A.
be

B.
shall be

C.
are to be

D.
must be

6．He might have been killed
 the arrival of the police.

A.
except for

B.
but for

C.
with

D.
for

7．These figures are not
consistent  the results obtained in
previous experiments.

A.
to

B.
with

C.
for

D.
in

8．The animal has a brain
which is nearest .

A.
in man’s size

B.
in size to man

C.
in size to man’s

D.
to the size in man

9．The problem of  to
select as his successor was quickly disposed of.

A.
what

B.
whom

C.
which

D.
how

10．Britain’s press is unusual  it
is divided into two very different types of newspaper: the quality press and
the popular press.

A.
in how

B.
in what

C.
in which

D.
in that

11．Some companies have
introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure .

A.
than more on efficiency

B.
and more efficiency

C.
and more on efficiency

D.
than efficiency

12．He often sat in a small
bar drinking considerable more than .

A.
he was in good health

B.
his health was good

C.
his good health

D.
was good for his health

13．All the parts of this
washing machine are , so that it is very
convenient to replace them.

A.
normalized

B.
modernized

C.
mechanized

D.
standardized

14．I was  by
their kindness and moved to tears.

A.
preoccupied

B.
embarrassed

C.
overwhelmed

D.
counseled

15．In many cultures people
who were thought to have the ability to  dreams
were likely to be highly respected.

A.
interpret

B.
intervene

C.
inherit

D.
impart

16．The person who  this
type of research deserves our praise.

A.
originated

B.
manufactured

C.
generated

D.
estimated

17．All students in this
university are requested to  with the
regulations.

A.
yield

B.
comply

C.
submit

D.
consent

18．My boss has always
attended to the  of important
business himself.

A.
transaction

B.
stimulation

C.
transition

D.
solution

19．When he applied for a  in
the office of the local newspaper he was told to see the manager.

A.
location

B.
profession

C.
career

D.
position

20．Human behavior is mostly
a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on .

A.
consciousness

B.
impulse

C.
instinct

D.
response

21．There’s a whole  of
bills waiting to be paid.

A.
stock

B.
stack

C.
number

D.
sequence

22．To be an inventor, one
needs profound knowledge as well as a very  imagination.

A.
vivid

B.
bright

C.
living

D.
colorful

23．In Scotland, as in the
rest of the United Kingdom  schooling
begins at age 5 and ends at age 16.

A.
compelling

B.
forced

C.
obliged

D.
compulsory

24．It is a common theme in
many fiction stories that the world may one day be  by
insects.

A.
broken in

B.
run over

C.
taken over

D.
filled in

25．A large part of human
activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is  conditions
or events.

A.
in response to

B.
in favour of

C.
in contrast to

D.
in excess of

26．David likes country life
and had decided to  farming.

A.
get along with

B.
get back on

C.
set hold of

D.
go in for

27．We are  faced
with the necessity recognize that more people implies a lower standard of
living.

A.
readily

B.
smoothly

C.
inevitably

D.
deliberately

28．Some people criticize
family doctors for  too many medicines
for minor illnesses.

A.
prescribing

B.
ordering

C.
advising

D.
delivering

29．Communication is the
process of  a message from a source
to an audience via a channel.

A.
transmitting

B.
submitting

C.
transforming

D.
switching

30．Dogs are often praised
for their ; they almost never abandon
their masters.

A.
faith

B.
loyalty

C.
trust

D.
truthfulness

Part II Cloze(10%)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in
the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and
D. on the right side of the paper. You should choose
the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the
Answer Sheet.

Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat
almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food (1) it is badly cooked. The (2) a meal is cooked and served is most
important and an (3) served meal
will often improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child (4) he likes or dislikes a food and never (5) likes and dislikes in front of him or allow (6) else to do so. If the father says he hates
fat meat or the mother (7) vegetables in
the child’s hearing he is (8) to copy this
procedure. Take it (9) granted that
he likes everything and he probably (10). Nothing healthful
should be omitted from the meal because of a (11) dislike. At meal times it is a good (12) give a child a small portion and let him (13) back for a second helping rather than give
him as (14) as he is likely to eat all at once. De not
talk too much to the child_ (15) meal times,
but let him get on with his food, and do not (16) him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he
will (17) learn to swallow his food (18) he can hurry back to his toys. Under (19) _circumstances must a child be coaxed (20) forced to eat.

1．A. if

B. until

C. that

D. unless

2．A. procedure

B. process

C. way

D. method

3．A. adequately

B. attractively

C. urgently

D. eagerly

4．A. whether

B. what

C. that

D. which

5．A. remark

B. tell

C. discuss

D. argue

6．A. everybody

B. anybody

C. somebody

D. nobody

7．A. opposes

B. denies

C. refuses

D. offends

8．A. willing

B. possible

C. obliged

D. likely

9．A. with

B. as

C. over

D. for

10．A. should

B. may

C. will

D. must

11．A. supposed

B. proved

C. considered

D. related

12．A. point

B. custom

C. idea

D. plan

13．A. ask

B. come

C. return

D. take

14．A. much

B. little

C. few

D. many

15．A. on

B. over

C. by

D. during

16．A. agree

B. allow

C. force

D. persuade

17．A. hurriedly

B. soon

C. fast

D. slowly

18．A. so

B. until

C. lest

D. although

19．A. some

B. any

C. such

D. no

20．A. or

B. nor

C. but

D. neither

Part III Reading Comprehension
(30%)

Directions: There are 4 passages in this
part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For
each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. You should decide on
the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are
based on the following passage

Researchers have
established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in
the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive(认知的) areas such as attention and
memory. This is true regardless of age.

People will be
alert (警觉的) and
receptive (接受能力强的)
if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they
are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less
will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an
active mind.

Many experts are
so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the
theory to work in their own lives. “The idea is not necessarily to learn to
memorize enormous amounts of information,” says James Fozard, associate
director of the National Institute on Aging. “Most of us don’t need that kind
of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to
maintain mental alertness.” Fozard and others say they challenge their brains
with different mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are
sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.

Gene Cohen,
acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age
should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in
groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as
we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are
more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally
happier and better adjusted. “The point is, you need to do both.” Cohen says,”
Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size.”

1．People who are cognitively healthy are
those .

A. who can
remember large amounts of information

B. who are highly
intelligent

C. whose minds
are alert and receptive

D. who are good
at recognizing different sounds

2．According to Fozard’s argument, people
can make their brains work more efficiently by .

A. constantly
doing memory work

B. taking part
in various mental activities

C. going through
specific training

D. making
frequent adjustments

3．The findings of James and other
scientists in their work .

A. remain a
theory to be further proved

B. have been
challenged by many other experts

C. have been
generally accepted

D. are practised
by the researchers themselves

4．Older people are generally advised to .

A. keep fit by
going in for physical activities

B. keep mentally
active by challenging their brains

C. maintain
mental alertness through specific training

D. maintain a
balance between individual and group activities

5．What is the passage mainly about?

A. How
biochemical changes occur in the human brain.

B. Why people
should keep active not only physically but also mentally.

C. How
intellectual activities influence brain-cell health.

D. Why people
should receive special mental training as they age.

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are
based on the following passage

Attention to
detail is something everyone can and should do-especially in a tight job market.
Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications
that come cross his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate
themselves,” he says.

“Resumes(简历) arrive with stains. Some
candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s things at the cost of something
larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,” says
Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San
Francisco, “we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on
fit into the larger picture they don’t, we should drop them and move to
something else.”

Garfield
compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo
II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time,” says Garfield. “But
a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of
our goal. This allowed us to landing was still likely because we knew the exact
coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.”
Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we
undertake.

Too often we
believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky
break(机遇). But
rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little
things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.

6．According to the passage, some job
applicants were rejected .

A. because of
their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a
resume

B. because of
their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume

C. because they
failed to give a detailed description of their background in their applications

D. because they
eliminated their names from the applicants list themselves

7．The word “perfectionists” (Para. 3)
refers to those who .

A. demand others
to get everything absolutely right

B. know how to
adjust their goals according to the circumstances

C. pay too much
attention to details only to lose their major objectives

D. are capable
of achieving perfect results in whatever they do

8．Which of the following is the author’s
advice to the reader?

A. Although too
much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.

B. Don’t forget
details when drawing pictures.

C. Be aware of
the importance of a task before undertaking it.

D. Careless
applicants are not to be trusted.

9．The example of the Apollo II moon launch
is given to illustrate that .

A. minor mistakes
can be ignored in achieving major objectives

B. failure is
the mother of success

C. adjustments
are the key to the successful completion of any work

D. keeping one’s
goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked

10．The best title for this passage would
be .

A. Don’t Be a
Perfectionist

B. Importance of
Adjustments

C. Details and
Major Objectives

D. Hard Work
Plus Good Luck

Passage 3

Questions11 to 15 are
based on the following passage

Britain almost
more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of
building upwards, that is to say of accommodating a considerable proportion of
its population in high blocks of flats. It is said that the Englishman objects
to this type of existence, but if the case is such, he does in fact differ from
the inhabitants of most countries of the world today. In the past our own
blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups and they have
lacked the obvious provisions, such as central heating, constant hot water
supply, electrically operated lifts from top to bottom, and so on, as well as
such details, important notwithstanding (然而), as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage
places for baby carriages on the ground floor, playgrounds for children on the
top of the buildings, and drying grounds for washing. It is likely that the
dispute regarding flats versus (对，对抗) individual houses will continue to rage on for a long time as far
as Britain is concerned. And it is unfortunate that there should be hot
feelings on both sides whenever this subject is raised. Those who oppose the
building of flats base their case primarily on the assumption (设想)that everyone prefers an
individual home and garden and on the high cost per unit of accommodation. The
latter ignores the higher cost of providing full services to a scattered
community and the cost in both money and time of the journeys to work for the
suburban resident.

11．We can infer from the passage that .

A. English
people, like most people in other countries, dislike living in flats

B. people in
most countries of the world today are not opposed to living in flats

C. people in
Britain are forced to move into high blocks of flats

D. modern flats
still fail to provide the necessary facilities for living

12．What is said about the blocks of flats
built in the past in Britain?

A. They were
mostly inhabited by people who did not earn much.

B. They were
usually not large enough to accommodate big families.

C. They were
sold to people before necessary facilities were installed.

D. They
provided playground for children on the top of the buildings.

13．The word “rage” means “  ”.

A. be ignored

B. develop with
great force

C. encourage
people greatly

D. be in
fashion

14．Some people oppose the building of
flats because .

A. the living
expenses for each individual family are higher

B. it involves
higher cost compared with the building of houses

C. they believe
people like to live in houses with gardens

D. the disposal
of rubbish remains a problem for those living in flats

15．The author mentions that people who
live in suburban houses .

A. do not have
access to easy facilities because they live away from the city

B. have to pay
a lot of money to employ people to do service work

C. take longer
time to know each other because they are a scattered community

D. have to
spend more money and time travelling to work every day

Passage 4

Questions 16 to 20 are
based on the following passage

Where do
pesticides (杀虫剂)
fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now
pollute soil, water, and food, that they have the power to make our streams
fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much
he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a
pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?

We know that
even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can
cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden
illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposed to sufficient
quantities of pesticides are very sad and should not occur. For the population
as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing
small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.

Responsible
public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of
chemicals are cumulative (积累的) over long periods of time, and that the danger to the individual
may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For
these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake
off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. “Men are naturally most
impressed by diseases which have obvious signs,” says a wise physician, Dr.
Rene Dubos, “yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed.”

16．Which of the following is closest in
meaning to the sentence “Man,…is part of nature.”?

A. Man appears
indifferent to what happens in nature.

B. Man acts as
if he does not belong to nature.

C. Man can
avoid the effects of environmental pollution.

D. Man can
escape his responsibilities for environmental protection.

17．What is the author’s attitude towards
the environmental effects of pesticides?

A. Pessimistic.

B. Indifferent

C. Defensive

D. Concerned

18．In the author’s view, the sudden death
caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides .

A. is not the
worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticides

B. now occurs
most frequently among all accidental deaths

C. has sharply
increased so as to become the center of public attention

D. is
unavoidable because people can’t do without pesticides in farming

19．People tend to ignore the delayed
effects of exposure to chemicals because
.

A. limited
exposure to them does little harm to people’s health

B. the present
is more important for them than the future

C. the danger
does not become apparent immediately

D. humans are
capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning

20．It can be concluded from Dr. Dubos’
remarks that .

A. people find
invisible diseases difficult to deal with

B. attacks by
hidden enemies tend to be fatal

C. diseases
with obvious signs are easy to cure

D. people tend
to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides

Part IV Translation (10%)

Directions: Translate the following part in into Chinese.

His interest in
her had begun thirteen months before in the Library of University of Florida
when he was doing his graduation project at college. Taking a book off the
shelf he found himself intrigued, not with the words of the book, but with the
notes penciled in the margin. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul
and insightful mind. In the front of the book, he discovered the previous owner’s
name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With time and effort he located her address. She
lived in New York City. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting
her to correspond. But before he received a reply from her, he was shipped
overseas for service in the Gulf War in Iraq.

During the next
year and one month the two grew to know each other through the mail. Each
letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding. Blanchard
requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it
would not matter what she looked like. When the day finally came for him to
return from Iraq, they scheduled their first meeting 7:00 PM at Grand Central
Station in New York. “You’ll recognize me,” she wrote, “by the red rose I’ll be
wearing on my lapel.” So at 7:00 in the station Mr. Blanchard was looking for a
girl whose heart he loved, but whose face he’d never seen.

Part V Writing（20%）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed
thirty minutes to write a composition on the following topic. You should write at
least 300 words.

How to
Face the Difficulty in Job-hunting

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