燕山大学语言学与英美文学考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 燕山大学外国语学院《语言学与英美文学》历年考研真题汇总

2. 全国名校英语语言学考研真题

考研指导书

1. 吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题

2. 吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》（重排版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】

3. 吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》（重排版）笔记和考研真题

4. 吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》（重排版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】

5. George Yule《语言研究》（第4版）配套题库【课后练习＋章节题库（含名校考研真题）＋模拟试题】

6. 胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）笔记和考研真题

7. 胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】

燕山大学外国语学院《语言学与英美文学》历年考研真题汇总

书籍目录

部分内容

2007年燕山大学外国语学院808语言学与英美文学考研真题

科目名称：语言学与英美文学

请将试题做在答题纸上，在题签上做题无效。

Test of English and American Literature

Information for the
Candidates:

1．Please transfer all your answers to the Answer
Sheet.

2．The total marks for this examination are 75 points. Time allowed
for completing this examination is 90 minutes.

3．This examination consists of Three parts.
These are:

Part I. Fundamental
knowledge of English and American literature (25 points)

Part II. Defining
literary terms (15 points)

Part III.
Identifying and interpreting literary works (35 points)

Part I. Fundamental
knowledge of English and American literature

Directions: You are
going to read some fundamental knowledge of English and American literature.
Please fill in each blank with one word or one phrase. (25 points, 1point each)

1．The Song of Beowulf reflects events which took place on
the _____ at the beginning of 6^th century. It is the unknown _____ that
passed it down to later generations.

2．Chaucer was the first writer to use English in a major literary
work The Canterbury Tales was written in _____, which was based on
London dialect. Before Chaucer literature was composed in _____ or _____.

3．The greatest of the pioneers of English drama was _____, who made
_____ the principle vehicle of expression in drama. While Bernard Shaw helped
to raise _____ to the status of literature.

4．In the 17^th century in England, two men wrote the two
works that stand today for the mighty _____. One was Milton who wrote
Paradise Lost, the _____; the other was Bunyan who wrote The Pilgrimages
Progress, the _____.

5．It is simply for convenience that we study the 18^th century
English literature in three main divisions: the region of _____, the revival of
_____, and the beginning of _____.

6．The first half of the 19^th century England recorded
the triumph of _____. While in the forties and fifties _____ flourished.

7．_____ has been called the “Father of American Poetry”. As a poet,
he heralded American _____.

8．Cooper’s enduring fume rests on his _____, which contributed to two
of the great stock figures of American mythology, the daring _____ and the bold
_____.

9．The American romanticists of the mid-l9^th century
termed themselves _____. They were led by _____ and preached the positive life.

10．Henry James made major contribution to American literature,
helping to transform the novel from its alliances with _____ and romantic storytelling
into an art form of penetrating _____.

Part II. Defining
literary terms

Directions: Give
brief explanations to the following terms (15 points, 3 points each)

Gothic novel

1．Rhyme scheme

2．Conceit

3．Motif

4．Poetic license

Part III. Identifying
and interpreting literary works

Directions: Read the
selections and answer the following questions. Both your understanding and your
English proficiency will be evaluated. (35 points, 7 point each)

1．

Questions:

What’s the title of the work from which
this reading is selected? Who is the author? Who is being cursed here? What
rhetoric devices did the author employ in this selection?

2．

From Paradise Lost by John Milton

Questions:

What’s the image conveyed in this selection?
Please describe the image in prose writing.

3．“The thing that irks me most is this shattered prison, after all.
I’m tired of being enclosed here. I’m wearying to escape into that glorious
world, and to be always there: not seeing it dimly through tear, and yearning
for it through the walls of an aching heart; but really with it, and in it.”

From Wuthering
Heights by Emily Bronte

Questions:

Who is the speaker? What’s the state of
his/her mind? What’s the world he/she is longing for?

4．

Notes:

Steeple: a tall pointed structure on top of
the tower of a church

Amethyst: a purple stone, which is used in
making jewelry

Bobolinks: a North American singing bird
with brightly colored plumage

Stile: a path that consists of a step on either side of a fence or
wall. It allows people to get to the path without letting animal through

Dominie: a pastor, or a clergyman

Questions:

Please explain and interpret the poem so as
to make clear the theme.

5．I stood like one bewitched. I drank it in, in a speechless rapture.
The world was new to me, and I had never seen anything like this at home. But
as I have said, a day came when I began to cease from noting the glories and
the charms which the moon and the sun and the twilight wrought upon the river’s
face; another day came when I ceased altogether to note them. Then, if that
sunset scene had been repeated, I should have looked upon it without rapture,
and should have commented upon it, inwardly, in this fashion: This sun means
that we are going to have wind to-morrow; that floating log means that the
river is rising, small thanks to it; that slanting mark on the water refers to
a bluff reef which is going to kill somebody’s steamboat one of these nights,
if it keeps on stretching out like that; those tumbling ‘boils’ show a
dissolving bar and a changing channel there; the lines and circles in the slick
water over yonder are a warning that that troublesome place is shoaling up
dangerously; that silver streak in the shadow of the forest is the ‘break’ from
a new snag, and he has located himself in the very best place he could have
found to fish for steamboats; that tall dead tree, with a single living branch,
is not going to last long, and then how is a body ever going to get through
this blind place at night without the friendly old landmark.

From Life
on the Mississippi River by Mark Twain

Question:

What does the selection reflect?

语言学试题：

I. Explain the following
terms: (5%)

1．Langue and competence

2．Communicative competence

3．Duality

4．Innateness Hypothesis

5．Sense and reference

II. Make one choice from
A, B, C or D, for each of the following questions below: (20%)

1．_____ is supposed to have started
the study of modern linguistics.

A. Chomsky

B. de Saussure

C. Bloomfield

D. John Lyons

2．Language has a property which enables us to refer to things far
removed in time and place. This property is called _____.

A. creativity

B. discreteness

C. transmission

D. displacement

3．Words in syntagmatic relations must be
confined by _____ conditions.

A. phonological
and semantic

B. syntactic and
semantic

C. phonological
and syntactic

D. semantic and
pragmatic

4．Modern linguistics prefers _____ rather than _____ for the
distinction between accepting what speakers actually use and making a value
judgment about the correctness of certain utterances.

A. syntagmatic
relation… paradigmatic relation

B. synchronic
study…diachronic study

C. descriptive
approach…prescriptive approach

D. speech…written
form

5．Which organ is responsible for the
feature of voicing?

A. vocal cords

B. tongue root

C. pharynx

D. soft palate

6．The lack of consistency in representing
sounds in English is due to the fact that _____.

A. English
writing system became fixed earlier than the pronunciation of the words

B. English
writing system was created differently from the pronunciation of the words

C. the
pronunciation of the words changes less than the writing system in English

D. the
pronunciation of the words became more fixed than English writing system

7．Which is correct in the following for the
formation of the word unreadability?

A. [[[un+read]+able]+ity]

B. [[un+[read+able]]+ity]

C. [un [[read+able]+ity]]

D. [un[[read+able]+ity]

8．_____, suggested by Ellis, are a set of vowel qualities intended
to provide a frame of reference for the description of the actual vowels in the
existing languages.

A. Primary
Vowels

B. Cardinal
Vowels

C. Referential
Vowels

D. Distinctive
Vowels

9．The consonants that combine to form an onset with the vowel on
the right are those that correspond to the maximal sequence. This statement is
_____.

A. Syllable Rule

B. Onset Rule

C. Maximal Onset
Principle

D. Maximal
Syllable Rule

10．In poetry, the last words in the lines
may rime at _____ of their last syllables.

A. nucleus

B. onset and
nucleus

C. nucleus and
coda

D. the whole
syllabic structure

11．Which process in the following makes a
new form of word by phonetic change?

A. modification

B. blending

C.
reduplication　

D. backformation

12．A word that belongs to the _____ is one
whose membership is fixed and limited.

A. Lexical
class

B. Closed class

C. Dynamic
class

D. Static class

13．_____ is a relationship in which a word of a certain class
determines the form of others in terms of certain category.

A. Agreement

B. Domination

C. Control

D. Government

14．A sign of language system makes the
union of _____.

A. form and
sound

B. meaning and
structure

C. signifier
and signified

D. word and
concept

15．Which type of approaches to syntax emphasizes on the grammaticality
and ungrammaticality of sentences in a given language?

A. Traditional approach

B. Structural
approach

C. Generative approach

D. Functional
approach

16．Who proposes that language is a mode of
action?

A. Mathesius

B. Malinowski

C. Austin

D. Hockett

17．On the analogy of distinctive features in phonology, the meaning
of a word can be regarded as a collection of semantic features. Thus _____ makes
an important means of semantic analysis.

A. Componential
analysis

B. Feature
analysis

C. Meaning
analysis

D. Integrated
analysis

18．In terms of the relationship between language and thought, _____claims
that language determines thought.

A. Critical Hypothesis

B.
Sociocultural Hypothesis

C. Grice’s
Principle

D. Sapir-Whorf
Hypothesis

19．In language learning theory, a learner’s language system which
is between the target language and his or her native language is called as _____.

A. Processing
language

B. Mid-language

C. In-progress
language

D.
Interlanguage

20．Errors are regarded as incorrect hypothesis by learners about the
new language. This is the view of _____.

A.
Structuralism

B. Generativism

C.
Post-structuralism　

D.
Communicativism

III. Data Analysis:
(30%)

1．In the following is
the phonetic description of some of American English words. Generalize the rule
from the data which can explain the phonetic change of the /t/ and /d/ from
Column A to /D/ in Column B. Your consideration should be placed on (1) the
neutralization the two phonemes:/t/ and /d/ in Column A; (2) and the flapping
change in terms of the position in the words; (3)and the property of the
syllable they occupy in Column B. (Note: /D/ stands for the flap sound) (8%)

2．Draw labeled tree diagrams, as Generative
Grammar does, to distinguish the two interpretations of the following sentence:
(6%)

The old men and
women left the room.

3．Explain why the
following sentences are ungrammatical? (3%)

*John likes him.
(Note: “John” and “him” are co-referential.)

4．What does each of the
following sentences presuppose? (5%)

(1) It was Mary who helped John.

(2) The headmaster forgot that Bill
graduated from school two years ago.

(3) Paul got up early in order to catch the
train.

(4) That Bill ran away from work drove his
boss mad.

(5) The Queen of England is popular.

5．In what situation can
the following conversation be successful? Explain why? (5%)

A. Honey, there is the phone call.

B: I’m in the bathroom.

6．Translate the
following logical form into English: (3%)

(1) ∀x C(x)

(2) ∀x ∃y
A(x, y) (Note: C=clever; A= admire; x, y are
variables.)

IV. State the various
functions of language for human communication (10%)

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