苏州大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 苏州大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题

2. 2026年翻译硕士《211翻译硕士英语》考研真题与模拟题

考研指导书

1. 2026年翻译硕士《211翻译硕士英语》专用教材

2. 2026年翻译硕士《211翻译硕士英语》考研题库

苏州大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解

书籍目录

部分内容

2010年苏州大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

I. Vocabulary and
Structure (30%)

Directions: Each of the following sentences has an underlined word or phrase.
Below each sentence are four other words or phrases marked A), B), C) and D).
You are to choose the ONE word or phrase which, if substituted for the
underlined word or phrase, would keep the meaning of the original sentence.

1 This is an abstract of a sermon.

A. an agent

B. an accommodation

C. an
abbreviation

D. a summary

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这是布道的概要。accommodation住处，膳宿。abbreviation缩写；缩写词。

2 The Statue of Liberty was a gift to the United States from the
people of France to memorialize the alliance between the two countries.

A. negotiation

B. anniversary

C. treaty

D. association

【答案】D

【解析】句意：自由女神像是法国人民送给美国的礼物，以纪念两国之间的联盟。alliance联盟，联合。D项association与其意思相同。

3 Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the
Americas were no longer open to European colonization.

A. emphatically
stated

B. assured

C. accentuated

D. entreated

【答案】A

【解析】句意：门罗主义制定于1823年，宣称美洲不再对欧洲殖民开放。assert“（坚决）主张”，其英文释义为“to state firmly that something is true”，因此A项“emphatically stated”与其意思相同。assure保证；担保。accentuate强调；重读。entreat恳求。

4 The bleaching
of laundry by sunlight is at least partly a photochemical process.

A. bleeding

B. blessing

C. whitening

D. scrubbing

【答案】C

【解析】句意：日光下衣物的漂白至少部分是光化过程。bleaching漂白。scrubbing洗涤。

5 Diplomatic misunderstandings can often
be traced back to blunders in translation.

A. mistakes

B. attempts

C. insults

D. arguments

【答案】A

【解析】句意：外交上的误解经常可以追溯到翻译中的错误。blunder大错。

6 Over ninety percent of all household burglaries
occur while the owners are out.

A. thefts

B. bumps

C. clashes

D. explosions

【答案】A

【解析】句意：超过90%的家庭盗窃案发生在业主外出期间。burglary盗窃。theft盗窃。bump肿块，隆起物。clash冲突，不协调。

7 Since fingernails can be easily clipped, they are a
convenient resource for those who wish to measure levels of trace elements in
the body.

A. cloaked

B. clasped

C. trimmed

D. clapped

【答案】C

【解析】句意：由于指甲很容易修剪，对于那些想要测量身体微量元素水平的人来说，它们可以轻易获得。clip剪；剪掉。trim修剪。cloak遮掩。clasp紧抱；扣紧。clap鼓掌。

8 Prof. Baker came up with an idea
in his lecture yesterday.

A. abolished

B. took
advantage of

C. appreciated

D. proposed

【答案】D

【解析】句意：贝克教授昨天在演讲中提出了一个想法。come up with提出；想出。propose提出，提议。abolish废除。appreciate欣赏；感激。

9 Salt has been a respected commodity
for much of recorded time.

A. flavoring

B. preservative

C. remedy for
illness

D. article of
trade

【答案】D

【解析】句意：盐在大部分时间一直是受人尊敬的商品。commodity商品，货物。“article of trade”也是“商品”的意思。flavoring调味品。preservative防腐剂。remedy for illness疾病的治疗。

10 After 1850, various states in the
United States began to pass compulsory school attendance
laws.

A. harsh

B. diversified

C. mandatory

D. complicated

【答案】C

【解析】句意：1850年以后，美国各州开始通过义务教育法。compulsory强制的；义务的。mandatory强制的。harsh严厉的。diversified多样化的。

11 Some birds consistently return
to the same nesting area each spring.

A. occasionally

B. purposely

C. regularly

D. surprisingly

【答案】C

【解析】句意：一些鸟类每年春天都会回到相同的巢区。consistently一贯地；一致地。regularly定期地；有规律地。occasionally偶尔；间或。

12 Mary McCarthy’s satires are couched
in a prose style that has a classic precision.

A. fused

B. prefaced

C. standardized

D. expressed

【答案】D

【解析】句意：玛丽·麦卡锡的讽刺诗以一种具有经典精确性的散文风格表达出来。be couched in以（特定方式）表达，用……措辞。fuse融合。preface作序。

13 Andre Watts
gave a dazzling interpretation of Beethoven’s Emperor Concerto.

A. a daring

B. a crystal

C. a crooked

D. a brilliant

【答案】D

【解析】句意：安德烈·沃茨对贝多芬的《皇帝协奏曲》作出了精彩的诠释。dazzling在这里是“amazingly impressive”的意思，与brilliant意思相同。crooked弯曲的；歪的。

14 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the
degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.

A. decently

B. noticeably

C.
intentionally

D. creatively

【答案】C

【解析】句意：人类的面部表情与动物的面部表情不同，它们可以被有意识地控制和修改。deliberately故意地。intentionally故意地，有意地。decently合适地；高雅地。noticeably显著地。

15 Astronauts are subjected to the most rigorous training that has
ever been devised for human beings.

A. destined

B. created

C. diagnosed

D. afforded

【答案】B

【解析】句意：宇航员们接受了人类有史以来最严格的训练。devise设计；想出。destine注定。diagnose诊断。

16 The Moon, the Sun, and the visible planets were considered by
earliest observers to be divine objects.

A. orbital

B. sacred

C. fanciful

D. magnified

【答案】B

【解析】句意：月亮、太阳和可见的行星被最早的观察者认为是神圣的物体。divine神圣的。sacred神的；神圣的。orbital轨道的。magnified放大的。

17 A long journey in cold weather is dreadfully
tiring.

A. unfortunately

B. terribly

C. alternately

D. desperately

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在寒冷的天气里长途旅行非常累人。dreadfully可怕地；极其。alternately交替地；轮流地。desperately拼命地；绝望地。

18 The Abstract Expressionist movement emerged
in New York City in the 1940’ s.

A. merged

B. came into
prominence

C. meager

D. was labeled

【答案】B

【解析】句意：抽象表现主义运动出现于20世纪40年代的纽约。come into prominence意思是“出名；成为显要”，与emerge的意思最为接近。merge合并；融合。meager贫乏的。

19 In terms of precipitation, ten inches
of snow is the equivalent of an inch of rain.

A. the symbol
of

B. the same as

C. the equality

D. the disguise
of

【答案】B

【解析】句意：就降水而言，10英寸的雪相当于一英寸的雨。the equivalent of相当于。

20 A vein is a deposit of mineral matter
that has filled a fault or seam in a rock.

A. a cave

B. an indentation

C. a crack

D. a hole

【答案】C

【解析】句意：矿脉是矿物的沉积填满了岩石中的断层或缝隙。fault断层。crack裂缝。cave洞穴。indentation压痕，刻痕。

21 The use of formaldehyde foam in insulation was recently
banned by the Consumer Product Safety Commission.

A. form

B. formula

C. forum

D. a mass of
white bubbles

【答案】D

【解析】句意：最近，消费者产品安全委员会禁止使用甲醛泡沫。foam泡沫，即D项“a mass of white bubbles”。

22 Farmers in eastern Maryland and on Long
Island specialize in raising fowl.

A. sardines

B. salmon

C. poultry

D. shrimps

【答案】C

【解析】句意：马里兰州东部和长岛的农民专门饲养家禽。fowl家禽。poultry家禽。sardine沙丁鱼。salmon鲑鱼。

23 Philip Roth was hailed as a
major new author in 1960.

A. growled

B. frowned at

C. acclaimed

D. exclaimed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：菲利普·罗斯在1960年被誉为重要的新作家。hail致敬。acclaim称赞。growl咆哮。frown at对……感到生气不满；对……皱眉。exclaim呼喊，惊叫。

24 Grouping stars by constellations is a handy
way of mapping the sky.

A. grand

B. gorgeous

C. fake

D. convenient

【答案】D

【解析】句意：按星座将星星分组是绘制星空图的一种简便方法。handy便利的。

25 Like most migratory birds, warblers head
south in the fall.

A. jog

B. gallop

C. crawl

D. fly

【答案】D

【解析】句意：和大多数候鸟一样，莺会在秋天向南迁徙。head的意思是“前进；出发”，对于鸟来说就是“fly”。jog慢跑。gallop飞驰；急速进行。crawl爬行。

26 I don’t think it is impartial
for the professor to flunk my Chemistry test.

A. unbiased

B. compatible

C. imperial

D. effusive

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我认为教授让我的化学测验不及格是不公平的。impartial公平的，公正的。unbiased公正的；无偏见的。compatible兼容的；能共处的。effusive流出的；感情横溢的。

27 The microscope enables scientists to
distinguish an incredible number and variety of bacteria.

A. an extra

B. an
unbelievable

C. a verifiable

D. an
unavoidable

【答案】B

【解析】句意：显微镜使科学家能够辨别出数量惊人、种类繁多的细菌。incredible难以置信的，惊人的。

28 In the Navajo household, grandparents and other relatives play indispensable
roles in raising children.

A. dominant

B. exemplary

C. essential

D. demanding

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在纳瓦霍家庭中，祖父母和其他亲戚在抚养子女方面发挥不可或缺的作用。indispensable不可缺少的。dominant显性的；占优势的。exemplary典范的；可仿效的。demanding苛求的；要求高的。

29 The term “New Deal” applies to the program of reform and
recovery initiated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

A. inferred

B. inherited

C. originated

D. injected

【答案】C

【解析】句意：“新政”一词适用于富兰克林·罗斯福总统发起的改革和复苏计划。initiate开始；发起。originate创造；发起。

30 Rockefeller Center has leased
part of its land from Columbia University.

A. exploited

B. imported

C. grasped

D. rented

【答案】D

【解析】句意：洛克菲勒中心从哥伦比亚大学租了部分土地。leased租得。

II. Reading
Comprehension

Part One: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages and then decide on the best choice.
(30%)

Passage One

Although humans may have entered the New World between 20,000 and
40,000 years ago, the first solid evidence for
their presence in the Midwest comes from the Paleo-Indian period, which dates
10,000 to 8000 B.C. By this time, humans had spread throughout both continents
of the Western Hemisphere and had developed distinctive tool kits for
exploiting the environment Archaeological data suggest that subsistence
activities centered around hunting large late-Pleistocene mammals, such as
extinct forms of bison, mammoth, and mastodon. This exploitative pattern is
frequently referred to as the big-game hunting tradition. It is probable that
small game animals and plant resources also played an important, if not
dominant, part in the subsistence activities during this period, but there is
currently little archaeological evidence to substantiate this proposition.
Social groups probably consisted of small bands that wandered over large areas
in pursuit of game and other scattered resources.

The tradition from Paleo-Indian to Archaic
occurred gradually throughout the eastern woodlands
and is generally correlated with the retreat of the glaciers as well as with
the concomitant change in the kinds and distributions of plant and animal
resources. Dates assigned to the Archaic period range between approximately
8000 B.C. and 1000 B.C. This long period can be further subdivided into three
parts: the Early Archaic (8000 to 5000 B.C.), Middle Archaic (5000 to 2000 B.C.),
and Late Archaic (2000 to 1000 B.C.).

Archaic
substance activities focused on gathering from localized areas a wide range of
wild resources, such as large and small mammals, birds, fish, nuts, and seeds.
Through time, Archaic populations developed from small, scattered groups
scavenging resources over a wide area to larger groups forming greater regional
populations that occupied more limited territories. Groups apparently moved
from place to place to collect a variety of localized resources in a seasonal
round. The archaic period marks the beginning of the development of regional
cultural traditions that persist into later times throughout the eastern
woodlands.

During the Early
Archaic, sites tend to be small and scattered, much like those of the
Paleo-Indian period. Sites occur primarily in upland situations, but Early Archaic
remains have also been found in rock shelters and along high river terraces.
Sites located in upland contexts are frequently concentrated near secondary
stream valleys along major rivers. The variety of site locations evidently
reflects seasonal shifts of settlements during the Early Archaic. However, in
some areas, such as the lower Mississippi Valley, where Early Archaic sites are
located in bottomland situations, variation in settlement type may be more a
reflection of functional differences than of seasonal shifts.

During the
Middle Archaic, subsistence emphasis shifts toward more intensive utilization
of localized resources, with a stress on exploiting forests and riverine
contexts. Data from the lower Illinois River valley suggest that a broad spectrum
of fauna was being taken, along with a limited number of highly productive
floral resources, such as hickory nuts. The appearance of the grinding stone in
the tool inventory indicates that nuts and seeds had become an important part
of the subsistence base. The beginning of the manufacture of working was also
an important activity. Base camps with permanent habitation structures appear
as part of the settlement system and are apparently occupied for most, if not
all, of a year. The earliest burials in Illinois also occur during this period.

1 The passage supplies information for
answering which of the following questions?

A. By what
period did the grinding stone tools become feasible in the New World?

B. How rapidly
did the population of the New World grow during the Archaic period?

C. What types of
dwellings were constructed during the Middle Archaic period?

D. Why were
Archaic settlements frequently located near rivers?

2 It can be inferred from the passage that
the first humans to enter the New World.

A. lived a
largely nomadic existence

B. subsisted
mainly on a diet of meat

C. have left no
clear-cut traces of their existence

D. were probably
wiped out by the advance of the glaciers

3 According to the passage, subsistence activities in the Archaic period differed from
those in the Paleo-Indian period in that they.

A. consisted
mainly of activities that followed cultural patterns peculiar to particular
areas

B. were
predicted less directly upon the availability of a supply of game animals

C. involved
larger groups of humans working together cooperatively

D. involved
more regular and more localized patterns of group travel

4 According to the passage, evidence from the lower Illinois River
Valley suggests that during the Middle Archaic period.

A. the amount
of seasonal migration engaged in humans probably declined

B. the
cultivation of plants for foods became increasingly important

C. woodworking
was a major occupation

D. the idea of
an afterlife appeared

5 The passage is most concerned with describing.

A. the life of
the earliest humans to inhabit the new world

B. how humans of
the Archaic period lived and supported themselves

C. archaeological
evidence about the life of early humans in the American Midwest

D. the gradual
development of tools, farming, and settlements during the Archaic period

【答案与解析】

1 A  由最后一段可知，磨石出现在“Middle Archaic”，因此A项问题在文中得到了解答。

2 A  由第一段可知，考古数据显示当时人类从事大型动物的狩猎活动，但是小型动物和植物在这一时期也可能发挥着重要作用，由此可见当时人们过着游牧生活。

3 A  由第三段可知，在Archaic时期，生存活动主要“focused on gathering from localized areas a wide range of wild
resources”，而且标志着“the
development of regional cultural traditions”的开始。

4 A  根据最后一段，伊利诺斯下游的证据表明，“Base camps with permanent habitation structures appear as part of
the settlement system and are apparently occupied for most, if not all, of a
year.”，也就是说人们的生存活动趋于固定于一个领域。

5 C  文章第一段便说到美国中西部最早的人类足迹出现于什么时候，并在下文对那个时期人类的活动及特征进行了介绍。

Passage Two

A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants
to predict the way in which consumers will spend
their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on the
resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage
money spending.

If an economist
were asked which of three groups borrow most—people with rising incomes, stable
incomes, or declining incomes—he would probably answer: those with declining
incomes. Actually, in the years 1947—1950, the answer was: people with rising
incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes
borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning
and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if
people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they
expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have
shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not
stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic
in an interview at a time of rising prices. “In a few months,” she said, “we’ll
have to pay more for meat and milk; we’ll have less to spend on other things.”
Her family had been planning to buy a new car. But they postponed this
purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be
resented and buyer’s resistance may be evoked. This is shown by the following
typical comment, “I just don’t pay these prices; they are too high.”

Traditional
assumptions should be investigated carefully, and factors of time and place
should be considered. The investigations mentioned above were carried out in
America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however,
yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about
saving and spending patterns. The condition most conducive to spending appears
to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people have become
accustomed to consider them “right” and expect them to remain stable, they are
likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices with
occasional sales or discounts is based on a correct understanding of
consumer psychology.

6 The example of the mechanic’s wife is
intended to show that in times of rising prices.

A. people with
declining income tend to buy less

B. people with
stable income tend to borrow less

C. People with
increasing income tend to buy more

D. People with
money also tend to buy less

7 Findings in investigations in Britain
indicate.

A. certain
factors should be taken into account

B. people in
Britain behave in the same way as those in America

C. price
stability results from a correct understanding of consumer psychology

D. occasional
discounts and sales are necessary

8 According to the passage people tend to
buy more when.

A. prices are
expected to go up

B. prices are
expected to go down

C. prices don’t
change

D. the business
policy doesn’t change

9 Which of the following statements is
incorrect?

A. To study consumer behavior , one must obtain data both on the
resources of consumers and on the motives that affect money spending.

B. People with
declining incomes borrow most.

C. British
consumers were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and
spending patterns.

D. In Britain,
the practice of keeping stable price with occasional sales or discounts is
reasonable.

10 The best title of the passage is.

A. consumer’s
Purchasing Power

B. relationship
between Income and Purchasing Power

C. traditional
Assumptions

D. studies in
Consumer Behaviour

【答案与解析】

6 D  由题干the mechanic’s wife定位到第二段倒数第三、四句话，意思是机修工的妻子说，价格可能上涨时，我们必须花更多的钱来购买肉和牛奶，因而用于购买其他东西的钱就相应少了。她家原计划要买的新车也推迟购买。作者用此例来说明价格可能上涨时，人们即使有钱也不会去大量采购。

7 C  文章最后一句说到“the common business policy of maintaining stable prices…is based
on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.”，因此C项正确。

8 D  根据最后一段可知，价格稳定能够促进消费者消费，但并不是价格不变，这应该是一种“common business policy of maintaining stable prices with occasional
sales or discounts”，即保持价格稳定并不时进行促销或打折的商业策略，因此D项正确。

9 B  由第二段前两句可知，“people with rising
incomes”借钱最多，所以B项表述错误。

10 D  本文主要研究了英国和美国消费者在不同条件下的消费行为，因此D项正确。

Passage Three

Changes in the volume of unemployment are
governed by three fundamental forces: the growth of
the labor force, the increase in output per man-hour, and the growth of total
demand for goods and services. Changes in the average hours of work enter in
exactly parallel fashion but have been quantitatively less significant. As
productivity rises, less labor is required per dollar of national product, or
more goods and services can be produced with the same number of man-hours. If
output does not grow, employment will certainly fall: if production increases
more rapidly than productivity (less any decline in average hours worked),
employment must rise. But the labor force grows too. Unless gross national
product (total final expenditure for goods and services corrected for price
changes) rises more rapidly than the sum of productivity increase and
labor-force growth (again modified for any change in hours of work), the
increase in employment will be inadequate to absorb the growth in the labor
force. Inevitably the unemployment rate will increase. Only when total
productivity expands faster than the rate of labor force growth plus the rate
of productivity increase and minus the rate at which average annual hours fall
does the unemployment rate fall. Increases in productivity were more important
than growth of the labor force as sources of the wide gains in output
experienced in the period from the end of the war to the mid-sixties. These
increases in potential production simply were not matched by increases in
demand adequate to maintain steady full employment.

Except for the
recession years of 1949, 1954, and 1958, the rate of economic growth exceeded
the rate of productivity increase. However, in the late 1950 s productivity and
labor force were increasing more rapidly than usual, while the growth of output
was slower than usual. This accounted for the change in employment rates.

But if part of
the national purpose is to reduce and contain unemployment, arithmetic is not
enough. We must know which of the basic factors we can control and which we
wish to control. Unemployment would have risen more slowly or fallen more
rapidly if productivity had increased more slowly, or the labor force had
increased more slowly, or the hours of work had fallen more steeply, or total
output had grown more rapidly. These are not independent factors however, and a
change in any of them might have caused changes in the others.

A society can
choose to reduce the growth of productivity, and it can probably find ways to
frustrate its own creativity. However, while a reduction in the growth of
productivity at the expense of potential output might result in higher
employment in the short run, the long-run effect on the national interest would
be disastrous.

We must also
give consideration to the fact that hidden beneath national averages is
continuous movement into, out of, between, and within labor markets. For
example, 15 years ago, the average number of persons in the labor force was 74
million, with about 70 million employed and 3.9 million unemployed. Yet 14
million experienced some term of unemployment in that year. Some were new
entrants to the labor force, others were laid off temporarily. The remainder
were those who were permanently of indefinitely severed from their jobs. Thus,
the average number of unemployed during a year understates the actual volume of
involuntary displacement that actually occurs.

High
unemployment is not an inevitable result of the pace of technological change,
but the consequence of passive public policy. We can anticipate a moderate
increase in the labor force accompanied by a slow and irregular decline in
hours of work. It follows that the output of the economy—and the aggregate
demand to buy it—must grow in excess of 4 percent a year just to prevent the
unemployment rate from rising, and even greater if the unemployment rate is to
fall further. Yet our economy has seldom, if ever, grown at a rate faster than
3.5 percent for any extended length of time.

We have no cause
for complacency. Positive fiscal, monetary, and manpower policies will be
needed in the future.

11 The author’s purpose in this passage is
to.

A. criticize the
decisions of past administrations during recession years

B. allay current
fears about increasing unemployment

C. document the
rise of American productivity since the war

D. call for the
application of positive economic control polices in the years that lie ahead

12 The statement that is supported by the
passage is.

A. as
productivity rises, a greater amount of labor per dollar of national product
can be expected

B. unemployment falls when production expands faster than labor
force growth plus productivity increase, minus the fall of average annual hours
worked

C. reduction in
the growth of productivity and a cutback in potential output are in the
national interest

D. technological
growth must, in the long run, increase unemployment

13 It can be inferred from the passage
that the author would.

A. advocate a carefully managed economy

B. prefer the
unemployment rate to rise and fall with the value of the gross national product
as a check on labor costs

C. perceive
high unemployment as undesirable but unavoidable

D. contend that
manipulation of the size of the labor force would have prevented recessions in
the years noted

14 According to the passage, national employment averages.

A. do not reveal
the actual volume of unemployment due to layoffs and discharges during a year

B. have shown a
steady increase in the cost of production over the last twenty years

C. are the best indices
for monitoring the actual effect of increased productivity on economic growth

D. reveal that the recession years
were really years of increased productivity and decreased employment

15 For which of the following questions does the author give enough
information to provide an answer?

A. How can the
rate of growth of the new entrants into the labor market be controlled?

B. Why has the
rate of growth of the economy remained under 3.5 percent over the long run?

C. To what
extent did the postwar economy reflect the impact of prewar economic policy?

D. At what rate must the economy grow in order to avoid a rise in
the unemployment rate, if there is a moderate growth in the labor force and a
decline in hours of work?

【答案与解析】

11 D  本文主要讨论了经济发展与失业之间的关系，由最后一句“Positive fiscal, monetary, and manpower policies will be needed in
the future.”可知，作者的目的是呼吁实行积极的经济控制政策。

12 B  由第一段可知，“Only when total productivity expands faster than the rate of labor
force growth plus the rate of productivity increase and minus the rate at which
average annual hours fall does the unemployment rate fall.”，即B项所说内容。

13 A  第三段中作者说到“We must know which of the basic factors we can control and which we
wish to control.”，最后一段又说到“Positive fiscal, monetary, and manpower policies will be needed in
the future.”，由此可见说明作者并不喜欢高失业率，并且认为高失业率是可以控制的。

14 A  根据“national employment averages”可定位到倒数第三段。这一段中作者最后说道“the average number of unemployed during a year understates the
actual volume of involuntary displacement that actually occurs.”，因此A项正确。

15 D  由倒数第二段可知，如果劳动力适度增长，劳动时间减少，经济的年增长率必须超过4%才能防止失业率升高，因此D项问题在文中得到了解答。

Part Two: Read the following passage carefully and give a short answer to the
each of the questions. (10%)

My suicide
attempt when I was a senior in high school must have puzzled those around me. From
the outside, it seemed that I had a lot going for me. I lived in a comfortable
middle class home with swimming pool. I was active in sports, a member of the
National Honor Society, an editor of the school newspaper. But I was also
miserable.

I was convinced
that no one understood me, especially my parents. I didn’t see much of my
father, who was busy with his work. My mother had died when I was very young,
and my stepmother and I didn’t get along. Our personalities clashed, and I felt
she didn’t like me. I remember her once telling me, “I didn’t have to take you,
you know.”

Socially
awkward, I tried to make amends through sports. I remember eagerly waiting for
my father to come home from work so I could tell him that I had made the
field-hockey team. He just said, “I bet everybody made it.” I interpreted his
remark as another message that I was worthless.

When I was 15,
my parents began to talk about divorce, and I was sure I was the cause. I knew
that ray father felt caught between my mother and me. He’d yell at me to “shape
up,” then I’d hear him in the next room, asking Mother, “Can’t you give the kid
a break?” though I thought of running away from home, I was stopped by the
horror stories I’d heard of runaway girls, falling prey to drugs and prostitution.
But I did wonder if the world would be better off without me.

Communication
had always been a problem at home. And I was afraid to open up to friends. I
felt that if people knew my problems and fears, they’d think less of me. So I
nursed my hurts and anxieties into a towering self-hatred.

In my junior
year, I wrote a paper on Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar, an autobiographical novel
about despair, which foreshadowed the author’s eventual suicide. Suddenly,
suicide seemed a realistic option. My English teacher commented on my report:
“You really understand that book!” I thought, you bet I do! I became a closet
expert on suicide, looking into serious literature on the topic. Although I
wasn’t a drinker and never used drugs, I concluded that a mixture of alcohol
and tranquilizers, both available at home, would be my ticket out.

Once the school
social worker asked me to list all my good qualities, and I came up with only
two: blue eyes and good grades. I felt there wasn’t anything good about me.

By my senior year
I was convinced that I was an outcast, unlovable. Thoughts of suicide were
ever-present. Though I had done very well on my college-board exams, I saw no
reason to go on to college. Sooner or later, I was going to kill myself, so why
bother? I applied to college “just in case,” though the idea of going terrified
me. I was sure college would be worse than high school. But I couldn’t take the
constant fighting at home. I didn’t see any way out.

In February
1981, I chose my date with death. Once I’d picked the time, I felt relieved.
I’m sure I seemed more cheerful to those around me as I began to plan. At about
2 a.m. on my “death date,” I sneaked out of the house and wandered back
streets, downing my tranquilizers and rum. I had trouble swallowing all the pills—a handful at a time, then a
swig of rum. The last thing I recall is heading for the reservoir, where I knew
I wouldn’t be found for a while. I didn’t make it. I passed out on the
sidewalk. A man walking his dog found me and called an ambulance.

I woke up in the
intensive-care unit with tubes up my nose and needles in my arms. I was sent
home with orders to visit a psychologist twice a week. But I resisted her
attempts to help me. I was angry I was alive.

I hoped that my
parents would want to discuss the suicide attempt, and finally one night at
dinner the subject came up. “Why did you do such a stupid thing?” my mother
asked. My father replied quickly, “I’m sure she had her reasons.” End of
discussion. Except for the ever-patient psychologist and social worker, even in
school the subject was not mentioned. I think that upset me as much as failing
with the suicide did. It seemed as if nobody had enough interest in me to want
to know why I’d done it.

Suicide was
still on my mind when I attended an orientation session at a prestigious
college where I had been accepted. That weekend gave me a glimmer of hope.
People there seemed to like me. College could be a chance for a fresh start

In college I
began to make some friends, and decided to hand in “a little longer.” I also
began to appreciate how my high-school social worker had reached me in ways I
hadn’t realized at the time.

In class, I
opened up a little more and my confidence improved. I moved into a girl club
house. People actually wanted me in their group. By my junior year, I was a
field-hockey star.

At the club I
made friends with a girl I’ll call Beth. We shared a dark secret, for she, too,
had attempted suicide. Now and then we’d discuss suicide—always in objective,
intellectual terms. Then, one winter night in my senior year, a club sister
burst into my room, crying: “Beth’s not breathing!” Beth had asked her to call
an ambulance, then collapsed on the floor.

Rage swept over
me, I saw what her death put her friends through. There was a grief and guilt as
we asked ourselves how we could have prevented her suicide.

I slowly began
to realize that taking my own life was no longer an option. I could see what a
total waste suicide was. Beth would have made a solid contribution to society.

I decided to do
something positive with my life. I graduated in 1985. In March 1986 I answered
an ad asking volunteers for The Samaritans suicide-prevention hot lines, hoping
I could prevent others from making the desperate decision I’d made.

I can understand
how I got to the state I was in that night several years ago. I just wish I’d
known then that it didn’t—and it doesn’t—have to be that way. That’s what I try to tell them when the hot
line rings.

Question 1: What is the
author’s purpose in writing this article?

Question 2: What are the
causes that contribute to the author’s suicide?

【答案与解析】

1 To prevent others from committing suicide.

（由文章可知，作者很后悔她曾经自杀的行为，倒数第二段说到“hoping I could prevent others from making the desperate
decision I’d made”，这也正是作者写这篇文章的目的。）

2 The influence of literature on the topic, a low sense of
self-worth and the family problems.

（第四段中作者父母的争吵使她思考“if the world would be
better off without me.”。由第六段可知The Bell Jar这本书使作者意识到“suicide seemed a realistic
option”。第七段说到，当被要求列出自己所有的优点时，作者只列出了两个，她觉得自己没有什么好的地方，也就是她的自我价值感很低。）

III. Writing (30 %)

Directions: Read the following extracts from current media coverage, and
write an article of about 400 words on the topic “Heritage of the Two Great
Masters”.

On July 11,
2009, renowned Chinese scholar Ji Xianlin died of illness at the age of 98 in
Beijing. Ji was best remembered
for his achievements in research on ancient Indian aboriginal languages,
primeval Buddhist languages and Sanskritic literature. He also translated works
from ancient Indian and primeval Buddhist languages.

China’s keystone space scientist Qian Xuesen, widely acclaimed as
the country’s “Father of Space Technology” and
“King of Rocketry”, died in Beijing Oct 31 at the age of 98.

Many people regard their deaths as “the
ending of an era” and “superstars fallen”, and call themselves “lonely children
in an era of no masters”.

Heritage of the Two Great
Masters

【参考范文】

Heritage of the Two Great Masters

Two masters of
China, Ji Xianlin and Qian Xuesen, passed away in 2009, which is a great loss
for us. The two scholars are both proficient in their areas and made prominent
contributions to the development of China. They left large amount of heritage
which inspires us. Throughout their life experience and achievements, we can
find many valuable things to learn.

The first
heritage is a lifelong effort to study hard and study extensively. The two
masters both studied hard and succeeded in entering top universities of China.
Their success is never attributed to good luck or talent.
You do not come across success just by hoping for it.
To achieve true success, you need the strength of mind and body to struggle and
work hard to reach your fullest potential. You need the right attitude,
self-discipline and the ability to put your goal before your own needs, if you
are really driven towards reaching success. Qian is versed in various science
subjects, including applied mechanics, space and rocket, engineering control, systems
engineering and so on, while Ji is a master of twelve languages. We are
supposed to not only focus on our major, but to keep exploring fields we are
interested in.

In addition, the
second heritage is patriotism. The two masters both studied abroad and came
back to China after finishing their studies. Especially Qian, he was trapped in
the United States for years, but he overcame difficulties and finally came
back, though at that time, most of talents chose to stay there. They acquired
advanced knowledge abroad but was determined to make contributions to their
homeland. They filled gaps in their fields and laid solid foundations for the
development. The overflowing emotion of patriotism is more evident during the
war times or at times of crisis. At peace, the people are expected to keep hold
of the same feeling of concern and loyalty towards their country and fellowmen.
A patriot is concerned with the nation’s advancement in general, which means
that he is able to identify the things that hinder a nation’s growth and
development, in addition to the willingness and exerting selfless effort to make
a change.

The two great
masters inspires us to study hard and extensively. It’s never too late to
study. And the most important heritage is patriotism, which helps in
maintaining peace within the country as well as fighting the various issues
that threatens it.

【解析】

本题给出了季羡林先生与钱学森先生的材料，要求以“Heritage of the Two Great Masters”为题写一篇文章。这两名大师的共同点在于，一是都学识丰富，“博”而“专”，在各自的领域都有很高的造诣；二是两人都曾赴国外深造，并都回到中国为祖国贡献自己的力量。

本文主要的切入点就在于二人的共同点，因此提出二位大师留给我们的遗产一是努力学习，知识面要广，二是爱国主义。第一段提出我们可以从两位大师身上学到很多，第二段和第三段分别对两个遗产进行了阐述，最后一段进行了总结。

更多内容，请点击获取：
http://shuyue.100xuexi.com/Ebook/974094.html