四川外国语大学241英语考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 四川外国语大学241英语历年考研真题

2. 全国名校二外英语考研真题

考研指导书

1. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

2. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（2）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

3. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（3）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

4. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（4）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

四川外国语大学241英语历年考研真题AI讲解

书籍目录

部分内容

2003年四川外国语大学221英语考研真题及详解

I. Tick off the correct
choice. (20%)

1 A little girl presented the
distinguished visitor with a_____ of flowers.

A. bunch

B. pack

C. bundle

D. bulk

【答案】A

【解析】句意：一个小女孩给一位尊贵的来访者送了一束花。这里考查短语的固定搭配，a bunch of flowers一束花。因此本题选A。a pack
of 一包；一盒。a bundle
of一捆；一大堆。a bulk of大量。

2 Miss Smith always prefers to start early
rather than _____ everything to the last minute.

A. to leave

B. leaving

C. leave

D. to have left

【答案】C

【解析】句意：史密斯小姐宁愿早早开始工作也不愿意把一切事情留到最后一刻。这里考查prefer的用法，即prefer to do rather than do宁可做……而不愿做。语法结构上来看，than两边的结构是一致的，都是不定式，但是习惯上把后面的to省略，所以要选择C项。

3 That’s a beautiful leather wallet, but I
can’t afford to pay _____ much.

A. enough

B. more

C. such

D. that

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这是一个漂亮的皮革钱包，但我付不起那么多钱。这里其实就是一个固定说法，付不起钱就是I can’t afford to pay that much。可以直接背下来。

4 Would you mind _____ the window? It is
hot in here.

A. to open

B. me opening

C. open

D. of opening

【答案】B

【解析】句意：你是否介意我开一下窗？太热了。此处考查mind的用法，Would/Do
you mind+(sb’s) doing…？你是否介意（某人）做某事？所以选择B项。

5 Make sure _____ you don’t forget to pack
everything needed.

A. if

B. that

C. whether

D. when

【答案】B

【解析】句意：确保你没有忘记把所有的需要的东西都装起来。这里是一个祈使句，用从属连词that引导后面的宾语从句，并且that可省略，其他三个选项意思不符。

6 I will give this dictionary to _____ wants
to have it.

A. anyone

B. someone

C. whoever

D. whose

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我将把这本字典给任何想要它的人。whoever引导让步状语从句，相当于anyone who意思是“无论谁；不管谁”。这里要选的词既要充当主句中介词to的宾语，又要充当从句中wants的主语，所以只能选C项。

7 I don’t know when Mary had her hair
_____ so short.

A. cut

B. cutting

C. to cut

D. cutted

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我不知道什么时候玛丽把她的头发剪的如此短。在这里“have+sth（宾语）+过去分词（宾语补足语）”意为“让/叫/使某事被做”。宾语sth后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。在这里她的头发（her
hair）与剪（cut）之间是被动的关系，所以选择cut的过去分词形式，即还是cut。

8 He knows little of physics, and _____ of
chemistry.

A. even more

B. still less

C. no less

D. still more

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他不了解物理，更不了解化学。在这里用and连接了两个句子，表明两者是并列的，前一句说他不了解物理，那么后一句就不可能是了解化学了，不然两者就要成为转折关系了，而其他三个选项都是说他对化学非常了解，是错误的，所以应该选择B。

9 Only by training very hard every day, _____
become a good athlete.

A. you might

B. you can

C. can you

D. should you

【答案】C

【解析】句意：只有通过每天努力训练，你才能够成为一名优秀的运动员。这里考查only的倒装句，only如果后面跟了副词、介词短语或从句等状语，则后面的主句用倒装结构，即主谓要颠倒。这一句里by training very hard every day是个介词短语，需要主句倒装，所以you can become a good athlete要变成can you become a good athlete。故而要选C。

10 The speaker, _____ for her splendid
speeches, was warmly received by the audience.

A. having known

B. being known

C. known

D. knowing

【答案】C

【解析】句意：因她精彩的演讲而知名，那个演讲家被观众热情地接待。“因……而出名”的短语是be known for，所以A、D错误，而B项的being强调了时间上的进行状态，但实际上句子里却没这个意思，就指一般状态，“因她优秀的演讲而知名”，而不是“她那时候正在因优秀的演讲而知名”。

11 “Shall I tell Ann how to improve her
painting?”

“Yes, but _____
of suggestion may discourage her.”

A. a list too
long

B. too long a
list

C. a too long
list

D. a list of
too long

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我应该告诉安怎么样去提高她的油画水平吗？恩，但是太长的建议可能会使她失去信心。在这里a list of是“一列”的意思，如果加上long就变为a
long list of，但是再加上too来强调一下的话就只能把long提前了，变为too long a list，在英语里没有a too long list这样的表达。

12 French industrial and agricultural production was still inadequate
to meet the immediate needs of the people, _____ long range developments.

A. rather than

B. let alone

C. according to

D. regardless
of

【答案】B

【解析】句意：法国的工业和农业产量仍然不能满足人们紧急的需求，更不要提满足长期的发展了在这里前后有明显的递进之意，所以选择let alone更不必说。rather than而不是。according to根据。regardless of不管；不顾。

13 It is a pity that we should stay at
home when we have _____ weather.

A. so fine

B. such fine

C. such a fine

D. so fine a

【答案】B

【解析】句意：有这么好的天气，我们要待在家里真遗憾。这一句考查so和such的感叹句用法，so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。它们后面接单数可数名词时，词序不同。so的词序为：so+ adj + a（an）+ n。such的词序为：such + a（an）+adj + n。在这个句子里是对名词天气进行感叹，所以选择such，而且weather是不可数名词，所以不需要加a。因此正确选项为B。

14 By the end of this term I _____my
Master’s degree.

A. shall have
obtained

B. shall obtain

C. may obtain

D. obtain

【答案】A

【解析】句意：到这学期期末时我将会已经获得硕士文凭。从by“截止到……”一词看出本题考查将来完成时，将来完成时是用在表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，时态构成为shall + have+过去分词用于第一人称，will + have+过去分词可用于所有人称。此题是第一人称，所以选择shall have obtained，另外will have obtained也是可以的。

15 The man was sent to prison for six
months, _____ guilty of theft.

A. having found

B. being found

C. having been
found

D. to have been
found

【答案】C

【解析】句意：被发现犯有盗窃罪，这个人已经被送往监狱六个月了。后一分句采用现在分词做目的状语，用完成时来表示分词动作在谓语动作之前，解释他被送去监狱的原因。

16 Mother says the flowers need _____.

A. to be
watered

B. watered

C. to water

D. to be watering

【答案】A

【解析】句意：妈妈说花朵需要被浇水。当某物作主语，谓语动词是need，want，require等时，它的宾语可以用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式。所以本题要么选用主动形式need watering，要么选用不定式的被动形式need to be watered。

17 The two boys still denies_____ the
window.

A. to break

B. broken

C. having
broken

D. to have
broken

【答案】C

【解析】句意：这两个男孩仍然否认已经打破了窗户。deny否定；否认。其用法为deny doing sth。根据句意知道窗户是已经被打破的，所以要用完成时。

18 I didn’t _____ to take a taxi but I had
to as I was late.

A. assume

B. mean

C. hope

D. suppose

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我本来没打算打的，但是我必须打的，要不我就得迟到了。mean to do sth打算做某事。 assume假定；设想。hope希望。suppose假设；认为。

19 They did not find _____ to prepare for
the worst conditions they might meet.

A. worth their
while

B. it
worthwhile

C. it worth

D. it worthy

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他们没有发现值得为他们遇到的最糟糕的状况做准备。这一题考查形容词的辨析，worth，worthy和worthwhile都有“值得”的含义，但具体用法不同。worth用于be worth (doing) sth；worthy用于be worthy of“值得的”；worthwhile用于it is worthwhile to do/doing
sth。在这里是选用了worthwhile的用法变形，即find + it + adj + to do
sth。

20 Maria would rather I _____ down for a
short rest.

A. would lie

B. should lie

C. lay

D. can lie

【答案】B

【解析】句意：玛丽亚宁愿我躺下来短暂休息一下。would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型，结构为should +动词原形，所以选择B。

II. Reading
comprehension. (30%)

Part 1

1 The case for college has been accepted
without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to
go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will
help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more
responsible citizens than those who don’t go.

2 But college has never been able to work
its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates
are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and
more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college
students interfere with each other’s experiments and write false letters of
recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school.
Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by
college administrators.

3 Some observers say the fault is with the
young people themselves—they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But
that’s a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn’t explain all
campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly
right. We’ve been told that young people have to go to college because our
economy can’t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed
graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained
twenty-two-year olds, either.

4 Some adventuresome educators and campus
watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the
proper, the only place for every young person after the competition of high
school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside
down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college
experiences.

5 Perhaps college doesn’t make people
intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things—maybe it’s
just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal,
quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in
the first place.

6 And perhaps all those successful college
graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not.
This is heresy (异端邪说) to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a
little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is
beginning to mount up.

1 The main idea of paragraph 1 is that _____.

A. People used
to question the value of college education

B. People used
to have full confidence in higher education

C. All high
school graduates went to college

2 The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that
_____.

A. the author
gives examples to show that college fails to fulfill its goal

B. more and more
high school students are attending college

C. more and more
students are encouraged by their teachers drop out of college

3 In the second paragraph, “those who
don’t fit in the pattern” refers to_____.

A. high school
graduates who aren’t suitable for college education

B. college
graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxis

C. college
students who aren’t any better for their higher education

4 According to paragraph 3, the problems
of college education partly arise from the fact that _____.

A. society
cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates

B. too many
students have to earn their own livings

C. college
administrators encourage students to drop out

5 In paragraph 3, “but that’s a condemnation of the students as a
whole, and doesn’t explain all campus unhappiness” means that _____.

A. there are a
few students who are not happy

B. not all
students should be blamed for the failure of college education

C. students
should be condemned as a whole

6 In paragraph 4, the author argues that
_____.

A. college
education is not enough if one wants to be successful

B. college
education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learning

C. more and more
evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high school
graduates

7 Paragraph 5 means that _____.

A. only
intelligent, ambitious and quick-learning can go to college

B. college
education is the way to success

C. college doesn’t make people intelligent, ambitious but attracts
those who are smart, happy, quick-learning

8 Paragraph 6 further argues that _____.

A. going to
college doesn’t mean success

B. going to
college makes a person successful

C. all college
graduates are successful

9 In the last line of paragraph 6, “mount
up” means _____.

A. climbing

B. increasing in
number

C. come

【答案与解析】

1 B

文章第一段指出：不止一代人把上大学视为毋庸置疑的事，传统的智慧和统计的证据指出所有的高中生都应该去上大学，因为上大学将帮助他们相比于那些不上大学的人赚更多的钱，成为更优秀的人，并学会成为更有责任心的市民。所以第一段的大意是人们过去对高等教育充满自信。选择B项。

2 A

文章第二段指出：但是大学从未能给每个人创造奇迹，现在近一半的高中生在上大学，不适应大学模式的人变得越来越多，这一问题也变得更加明显。大学毕业生在卖鞋或者开出租车，大学生们写假的推荐信为了在激烈竞争中得到研究生的学习机会。在这里作者的观点与第一段人们惯有的想法形成了鲜明的对比，并举了几个例子说明大学并没有达到它的目标，即没有让上了大学的那些人变得更成功。

3 C

文章第二段指出：不适应大学模式的人变得越来越多，接着作者就举了一些例子，这些大学毕业生做着普通的工作，并没有变得很成功，所以“those who don’t fit in the pattern”指的是没有变得更优秀的大学生。

4 A

文章第三段最后两句指出：我们被告知年轻人必须去上大学是因为经济无法容纳一群未经培训的十八岁的年轻人，但是很沮丧的一点是，经济也无法容纳一群经过培训的二十二岁的人。所以大学教育的问题部分源于社会无法为经过适当培训的年轻人提供工作。

5 B

文章第三段指出：对于大学没有将学生变得更优秀，有两方面的原因，第一方面是将原因归结到年轻人身上，即他们被惯坏了，期望也太高了，紧接着作者语意转折，说这一观点是对所有学生的谴责，并不是唯一的原因。所以“but that’s a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn’t
explain all campus unhappiness”是指并非所有的学生都应该因大学教育的失败而受到谴责。

6 C

文章第四段第一句指出：一些有冒险精神的教育家和大学的观察者已经开始公开表明，大学可能不是对每个高中毕业生而言都是最好的、最合适的、唯一的归处。所以第四段中作者的观点是越来越多的证据表明大学并不是对每个高中毕业生而言都是最好的。

7 C

文章第五段指出：也许大学不能使得人们变得聪明、有抱负、开心、自由或者学得快，另一面才是事实，即聪明、有抱负、开心、自由和学得快的人在第一时间就被吸引进了大学。所以选择C。

8 A

文章第六段指出：也许即使那些优秀的大学毕业生不上大学也会很成功，这对于我们而言可能是异端邪说，因为我们从小就相信如果很少的教育有用的话，更多的教育只会更好，但是相反的证据却开始增加。所以第六段是在继续宣称上大学并不意味着成功。

9 B

根据最后一段话的大意，可以推测出mount up是“增加”的意思，因此选择B。

Part 2

1 Do you find getting up in the morning so
difficult that it is painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman
has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.

2 During the hours when you labor through
your work you may say that you are “hot”. That is true. The time of day when
you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak.
For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the
afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to
such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: “Get up, John! You’ll
be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John
is at his temperature and energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling
ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which
cycle each member of the family has.

3 You can’t change your energy cycle, but
you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman
believes. Maybe you are sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up later
anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later
than you want to. If your energy is low in the evening but you have important
job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your
cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point.

4 Get off to a slow start which saves your
energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a
minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for
clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do
routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or
concentration for your sharper hours.

10 What is the main idea of this article?

A. everyone has
an energy cycle which cannot be changed but used to make one’s life fit it
better

B. energy cycle
causes family quarrels

C. people
should overcome laziness

11 The second paragraph is mainly about
_____.

A. husbands and
wives quarrel because they have different energy cycles

B. what energy
cycle means and how it is reflected in different people

C. people feel
hot when they work hard

12 According to paragraph 2, which of the
following may lead to family quarrels?

A. a change in
a family member’s energy cycle

B. familiar
monologues (滔滔不绝的话）

C. unawareness
of energy cycles

13 If one wants to work more efficiently
at his low point in the morning, he should _____.

A. change his
energy cycle

B. overcome his
laziness

C. get up earlier
than usual

14 The main idea of paragraph 3 is _____.

A. people
should get up early and sleep late

B. people learn
to make life fit it better by knowing their own energy cycle

C. if you get
up earlier, you can work better

15 You are advised to rise with a yawn and
stretch because it will _____.

A. help you
keep your energy for the day’s work

B. help you to
control your temper early in the day

C. enable you
to concentrate on your routine work

16 Which of the following statement is NOT
TRUE?

A. getting off
to work with a minimum effort helps save one’s energy

B. Dr. Kleitman
explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day

C. habit helps
one adapt to his own energy cycle

【答案与解析】

10 A

本文是一篇说明文，说明了每个人每天早起时很困难，是因为每个人都有自己的日常能量循环，因为每个人的日常能量循环不同，所以每个人的习惯不一样，第三段第一句还指出：日常能量循环是无法被改变的，但人们能学会去适应它，所以本题选A。

11 B

文章第二段一开始就提到：在你工作时你可能会说你很热，这是事实，一天中你感觉最有活力的时候就是当你身体的温度达到最高的时候，一些人的体温高峰期在午前，一些人在午后或者晚上，没有人知道为什么会是这样。然后作者举了John自言自语以及家庭争吵结束的例子。所以第二段主要是在讲什么是日常能量循环以及它是如何在不同人身上反映出来的。

12 C

文章第二段最后一句指出：当丈夫和妻子认识到什么是日常能量循环以及家庭成员每个人的循环情况时很多家庭争吵就会停止。那么反过来推，没有意识到日常能量循环就会导致家庭争吵了。

13 C

文章第三段倒数第二句指出：如果在夜间时你的能量很低，但是早上你有重要的工作要做时，可以起的比平时早一点。

14 B

文章第三段指出：日常能量循环是无法被改变的，但人们能学会去适应它，作者还告诉读者一些具体适应日常能量循环的做法，从而帮助人们在精神不佳时也能很好工作。所以第三段的大意是人们通过了解日常能量循环来使生活更加适应它。

15 A

文章最后一段第一句就指出：缓慢地起床能帮助保存能量，然后就举了一些例子，如打哈欠和伸懒腰。所以打哈欠和伸懒腰能为你白天的工作保存住体力。

16 A

选项A说以最小的努力去工作能保存能量，但文中并无此表述，只是在最后一段告诉了人们哪些做法可以保存能量，但保存能量是为了白天的工作，而不是说以最小的努力去工作，所以A项错误。

Part 3

1 Opinion polls (民意检验) are now beginning to show
reluctant consensus (一致) that, whoever is to blame
and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay.
This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more
widely.

2 But we need to go further. We must ask
some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to
treat employment as the norm? Should we not rather encourage many other ways
for self-respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which
many of us can work for ourselves rather than for an employer? Should we not
aim to revive (复兴) the household and the
neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production
and work?

3 The industrial age has been the only
period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs.
The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work
patterns which it brought may have to be reserved. This seems a discouraging
thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work.
Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.

4 Employment became widespread when the
enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid
work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide
a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage
industries and removed work from people’s homes. Later, as transport improved,
first by rail and then by road, people commute longer distances to their places
of employment until, eventually, many people’s work lost all connection with
their home lives and the places in which they lived.

5 Meanwhile, employment put women at a
disadvantage. In preindustrial times, men and women had shared the productive
work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the
husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and
family to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today,
and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.

6 It was not only women whose work status
suffered. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old
people were excluded—a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated (受挫折) at school and more retired people want to live active lives.

7 All this may have to change. The time
has certainly come to switch some efforts and resources away from the utopian
goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many
people to manage without full-time jobs.

17 Research carried out in recent opinion
polls shows that _____.

A. available
employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the population

B. new jobs
must be created in order to rectify high employment figures

C. the present
high unemployment figures are a fact of life

18 In paragraph 2, by asking questions the article suggests that we
should now re-examine our thinking about the future of work and_____.

A. set up
smaller private enterprises so that we in turn can employ others

B. create more
factories in order to increase our productivity

C. be prepared
to admit that being employed is not the only kind of work

19 In paragraph 3, the arrival of the
industrial age in our historical evolution meant that _____.

A. patterns of
work were fundamentally changed

B. economic
freedom came within everyone’s grasp

C. universal
employment virtually guaranteed prosperity

20 What is implied in “The industrial age may now be coming to an
end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be
reserved” in paragraph 3?

A. the
industrial age should be reserved

B. we should
reserve the work patterns of the industrial age

C.it is likely
for us to reserve some of the work patterns which were changed during the industrial
age and in the past

21 In paragraph 4, the enclosures of the
17th and 18th centuries meant that _____.

A. people were
no longer legally entitled to own land

B. many people
were forced to look elsewhere for means of supporting themselves

C. people were
not adequately compensate for the loss of their land

22 In paragraph 4, “commute” means _____.

A.travel
regularly by car or train

B. talk

C. go

23 The main idea of paragraph 5 and 6 is
_____.

A. shows the
problem of the old and the young and women

B. employment has brought disadvantageous effects on women’s work
status and side effects on the old and the young

C. the norm of
family role

24 The article concludes that _____.

A. the creation
of jobs for all is impossibility

B. our efforts
and resources in terms of tackling unemployment are insufficient

C. people
should start to support themselves by learning a practical skill

【答案与解析】

17 C

文章第一段指出：民意测验显示，不管该指责谁，也不管从现在开始要发生什么事，高失业率都将继续下去。

18 C

文章第二段提了很多问题，如我们应该将就业看成常态吗？我们不应该鼓励自重的人们以其他的方式工作吗？我们不应该创造条件让我们中的很多人能自己当老板而不是为一个雇主工作吗？所以作者让我们重新思考并认识到被雇佣并不是唯一的工作方式，因此选择C项。

19 A

文章第三段指出：工业时代是人类历史中大多数人的工作都是就业的唯一一个阶段，在第五段中间作者指出：在前工业化时代，男性和女性在家里和村庄都做同样的工作，而现在丈夫去外面从事有酬的劳动，而让妻子在家做无薪水的事情。所以工业时代的到来使得工作模式彻底改变。

20 C

题干这句话的意思是工业时代正要结束，而工业时代所带来的一些工作模式的改变可能要被继续保留，只有C项意思符合，B项扭曲了语意，并不是要保留工业时代的工作模式，而是要保留部分由工业时代带来的工作模式的变化。

21 A

文章第四段指出：17—18世纪的圈地运动剥削了人们对土地的使用权，这使得雇佣变得普遍，很多的人都要依赖有偿工作。所以圈地运动意味着人们不再合法地拥有自己的土地。

22 A

文章第四段最后一句指出：随着交通的改善，人们去更远的地方工作，所以commute是指经常乘交通工具去上班地点，因此选择A项。

23 B

第五段第一句就指出雇佣使得女性处于不利地位，第六段指出不仅仅是女性的地位受损，更多的青年在学校受挫折，老人希望过更活跃的生活，所以第五六段的大意是雇佣给女性的工作地位带来了不利影响，也给老人和年轻人带来了负面影响。

24 A

本文讨论的是失业和就业问题。当今社会存在高失业率的问题，且全民实现就业永远都是乌托邦式的幻想，所以必须让公众认识到被雇佣并不是唯一的工作方式，我们也应该更关注如何帮助人们去应对没有全职工作的困境，所以本文得出的结论是要尽可能地去创造工作机会。

Part 4

1 It is natural for young people to be
critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the
misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less
justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are
possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with
crises; that they talk too much about certain problems—and that they have no
sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationships.

2 I think it is true that parents often
underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt
when young.

3 Young people often irritate their
parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and
music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into
which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of
their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary
or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment.
They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders
in style and taste.

4 Sometimes you are resistant, and proud
because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they did
approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case,
you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can’t win but at least you can
keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural
enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your
parents’ control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be
responsible for yourself.

5 If you plan to control your life,
co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially your
parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress others with your
sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the
authority to do what you want to do.

25 The author is primarily talking to_____.

A. parents of
teenagers

B. newspaper
readers

C. teenagers

26 Paragraph 1 is mainly about_____.

A. the
teenagers’ criticism of their parents

B. misunderstandings
between teenagers and their parents

C. the
dominance of the parents over their children

27 According to paragraph 3, teenagers
tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because_____.

A. they want to
irritate their parents

B. they want to
show their existence by creating a culture of their own

C. they have a
strong desire to be leaders in style and ‘taste

28 In paragraph 4, teenagers do not want
their parents to approve of whatever they do because_____.

A. they have
already been accepted into the adult world

B. they feel
that they are superior in a small way to the adults

C. they have a
desire to be independent

29 To improve parent-child relationships,
teenagers are advised to be_____.

A. obedient

B. responsible

C. co-operative

30 Which of the following statement is NOT
TRUE?

A. young people
always want to irritate their parents by strange behavior

B. parents’
approval of what the children are doing betrays their age and immaturity

C. teenagers
are advised to learn to be cooperative to bridge the gap with their parents

【答案与解析】

25 C

全文以第一人称的口吻来写，一直用you来指代青少年，就像是在同青少年对话一样，文章末尾还告诉青少年改如何处理与父母之间的关系，所以本文的写作对象是青少年。

26 B

这是一个主旨大意题，根据第一段中“They have always complained, more or less justly, that their
parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and
dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with problems; that
they talk too much about certain problems—and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent—child relationships.”可以看出这全是青少年对父母的批评和抱怨。

27 B

第三段一开始就指出：青年人经常用他们对衣服、发型、娱乐明星及音乐的选择使父母生气，这不是他们的目的，他们觉得他们与还没有接受他们的承认世界非常隔膜，因此他们创造自己的文化和社交。所以答案为B。

28 C

第四段指出：有时候你顽固而且自豪，因为你不想让你的父母同意你所做的事情。如果他们赞同，好像你就背叛了你的同龄人一样。在那种情况下，你就像是一个被压迫者，你无法赢但至少要保持荣誉。所以青少年不想得到父母的认同是因为他们渴望独立。

29 C

这是一个细节题，根据最后一段第一句“If you plan to control your life, cooperation can be part of that
plan.”可知，合作对有计划掌控生活有帮助，所以作者在此是建议青少年采取合作的方式。cooperative合作的。attractive吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的。positive积极的；正面的；肯定的。productive多产的；富有成效的。

30 A

第三段一开始就指出：青年人经常用他们的一些选择使父母生气，这不是他们的目的，所以A项“青少年总是以奇怪的行为来激怒父母”是错误的。

III. For each blank in
the following passage, choose the best answer from the Choices below. (20%)

What should you
think about (1) trying to find your career? You
are probably (2) some school subjects than (3) . These (4) show strengths that you
can use in your work. A boy (5) is good at
mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and
likes English may be good at (6) . (7) it is important to know the (8) you
do well in (9) .

(10) , you may not have any (11) strong
or weak subjects (12) your records show a
general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly
in a job, they may have (13) value. A (14)　of history is not (15) most jobs
but if history is one of your good subjects you will (16) to
remember facts and details. This is (17) that
can be useful in many jobs.

Your school may
have taught you skills, (18) typing or technical
drawing, (19) you can use in your work. You may
be good at metal work or cookery and look for a job where you (20) these skills.

1 A. to

B. in

C. at

D. for

2 A. better at

B. better in

C. well at

D. better of

3 A. other

B. others

C. other’s

D. the other

4 A. shall

B. may

C. should

D. must

5 A. when

B. which

C. whoever

D. who

6 A. engineering

B. physics

C. office work

D. medical work

7 A. so

B. but

C. nevertheless

D. however

8 A. career

B. subjects

C. activities

D. things

9 A. at home

B. at school

C. at work

D. at the school

10 A. one the other hand

B. therefore

C. as a result

D. so

11 A. special

B. specially

C. especial

D. especially

12 A. because

B. when

C. for

D. but

13 A. indirect

B. direct

C. directly

D. indirectly

14 A. few

B. lot

C. knowledge

D. little

15 A. enough for

B. required for

C. well-known
for

D. famous for

16 A. have learned

B. have
learning

C. learn

D. to learn

17 A. a capability

B. an ability

C. something

D. anything

18 A. such

B. as

C. such as

D. for example

19 A. where

B. that

C. when

D. which

20 A. can learn

B. can use

C. can make

D. can improve

【答案与解析】

1 B

句意：在找工作时你会考虑什么呢？这里选择in表示（某抽象范围、领域）在……方面。

2 A

考查固定短语，be good at擅长，变成比较级就是be better at更擅长。

3 B

这里的others指other
subjects其他学科。

4 B

句意：这些可能会显示出你能用于工作中的长处。

5 D

考查定语从句，先行词the boy是人，在句中充当主语成分，关系代词可以用that和who。

6 C

句意：一个书写优美且英语好的女生可能擅长办公司工作。这个空可以根据排除法来做，engineering“工程”和physics“物理”一般都是女生不擅长的，而medical work “医疗工作”跟所提到的书写和英语都毫无关系。

7 A

前后是因果关系，因为男生和女生有各自擅长的方面，所以知道自己在学校擅长什么是很重要的，所以选择so“因此”。

8 B

第一段一直在讲擅长什么学科，如提到的物理、工程还有英语等，所以这里是选subject“学科”。

9 B

因为这一句是在说知道自己擅长什么学科很重要，很显然这是发生在学校的，但要注意区分at school 和at the school的区别，前者是在学校学习，后者是在学校，但并不一定是学习，如果开家长会，家长就是at the school。

10 A

第一段是在您讲述要知道自己擅长什么科目，但第二段第一句在讲你可能并没有特别强或特别弱的科目，前后是两个不同的方面，所以选择A项，而therefore,
as a result和so都是表示“因此”，逻辑关系错误。

11 B

句意：你可能并没有特别强或特别弱的科目，所以选择specially adv.特别地；专门地。注意这题容易误选D项。especially特别；尤其；格外。虽然specially和especially意思特别接近，但用法略有不同，especially通常用来对前面所述的事件进行进一步的说明或补充。 例：It’s specially hot today.今天天气特别热。He likes all subjects, especially
English. 他喜欢所有的学科，尤其是英语。

12 D

句意：你可能并没有特别强或特别弱的科目，但是你的学习情况大体上很满意。根据语意很显然前后表示转折，所以选择but。

13 A

句意：并非所有的学科都能直接应用到工作中去，但是他们可能有间接的价值。根据这句第一个单词为although可知前后是转折的关系，而前一分句出现了“directly”，所以后面要选择与其相反的词，又因为要修饰名字value，所以选择形容词indirect。

14 C

句意：大多数工作都不要求你了解历史。所以选择knowledge，a knowledge of某一方面的知识。

15 B

根据语意，大多数工作都不要求你了解历史。从而可以选出正确答案B。enough足够的。well-known和famous都表示出名的。

16 A

句意：历史是你将记住事实和细节的学科之一。首先will后面必须跟动词原形可以排除D项to
learn，而have 后面不可直接加v-ing形式，可以排除B项have learning，那么就只剩下A项have learned和C项learn，再分析一下时态，全文是针对毕业后找工作的人而言的，那么历史应该是已经学过的学科，所以用完成时态更符合，故而选择A项have
learned。

17 B

句意：这（记住事实和细节）是能用在很多工作中的能力。这题中要注意区分ability和capability。第一：ability能力，主要指人具有从事体力或脑力劳动的能力，并且暗含能够干好的意味。其复数形式表示“才能，专门技能”；capability的含义与ability相似，但它既可以指人，又可以指物。其复数形式常常表示“潜在的能力”。第二：ability是学到的，通过训练或工作磨练而获得的“能力”，而capacity是天生的。这句话中很明显，是学习历史让人获得了记住事实和细节的能力，是通过后天培养出来的，所以选择ability。

18 C

句意：学校可能教了你很多技能，如打字或者工程制图。所以选择such as例如。

19 D

句意：你可以把这些技能运用到工作中去。这句考查非限制性定语从句，它是先行词skills的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。在这句中which修饰主句的名词skills，并在从句中做动词use的宾语。

20 D

句意：你可能擅长金属加工或者烹调术，并想从事一份你能提高这些技能的工作。因为已经说了是be good at“擅长”，所以后面就不会是A项的learn“学习”了，C项的make“制作”在语意上说不通，再比较一下use“使用”和improve“改善，提高”可以发现improve更好，因为前一句中作者已经说了你可以把在学校学到的技能用到工作中去，那么这里语意应该是再进一步，即在工作中再去提高这些技能。

IV. Read the following
passage carefully, and then translate it into Chinese. (20%)

Essay examinations
can be short answer questions or long general questions. Essay tests do not
have an exact answer key. They are usually scored on the logic and completeness
of the answer, although there will be certain facts expected in the answer. The
number one reason students fail essay tests is because they don’t answer the
questions completely and specifically, and because their answers are not
well-organized, not because they cannot write.

Essay tests
require students to remember what they learned. Preparation must be done during
the semester, not the night before! Here are some tips you can use during the
semester to be ready for any essay test that your instructor announces.

【参考译文】

作文考试的形式可以是简答题或者是长的常规性问题，作文考试没有一个确切的标准答案，尽管答案中有被期待看到的点，但一般都是按照回答的逻辑性和完整性来评分。学生未能通过作文考试的第一大原因就是因为他们没有完整并明确地回答问题，同时学生的回答没有条理而并不是因为他们不会写。

作文考试要求学生记住他们学过的知识，考试准备应该是在学期中就做好的，而不是等到考试前一天晚上。这里为你提供了一些建议，可以用在学期中准备你老师要求的任何一个作文考试。

V. Translate the
following sentences into English. (10%)

1 禁止观众在电影院内吸烟。

【答案】No smoking in the movie cinema.

2 除非他节食并每天锻炼，否则体重不会减轻。

【答案】Unless he is dieting and doing exercise
every day, he won’t lose weight.

3 看见你一个人独坐在那里伤心，我很难过。

【答案】I am very sorry to see you sitting
there alone sadly.

4 资金短缺是阻碍经济发展的重要因素之一。

【答案】Shortage of funding is one of the
important factors holding back economic development.

5 许多地方政府意识到需要在他们的住房规划中给老年人提供必要的安排。

【答案】Many regional governments are aware
that necessary arrangements are needed for the old people in the housing
planning.

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