考研真题
1. 全国名校基础英语考研真题详解
考研指导书
1. 张汉熙《高级英语（1）》（第3版重排版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】
2. 张汉熙《高级英语（2）》（第3版重排版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】
张汉熙《高级英语（1）》（第3版重排版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】
书籍目录
Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan (Excerpts)
Lesson 3 Blackmail
Lesson 4 The Trial That Rocked the World
Lesson 5 The Libido for the Ugly
Lesson 6 Mark Twain—Mirror of America (Excerpts)
Lesson 7 Everyday Use for Your Grandmama
Lesson 8 Three Cups of Tea (Excerpts)
Lesson 9 “A More Perfect Union” (Part Ⅰ)
Lesson 10 “A More Perfect Union” (Part Ⅱ)
Lesson 11 The Way to Rainy Mountain
Lesson 12 Ships in the Desert (Edited)
Lesson 13 No Signposts in the Sea (Excerpts)
Lesson 14 Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.R.
Lesson 15 Argentia Bay (Excerpts)
部分内容
Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
一、词汇短语
1hurricane [5hQrikEn] n. a severe tropical
cyclone usually with heavy rains and winds moving a 73-136 knots飓风
2lash [lAF] vt. strike against
with force or violence猛烈打击：The sleet is lashing the roof.雨夹雪击打着屋顶。
3pummel [5pQm(E)l] v. （用拳头连续）击打：The child pummeled his mother angrily as she carried him home.那孩子因其母带他回家而生气地捶打着母亲。
4reluctant [ri5lQktEnt] adj. unwilling;
disinclined不愿意的，勉强的：He was very reluctant to go away.他很不愿意离去。其名词形式为reluctance。
5abandon [E5bAndEn] vt. a). leave someone who needs or counts on
you; leave in the lurch放弃，抛弃：abandon a friend in trouble抛弃处于危难中的朋友；b). to give up by leaving or ceasing to operate or inhabit,
especially as a result of danger or other impending threat离弃，丢弃：abandon the ship弃船
6course [kC:s] n. a mode of action or
behavior品行，行为
7demolish [di5mCliF] vt. to do away with
completely; put an end to毁坏，破坏：The fire demolished the town.大火烧毁了这座城镇。
8motel [mEu5tel] n. a hotel for people who are traveling by car,
where you can park your car outside your room汽车旅馆
9gruff [^rQf] adj. hoarse; harsh粗糙的，粗哑的：a gruff voice粗哑的嗓音
10batten [5bAtn] vt. to furnish, fasten, or
secure with battens用压条固定
11methodically [mI5WRdIk(E)li] adv. orderly and
systematically有条理地，有秩序地：He methodically and placidly devoured a loaf of bread.他有条不紊，不动声色地把一整只面包都吃光了。
12main [mein] n. the principal pipe in a system for conveying
water, gas, oil, or other utility（自来水、煤气、石油等的）总管道，干线：gas main煤气总管
13bathtub [`bB:WtQb] n. a relatively large open
container that you fill with water and use to wash the body浴缸，澡盆
14generator [5dVenEreitE] n. a machine that produces
electricity发电机，发动机
15scud [skQd] vi. to run or skim along swiftly and easily飞奔，疾行，掠过：Dark clouds are scudding
by.乌云滚滚而来。
16mattress [5mAtris] n. a usually rectangular
pad of heavy cloth filled with soft material床垫，褥子
17pane [pein] n. one of the glass-filled
divisions of a window or door窗格玻璃
18French door [frentFdC:] n. two adjoining doors
that have glass panes from top to bottom and are hinged at opposite sides of a
doorway so that it opens in the middle法式落地双开门
19disintegrate [dis5inti^reit] vt. to become reduced to
components, fragments, or particles分解，分裂，碎裂：disintegrate the enemy troops瓦解敌军
20blast [blB:st] n. a sudden strong movement of wind or air强风，阵风：A
blast of hot air came from the furnace.一股热风从火炉里吹出来。
21douse [daus] vt. to plunge into liquid; immerse浸泡，使浸透：As a joke, they douse him
with a bucket of water.他们开玩笑，把一桶水泼到他身上了。
22brigade [bri5^eid] n. a group of persons
organized for a specific purpose执行特定任务的队伍
23fire brigade [5faiE bri5^eid] n. or fire company, a body
of men organized to fight fires, esp. one of a number of such groups
constituting a fire department消防队
24scramble [5skrAmbl] vi. to move or climb
hurriedly, especially on the hands and knees攀爬，爬：scramble up a steep hillside爬上陡峭的山坡
25litter [5litE] n. the offspring produced at one birth by a
multifarious mammal幼仔，一胎生下的小动物
26shudder [5FQdE] vi. to shiver
convulsively, as from fear or revulsion战栗，颤抖：I shudder to think what might happen.我想到可能发生的事而战栗。
27ferocity [fE5rCsiti] n. the state or quality of
being ferocious; fierceness凶恶，残忍，暴行：The rebellion was put down with utmost ferocity.起义遭到了残酷镇压。
28swipe [swaip] n. a sweeping blow or stroke猛击，重击：She
made a swipe at the mosquito.她挥臂打蚊子。
29maroon [mE5ru:n] vt. to put ashore on a deserted island or coast
and intentionally abandon把……放逐到孤岛，（因洪水等）使孤立：During the storm
we were marooned in a cabin miles from town.在风暴中我们被围困在离城数英里的小屋内。
30devastate [5devEsteit] vt. to lay waste; destroy使荒芜，破坏：A long war devastated
Europe.长期的战争破坏了欧洲。[扩展]devastation n. 毁坏，破坏/ devastating adj. 破坏性的，毁灭性的/ devastator n. 蹂躏者，劫掠者
31swath [swC:W] n. the width of a scythe stroke or a
mowing-machine blade刈幅（挥动镰刀所及的面积）：The storm cut a wide swath through the town.暴风雨席卷全城，造成很大的破坏。
32moorings [5muEriNs] n. (of ten pl.) lines, cables, etc. by which a
ship is fastened to the land or the bottom of the sea停泊处
33crack [krAk] v. a). to break or snap apart断裂，折断：The mirror cracked.镜子破裂了。b). to cause to break
without complete separation of parts使裂开：crack the glass敲碎玻璃
34snap [snAp] vi. to break suddenly with a brisk, sharp,
cracking sound突然折断，啪的一声折断：A branch snapped off the tree in the wind.大风中一条树枝啪地从树上断落。
35vacationer [vE5keIF[nE(r)] n. a person taking a vacation,
esp. one who is traveling or at a resort度假者，休假者
36vantage point [5vB:ntidV pCInt] n. a position that allows
a clear and broad view有利地势，绝佳的位置
37gigantic [dVai5^Antik] adj. very large or
extensive巨大的，庞大的：He
made a last gigantic effort.他做了最后一次巨大的努力。
38huddle [5hQdl] vi. to crowd together, as from cold or fear挤在一起：They huddled together for
warmth.他们挤成一团取暖。
39slashing [5slAFiN] adj. severe; merciless, violent严厉的，猛烈的：a slashing criticism严厉的批评
40implore [im5plC:] vt. to appeal to in
supplication; beseech恳求，哀求：implore sb. for mercy恳求某人怜悯
41bar [bB:(r)] n. a vertical line dividing a staff into equal
measures; a measure小节线（把五线谱分成相等节拍的竖线）；小节
42trail [treil] vi. to become gradually fainter; dwindle减弱，减小：His voice trailed off in
confusion.困惑中他的声音逐渐变小。
43debris [5debri:] n. a rough, broken bit and piece of a stone, wood,
glass, etc. as after destruction; rubble碎片，瓦砾：After the bombing there was a lot of debris everywhere.轰炸过后到处是一片残骸。
44sanctuary [5sANktjuEri] n. a place of refuge or
asylum避难所，躲避处：The fleeing rebels found a sanctuary in the
nearby church.正在逃窜的反叛分子在附近的教堂里避难。
45cedar [5si:dE] n. any of several Old World evergreen
coniferous trees of the genus Cedrus, having stiff needles on short shoots and
large, erect seed cones with broad deciduous scales雪松
46extinguish [iks5tiN^wiF] vt. to put out (a fire,
for example); quench熄灭，扑灭：extinguish a fire灭火
47waver [5weivE] vi. a). to move unsteadily back and forth摇晃，摇曳；b). to become unsteady or
unsure; falter动摇：His
resolve began to waver.他的决心开始动摇了。
48topple [5tCpl] vi. to lean over as if about to fall倾倒，摇摇欲坠：The house threatened to
topple over.房子有倒塌的危险。
49lean-to [5li:ntu:] n. a roof with a single slope,
its upper edge abutting a wall or building; a shed with a one-slope roof单披屋顶
50prop [prCp] vt. to support by placing something beneath or
against; shore up支撑，维持：We should prop up the fence.我们应该用东西支撑住这栅栏。
51tilt [tilt] vt. to slope; incline倾斜，倾倒：tilt a soup bowl把汤碗倾斜
52cower [5kauE] vi. crouch or huddle up, as from fear or cold（因害怕或寒冷而）蜷缩，退缩：The dog cowered
under the table when his master raised the whip.主人举起鞭子时，狗蜷缩在桌子下边。
53slant [slB:nt] v. to give a direction other than perpendicular
or horizontal to; make diagonal; cause to slope（使）倾斜，歪向
54hinge [hindV] n. a joint that holds two parts together so
that one can swing relative to the other铰链，折叶
55diminish [di5miniF] vt. to make smaller or
less or to cause to appear so减少，逐渐减小：diminish the cost of production减小生产成本
56thrust [WrQst] n. a forceful shove or push猛推：He thrust his hands into his
trouser pockets.他把双手插在裤子的口袋里。
57strew [stru:] vt. to spread here and there; scatter撒布，散播；被撒满（表面）：Autumn leaves
strewed the lawn.草地上撒满了秋叶。
58festoon [fes5tu:n] vt. to decorate with or as
if with festoons; hang festoons on结彩，用花彩装饰：a square festooned with electric lights张灯结彩的广场
59coil [kCil] v. to wind in concentric
rings or spirals盘绕，卷
60spaghetti [spE5^eti] n. a pasta made into long
solid strings and cooked by boiling实心面条
61salvation [sAl5veiFEn] n. preservation or
deliverance from destruction, difficulty, or evil救助，解救：Government loans have been the salvation of
several shaky business companies.政府贷款挽救了几家濒临倒闭的公司。
62canteen [kAn5ti:n] n. a temporary or mobile
eating place, especially one set up in an emergency赈灾处
63staffer [`stB:fE(r)] n. a member of a staff职员
64rake [reik] vi. to scrape or sweep; move forward swiftly掠过，迅速向前移动：rake the enemy lines
with machine-gun fire用机枪扫射敌人的防线
65rampage [5rAmpeidV] vi. to move about wildly
or violently横冲直撞：He
could not lie still, but rampaged up and down his bedroom.他不能静静地躺着，而在卧室里冲来撞去。
66rampaging [5rAmpeidVing] n. rushing violently or
wildly about狂乱，暴躁
67pitch [pitF] v. a) to throw something with a
lot of force, often aiming carefully投，扔，抛掷：He was pitching the ball.他正在投球。b) to fall or be
moved suddenly in a particular direction突然倒下：His foot was caught in a rock and he pitched forwards.他的脚被岩石绊了一下，身子就朝前倒下。
68incomprehensible [7inkCmpri5hensEbl] adj. difficult or
impossible to understand or comprehend; unintelligible不能理解的：incomprehensible jargon难以理解的行话
69wreckage [5rekidV] n. the debris of something
wrecked残骸
70salvage [5sAlvidV] vt. to save from loss or destruction抢救，打捞：salvage a sunken ship打捞沉船
71wrath [rC:W] n. forceful, often vindictive anger愤怒，愤慨：A soft answer turned away
wrath.和蔼的回答平息了愤怒。
72the blues [blu:z] n. a depressed, unhappy feeling沮丧，忧郁
73afflict [E5flikt] vt. to inflict grievous physical
or mental suffering on使痛苦，折磨：Famine and war still afflict mankind.饥饿和战争仍使人类遭受痛苦。[扩展]affliction n. 痛苦，苦恼/ afflictive adj. 苦恼的，带给人痛苦的
74weld [weld] vt. to join (metals) by applying heat,
sometimes with pressure and sometimes with an intermediate or filler metal
having a high melting point焊接，熔接：He welded the broken rod.他焊接一根断了的杆子。
75reflect [ri5flekt] v. a). to form an image of
(an object); mirror or manifest反映，表明：Her work reflects intelligence.她的工作显示出她的智慧。b). to think seriously; contemplate认真思考，深思熟虑：She reflects on her country’s place in history.她认真思考她的国家在历史上的地位。[扩展]reflection n. 反射，影像；沉思/ reflectible adj. 可反射的
二、课文精解
1 Trying to reason out the best course of
action…：短语reason
out意为“考虑各种可能性以找出解决办法”。例：The detective tried to reason out how the thief has escaped.侦探反复琢磨想弄明白窃贼是怎样逃走的。
2 We’re elevated 23 feet：此句释义为Our house is 23 feet higher above sea level
than the former house.
3 …and we’re a good 250 yards from
the sea：句中good意为“彻底的，着实的”，此处表达“足有250码”之意。
4 We can batten down and ride it out：句中batten down指“（船上）风暴来临前，用压条封住舱口以防进水”；ride
out常与weather，storm连用，意为“战胜风暴”。
5 …if she
and her two children could sit out the storm with the Koshaks：sit sth out指“坐着，直到……结束”。例：sit out a boring play耐着性子看完一出乏味的话剧。
6 Wind and rain now whipped the house：该句使用了“拟人”手法，whip指“人用鞭打，鞭笞”，此处用whip一词描述暴风雨，是为了突显其来势之凶。
7 …and
the group heard gun like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated：句中report一词，此处指“爆炸声”。例：The tyre bursts
with a loud report.轮胎砰的一声爆裂了。
8 Get us through the mess, will You：句中You指的是“the God”，短语get sb through sth意为“帮助某人通过（考试）、渡过（难关等）。”
9 To the west of Gulfport, the town of
Pass Christian was virtually wiped out：wipe out“彻底消灭或摧毁某事物”，例：The whole village was wiped out in the bombing raids.整座村庄在轰炸中被摧毁。
10 She carried on alone for a few bars;
then her voice trailed away：bar指“乐谱的一小节”；trail away指“说话声音逐渐减弱到不出声（尤指害羞、慌乱所致）”。
11 We can prop it up with our heads and
shoulders：短语prop
sth up指“支撑起某物，支住某物”。
12 the Salvation Army：救世军，是一个成立于1865年的基督教教派，以街头布道和慈善活动、社会服务著称。
13 By Tuesday, Charlie’s back had improved, and
he pitched in with Seabees：短语pitch in with意为“主动帮助或支持”。例：They pitched in with contributions of money.他们主动捐款支援此事。
14 But the blues did occasionally afflict
all the adults：句中the blues指“极其忧伤或沮丧的情绪”。
15 We lost practically all our
possessions, but the family came through it：come through指“（重病后）康复，（经某事物后）还活着”。例：With
such a weak heart, she was lucky to come through the operation.她心脏很弱，手术后能活下来就是万幸。
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