中山大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 中山大学国际翻译学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题

2. 2026年翻译硕士《211翻译硕士英语》考研真题与模拟题

考研指导书

1. 2026年翻译硕士《211翻译硕士英语》专用教材

2. 2026年翻译硕士《211翻译硕士英语》考研题库

中山大学国际翻译学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解

书籍目录

部分内容

2010年中山大学国际翻译学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

PART Ⅰ  GRAMMAR
& VOCABULARY [60 MIN] (1×30＝30 POINTS)

There are
thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or
phrases marked A, B, C and D. Please choose the correct answer that best
completes the sentence and mark your answers on the
answer sheet.

1. _____ in the past, at the moment it is a
favorite choice for wedding gown.

A. Unpopular has
as white been

B. Unpopular as
white has been

C. Unpopular has
been as white

D. White has
been as unpopular

【答案】B

【解析】句意：虽然白色在过去一直不受欢迎，但现在人们却喜欢选白色为其婚纱的颜色。此句为as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”“虽然”。通常从句要倒装，倒装的方法是将从句的表语或状语放在as之前，其余部分均按陈述句语序放在as后。原句的表语是“unpopular”，所以将它提前，答案为B项。

2. What the government should do urgently
is to take actions to _____ the economy.

A. brook

B. blush

C. brood

D. boost

【答案】D

【解析】句意：采取措施促进经济增长是政府急需做的事。boost促进，增加，使兴旺。brook（主要用于否定句）容忍，容许。blush（因害羞，尴尬等而）脸红。brood沉思，考虑。

3. Windstorms have recently established a
record which meteorologists hope will not be equaled for many years _____.

A. that will
come

B. to come

C. that are
coming

D. coming

【答案】B

【解析】句意：最近暴风的猛烈度已创记录之最，气象学家们预计未来几年都不会有如此猛烈的风暴。此处用不定式表示将来要发生的情况，所以B项正确。

4. We expect Mr. Smith will _____ Class One
when Miss White retires.

A. take to

B. take up

C. take off

D. take over

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我们期望白老师退休后史密斯先生将接管一班。take
over接管，接任（职位）。take
to开始从事；喜欢。take up占用（时间）。take off（飞机）起飞。

5. Tom hardly seems middle-aged, _____ old.

A. let alone

B. less likely

C. much worse

D. all else

【答案】A

【解析】句意：汤姆看起来不像已到中年，更不用说是像老年人了。let
alone更不必说。less
likely不太可能。much
worse更糟。

6. All was darkness _____ an occasional
glimmer in the distance.

A. except

B. no more than

C. besides

D. except for

【答案】D

【解析】句意：一片漆黑，除了远处偶尔有一点微光。except for除……以外，后面接名词。no more than仅仅，只有。besides除……，还有。except虽然也可以做“除……以外”来讲，但强调所排除的“不包括在内”，一般表示同类之间的关系；except for也表示“除……以外”，指对某种基本情况进行具体的细节方面的修正，后接词与主语不属同类。

7. The prospect of increased prices has
already _____ worries.

A. irritated

B. provoked

C. inspired

D. hoisted

【答案】B

【解析】句意：物价可能要升高，这已经引起了很多人的担心。provoke诱导，导致；激起。irritate使恼怒，使烦躁。inspire鼓舞，激励。hoist举起，升起。

8. Her father is so deaf that he has to use
a hearing_____.

A. aid

B. help

C. support

D. tool

【答案】A

【解析】句意：她父亲的听力如此差，以至于他不得不用听力助听器。a
hearing aid助听器，固定词组。

9. From the cheers and shouts of _____, I
guessed that she was winning the race.

A. stimulus

B. heartening

C. urging

D. encouragement

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我从鼓励的欢呼声中可猜出她赢了比赛。encouragement鼓励。stimulus刺激；刺激品。heartening鼓舞人心的，令人振奋的。urge催促；力劝。

10. Although the model looks good on the
surface, it will not bear close _____.

A. temperament

B. scrutiny

C. contamination

D. symmetry

【答案】B

【解析】句意：虽然这个模型表面上看起来很不错，但它经不起仔细的检查。scrutiny详细的检查，仔细的观察。temperament气质，性情。contamination污染。symmetry匀称，整齐。

11. It is the first book of this kind _____
I’ve ever read.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. when

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这是我读过的第一本这类型的书。本题考查定语从句中关系代词的选择。题中关系代词在从句中做宾语，故排除C，D项。而先行词是序数词或由序数词修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which，所以选B项。

12. The kid is reaching _____ a bottle from
the shelf when I came in.

A. to

B. for

C. at

D. in

【答案】B

【解析】句意：当我进来时，小孩正伸手拿书架上的瓶子。reach for伸手去拿。reach to达到。reach一般不与“in”和“at”搭配使用。

13. The police chief announced that the
case would soon be inquired _____.

A. into

B. of

C. after

D. about

【答案】A

【解析】句意：警察局长宣布说他们将很快展开对案情的调查。inquire
into调查。inquire
after问候。inquire
about询问，打听。

14. Her grandfather accidentally _____ fire
to the house.

A. put

B. set

C. took

D. got

【答案】B

【解析】句意：很意外，他祖父把房子点燃了。set fire to点燃，放火烧，是固定词组。

15. _____ can help but be fascinated by the
world into which he is taken by science fiction.

A. Anybody

B. Everybody

C. Somebody

D. Nobody

【答案】D

【解析】句意：科幻小说带他进入了另外一个世界，每个人都情不自禁地被这个世界所深深吸引。nobody can help but相当于everybody can’t help but，意思为“大家都情不自禁地……”。

16. The _____ outcome of the contest varies
from moment to moment.

A. apt

B. likely

C. liable

D. prone

【答案】B

【解析】句意：比赛结果可能每分钟都在变化。likely很可能的。apt易于……的。liable易患……的。prone有……倾向的。

17. Anyone going into a bar, whether they _____ suspicion or not,
will be asked to take a test, which highlights any drug use.

A. arise

B. rise

C. raise

D. arouse

【答案】D

【解析】句意：任何一个去酒吧的人，不管他引起怀疑与否，都将被要求进行检测，这突出了对吸毒进行控制的力度。arouse唤起，激起；叫醒。arise不及物动词，表示“升起；出现”。rise一般为不及物动词，表示“升高，增加”。raise及物动词，表示“举起，提升”。

18. His accent is _____ to people in that
small town.

A. typical

B. peculiar

C. characteristic

D. special

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他的口音是那个小镇上的人们所特有的。be peculiar
to特有的，独具的。be
typical of典型的。be
characteristic of特有的，独特的。special专门的。

19. Stealing a book or a toy is a minor
_____ which, if left uncorrected, will get worse.

A. offense

B. guilt

C. crime

D. sin

【答案】C

【解析】句意：偷书或偷玩具是一种未成年人犯罪，如果不被纠正，将来将会酿成大错。minor crime未成年人犯罪，固定词组。offense罪过，犯法（行为）。guilt犯罪；过失。sin罪，罪孽。

20. This book comes as a _____ to him who
learns a lot from it.

A. revelation

B. replacement

C. resolution

D. revolution

【答案】A

【解析】句意：这本书对他而言是一种启示，他从书中学到了很多。revelation启示，揭示。replacement代替，替换。resolution解决，解答。revolution革命。

21. He managed to save _____ he could to
tend the homeless boy,

A. what little
time

B. so little
time

C. such little
time

D. how little
time

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他努力节省他仅有的一点时间来照顾这个无家可归的男孩。“what little＋n.”表示“所仅有的……”，what后面接名词。

22. After reviewing the troops, _____ visiting general commented
that he had finally seen the kind of _____ soldier that the nation needs.

A. a; a

B. a; the

C. the; /

D. the; the

【答案】C

【解析】句意：检阅了军队之后，将军评论说他已从他们身上看到了国家所需的那种战士。visiting general在这里做主语，并且是特指那个将军，所以用定冠词。“the kind of＋名词”表示“……这一类的”，名词前不加冠词，所以选C项。

23. I never think of fall _____ I think of
the hardships I have experienced when I was a child.

A. that

B. when

C. but

D. and

【答案】B

【解析】句意：当我想起我小时候经历的困苦时，我就从不会让自己堕落。when引导时间状语从句。

24. Within decades, PAN-type research will transform the Internet
into the Life Net, a comprehensive _____ environment for human habitation.

A. sensory

B. sensible

C. sensitive

D. sensational

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在数十年内，个人局域网研究将会将因特网变成救生网，即一个全面合理的人类居住环境。sensible明智的，合情理的。sensory知觉的，感觉的。sensational引起轰动的，轰动社会的。sensitive敏感的；易受伤害的。

25. Outside people were cheering and awaiting the arrival of the New
Year while inside Harry was lying severely ill in bed feeling thoroughly _____.

A. ignoble

B. compassionate

C. unconscious

D. wretched

【答案】D

【解析】句意：人们正在外面欢呼，等待着新年的到来。而哈利却重病在床，他感到非常痛苦。wretched悲惨的，痛苦的。ignoble卑鄙的。compassionate有同情心的。unconscious不省人事的，失去知觉的。

26. For most companies and factories, the
fewer the injury _____, the better their workman’s insurance rate.

A. proclamations

B. confirms

C. declarations

D. claims

【答案】D

【解析】句意：对大部分公司或工厂而言，伤害索赔越少，员工的保险费率就越高。injury claim伤害索赔，是固定词组。proclamation宣布，公布。confirm证实，确认。declaration宣布，宣告。

27. I am _____ grateful for the many
kindnesses you have shown my son.

A. excessively

B. much

C. certainly

D. exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我非常感谢你能如此友善地对我儿子。exceedingly非常地；极度地。excessively过度地，极度地。certainly肯定地。

28. It was requested that all of the equipment
_____ in the agreed time.

A. erected

B. be erected

C. would be
erected

D. will be
erected

【答案】B

【解析】句意：所有的设备要求在议定时间安装好。“It was requested that …”中，从句要用虚拟语气“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

29. We will be losing money this year
unless that new economic plan of yours _____ miracle.

A. is working

B. works

C. will be
working

D. worked

【答案】B

【解析】句意：除非你的新经济规划能创造奇迹，否则我们就要遭受经济损失了。work造成，引起，激起。unless 引导的条件从句中，一般用一般现在时表示将来时。

30. Within two hours his complexion _____
colour and his limbs became warm.

A. took on

B. took to

C. took up

D. took down

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在两个小时内，他的面色呈现血色，手臂变得有温度了。take
on呈现。take to开始从事；喜欢。take up占用。take down拒绝。

PART Ⅱ  READING
COMPREHENSION [60 MIN] (1.5×20＋2×5＝40 POINTS)

In this
section there are five reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice
questions and 5 short-answer questions. Please read the passages and then write
your answers on the answer sheet.

TEXT A

Children as
young as four will study Shakespeare in a project being launched today by the
Royal Shakespeare Company.

The RSC is
holding its first national conference for primary school teachers to encourage
them to use the Bard’s plays imaginatively in the classroom from reception
classes onwards. The conference will be told that they should learn how
Shakespearian characters like Puck in A Midsummer Night’s Dream are “jolly
characters” and how to write about them.

At present, the
national curriculum does not require pupils to approach Shakespeare until
secondary school. All it says is that pupils should study “texts drawn from a
variety of cultures and traditions” and “myths, legends and traditional
stories”.

However,
educationists at the RSC believe children will gain a better appreciation of
Shakespeare if they are introduced to him at a much younger age. “Even very
young children can enjoy Shakespeare’s plays,” said Mary Johnson, head of the
learning department. “It is just a question of pitching it for the age group.
Even reception classes and key stage one pupils (five-to-seven-year-olds) can
enjoy his stories. “For instance, if you build up Puck as a character who
skips, children of that age can enjoy the character. They can be inspired by
Puck and they could even start writing about him at that age.”

It is the RSC’s
belief that building the Bard up as a fun playwright in primary school could
counter some of the negative images conjured up about teaching Shakespeare in
secondary schools. Then, pupils have to concentrate on scenes from the plays to
answer questions for compulsory English national-curriculum tests for 14-year-olds.
Critics of the tests have complained that pupils no longer have the time to
study or read the whole play—and therefore lose interest in Shakespeare.

However, Ms.
Johnson is encouraging teachers to present 20-minute versions of the plays—a
classroom version of the Reduced Shakespeare Company’s Complete Works of
Shakespeare (Abridged) which told his 37 plays in 97 minutes—to give pupils a
flavour of the whole drama.

The RSC’s
venture coincides with a call for schools to allow pupils to be more creative
in writing about Shakespeare. Professor Kate McLuskie, the new director of the
University of Birmingham’s Shakespeare Institute—also based in Stratford—said
it was time to get away from the idea that there was “a right answer” to any
question about Shakespeare. Her first foray into the world of Shakespeare was
to berate him as a misogynist in a 1985 essay but she now insists this should
not be interpreted as a criticism of his works—although she admits: “I probably
wouldn’t have written it quite the same way if I had been writing it now. What
we should be doing is making sure that someone is getting something out of
Shakespeare,” she said. “People are very scared about getting the right answer.
I know it’s difficult but I don’t care if they come up with a right answer that
I can agree with about Shakespeare.”

31. What is this passage mainly concerned
with?

A. How to give
pupils a flavor of Shakespeare drama.

B. The fun of
reading Shakespeare.

C. RSC project
will teach children how to write on Shakespeare.

D. RSC project
will help four-year-old children find the fun in Shakespeare.

32. What’s Puck’s characteristic according
to your understanding of the passage?

A. Rude, rush
and impolite.

B. Happy,
interesting and full of fun.

C. Dull, absurd
and ridiculous.

D. Shrewd,
cunning and tricky.

33. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The RSC
insists on teaching Shakespeare from the secondary school.

B. Pupils
should study “texts drawn from a variety of cultures and traditions” required by
the national curriculum.

C. The national
curriculum does not require pupils to approach Shakespeare until secondary
school now.

D. RSC believes children will gain a better appreciation of
Shakespeare if they are introduced to him at a much younger age.

34. Ms. Johnson encourages teachers to
present 20-minute versions of the plays in order to _____.

A. introduce
them into the world of Shakespeare

B. deal with
the final examination on Shakespeare

C. give pupils
a flavour of the whole drama

D. strengthen
the students with the knowledge of Shakespeare

35. Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph?

A. Professor
Kate McLuskie once scolded Shakespeare in her essay.

B. Professor
Kate McLuskie insisted on her view on Shakespeare till now.

C. Professor
Kate McLuskie has changed her idea now.

D. Ms. Kate thinks it was time to get away from the idea that there
was “a right answer” to any question about Shakespeare.

【答案与解析】

31. A  主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章都在讲RSC如何让孩子们更好学习莎士比亚作品的事，A项表述更全面。C，D只是其中一部分内容，不具有概括性。

32. B  细节题。文中第二段第二句提到，这次会议将会让学校的老师知道莎士比亚塑造的人物，如《第十二夜》中的Puck，都是一些有趣的人物，并让他们知道该如何描述这些人物。可见，文章认为Puck这个人物是有趣的。所以选B项。

33. A  第四段第一句提到，RSC的教育家们认为如果在孩子们还很小的时就让他们了解莎士比亚，他们会对莎士比亚的作品有更好的理解。可见，RSC是赞成早点教孩子们莎士比亚的作品的，而不是等孩子们到了初中才开始接触，所以A项的表述是错误的。

34. C  第六段最后一句说到，“to give pupils a
flavour of the whole drama”，可见，是为了让孩子们完整全面地了解戏剧，所以选项C正确。

35. B  此题可用排除法。从最后一段第三句“Her first foray into
the world of Shakespeare was to berate him as a misogynist … but she now
insists this should not be interpreted as a criticism of his works”可看出，她曾痛斥莎士比亚，但她现在认为那并不是对其作品的批评，所以A，C正确，B项错误。第二句提到“it was time to get away from the idea that there
was ‘a right answer’ to any question about Shakespeare”可见，D也正确。

TEXT B

Some believe
that in the age of identikit computer games, mass entertainment and conformity
on the supermarket shelves, truly inspired thinking has gone out of the window.
But, there are others who hold the view that there is still plenty of scope for
innovation, lateral thought and creative solutions. Despite the standardization
of modern life, there is an unabated appetite for great ideas, visionary
thinking and inspired debate. In the first of a series of monthly debates on
contemporary issues, we ask two original thinkers to discuss the nature of
creativity. Here is the first one.

Yes. Absolutely.
Since I started working as an inventor 10 or 12 years ago, I’ve seen a big
change in attitudes to creativity and invention. Back then, there was hardly
any support for inventors, apart from the national organization the Institute
of Patentees and Inventors. Today, there are lots of little inventors’ clubs
popping up all over the place, my last count was 19 nationally and growing.
These non-profit clubs, run by inventors for inventors, are an indication that
people are once again interested in invention.

I’ve been a
project leader, a croupier, an IT consultant and I’ve written a motor mandrel.
I spent my teens under a 1950s two-tone Riley RME ear, learning to put it
together. Back in the Sixties, kids like me were always out doing things,
making go-karts, riding bicycles or exploring. We learned to overcome
challenges and solve problems. We weren’t just sitting at a PlayStation, like
many kids do today.

But I think, and
hope, things are shifting back. There’s a lot more internal in design and creativity
and such talents are getting a much higher profile in the media. It’s evident
with TV programmes such as Channel 4’s Scrapheap Challenge or BBC2’s The
Apprentice and Dragon’s Den, where people are given a task to solve or face the
challenge of selling their idea to a panel.

And, thankfully,
the image of the mad scientist with electrified hair working in the garden shed
is long gone— although, there are still a few exceptions!

That’s not to
say there aren’t problems. With the decline in manufacturing we are losing the
ability to know how to make things. There’s a real skills gap developing. In my
opinion, the Government does little or nothing to help innovation at the
lone-inventor or small or medium enterprise level. I would love to see more
money spent on teaching our school kids how to be inventive. But, despite
everything, if you have a good idea and real determination, you can still do
very well.

My own
specialist area is packaging closures—almost every product needs it. I got the
idea for Squeezeopen after looking at an old tin of boot polish when my mother
complained she couldn’t get the lid off. If you can do something cheaper,
better, and you are 100 percent committed, there is a chance it will be a
success.

I see a
fantastic amount of innovation and opportunities out there. People don’t realize
how much is going on. New materials are coming out all the time and the space
programme and scientific research are producing a variety of spin-offs.
Innovation doesn’t have to be high-tech: creativity and inventing is about
finding the right solution to a problem, whatever it is. There’s a lot of
talent out there and, thankfully, some of the more progressive companies are
suddenly realizing they don’t want to miss out—it’s an exciting time.

36. What is the debate concerned with?

A. What should
we do to inspire people’s creativity?

B. Will people’s
invention and inspiration be exhausted in the future?

C. Is there
still a future for invention and inspiration?

D. Who will be
winner of the future technology?

37. According to the opinion of the
interviewer, _____.

A. the future
for invention depends

B. there is
still a future for invention and inspiration

C. there is no
future for invention and inspiration in modern society

D. the future
for invention and inspiration is unclear

38. Which of the following is NOT true about the kids in the sixties?

A. Out doing
things, making go-karts.

B. Riding
bicycle and exploring.

C. Sitting
before computers to play games.

D. Like to
overcome challenges and solve problems.

39. Which of the following is the
suggestion of the interviewer to the problem?

A. The
government should spend more money helping innovation.

B. The kids
should cultivate their love of science and invention.

C. More
inventors’ clubs should be set up.

D. Invention
courses are necessary to children.

40. What’s the central idea of the last
paragraph?

A. We should
miss out the exciting time.

B. A variety of
spin-offs ate produced by the scientific research.

C. The nature
of innovation.

D. The nature
of talent.

【答案与解析】

36. C  从第一段的前两句可知，一些人认为在当今这个电脑游戏，大众传媒以及超市集聚的时代，真正的创新思维已经不存在了。但也有人认为仍有很大的创新空间。可见，争论的问题主要是是否还有进一步创新与发明创造的空间。选项C正确。

37. B  第二段最后一句提到“These non-profit
clubs, run by inventors for inventors, are an indication that people are once
again interested in invention.”这个人认为那些小型非盈利性质的俱乐部正暗示出人们又一次地对创新发明燃起兴趣。可见，其认为发明创新还是仍有发展空间的。所以选B。

38. C  第三段第三句提到“Back in the Sixties,
kids like me were always out doing things, making go-karts, riding bicycles or
exploring. We learned to overcome challenges and solve problems.”可见，A，B，D都有说到，所以选C项。

39. A  第六段倒数第二局提到“I would love to see
more money spent on teaching our school kids how to be inventive.”可见，这个人期望政府在教育孩子创新发明方面加大投资，所以选A。

40. C  段落大意题。文中讲到创新不一定非得是高科技的，只要是针对问题找到的解决办法都可称作发明创新，这就是发明创新的本质所在。所以选C。

TEXT C

For the
executive producer of a network nightly news programme, the workday often
begins at midnight as mine did during seven years with ABC’s evening newscast.
The first order of business was a call to the assignment desk for a pre-bedtime
rundown of latest developments.

The assignment
desk operates 24 hours a day, staffed by editors who move crews, correspondents
and equipment to the scene of events. Assignment-desk editors ate logistics
experts; they have to know plane schedules, satellite availability, and whom to
get in touch with at local stations and overseas broadcasting systems. They are
required to assess stories as they break on the wire services—sometimes even
before they do and to decide how much effort to make to cover those stories.

When the United
States was going to appeal to arms against Iraq, the number of correspondents
and crews was constantly evaluated. Based on reports from the field and also
upon the skilled judgments of desk editors in New York City, the right number
of personnel was kept on the alert. The rest were allowed to continue working
throughout the world, in America and Iraq ready to move but not tied down by
false alarms.

The studio staff
of ABC’s “World News Tonight” assembles at 9 a.m. to prepare for the 6:30 “air”
p.m. deadline. Overnight dispatches from outlying bureaus and press services
are read. There are phone conversations with the broadcast’s staff producers in
domestic bureaus and with the London bureau senior producer, who coordinates
overseas coverage. A pattern emerges for the day’s news, a pattern outlined in
the executive producer’s first lineup. The lineup tells the staff what stories
are scheduled; what the priorities are for processing film of editing tape;
what scripts need to be written; what commercials ate scheduled; how long stories
should run and in what order. Without a lineup, there would be chaos.

Each story’s
relative value in dollars and cents must be continually assessed by the
executive producer. Cutting back satellite booking to save money might mean
that an explanation delivered by an anchor person will replace actual photos of
an event. A decline in live coverage could send viewers away and drive ratings
down, but there is not enough money to do everything. So decisions must be made
and made rapidly—because delay can mean a missed connection for shipping tape
or access to a satellite blocked by a competitor.

The broadcasts
themselves require pacing and style. The audience has to be allowed to breathe
between periods of intense excitement. A vivid pictorial report followed by
less exacting materials allows the viewer to reflect on information that has
just flashed by. Frequent switches from one anchor to another or from one film
or tape report to another create a sense of forward movement. Ideally, leading
and lags to stories are worked out with field correspondents, enabling them to
fit their reports into the programme’s narrative flow so the audience’s
attention does not wander and more substance is absorbed.

Scripts are
constantly rewritten to blend well with incoming pictures. Good copy is crisp,
informative. Our rule: the fewer words the better. If a picture can do the
work, let it.

41. What does the word “rundown” (Para.1)
possibly mean?

A. The
rehearsal of tomorrow’s programme.

B. A working
report or summary to his superior or head.

C. An
explanation of the programme.

D. Preparation
for the programme.

42. What is the function of the third
paragraph?

A. To
illustrate the important role and function of the assignment desk.

B. To give us a
brief introduction of their working conditions.

C. To exemplify
the cooperation of all sections in the company.

D. To emphasize
the mission of the correspondents.

43. All the following can be employed to
make the report more effective EXCEPT _____.

A. providing
more vivid pictures and details

B. changing the
style to cater for the audience’s appetite

C. more live
coverage to replace the linguistic explanation

D. interval
shifts of the materials of the coverage

44. What will the executive producer mostly
be concerned with?

A. The cost and
the effect.

B. The truth of
the coverage.

C. The audience’s
interest.

D. The form of
the coverage.

45. What is the text mainly about?

A. Ways to cut
down the cost of the coverage,

B. How to make
the report more attractive.

C. To describe
the work of the executive producer.

D. To introduce
the style and features of the news programme.

【答案与解析】

41. B  词义推断题。监制人工作的第一项就是要听一个最近工作进展情况的汇报。选项B正确。

42. A  文中第二段讲assignment desk的作用以及assignment-desk editors要做的事，第三段就举美国的例子来说明这一点，可见选项A正确。

43. B  本题可用排除法。倒数第二段第二句提到“A vivid pictorial
report followed by less exacting …”可见插入图片是有效的，排除A项。第五段第三句提到“A decline in live coverage could send viewers away
and drive ratings down”现场报道的减少可能会使收视率降低，这也就从反面说明现场报道而不只是口头解释会更有效，故排除C项。倒数第二段第四句提到“Frequent switches
from one anchor to another or from one film or tape report to another create a
sense of forward movement.”频繁地从一个节目跳到另一个会产生一种“前向运动”的感觉。这也从反面说明报道中间隔的休息也是必要的，选项D也可排除。所以选B。

44. D  细节题。第四段的倒数第三句提到“A pattern emerges
for the day’s news, a pattern outlined in the executive producer’s first
lineup.”新闻的形式是监制人最在乎的事。pattern与form同义。所以选D。

45. C  第一段第一句提到“监制人的工作从半夜就要开始”，然后下文又具体介绍了监制人的职责，所以文章主要是描述了监制人的工作情况，选C。

TEXT D

It’s nothing new
that English use is on the rise around the world, especially in business
circles. This also happens in France, the headquarters of the global battle
against American cultural hegemony. If French guys are giving in to English,
something really big must be going on. And something big is going on.

Partly, it’s
that American hegemony. Didier Benchimol, CEO of a French e-commerce software
company, feels compelled to speak English perfectly because the Internet
software business is dominated by Americans. He and other French businessmen
also have to speak, English because they want to get their message out to
American investors, possessors of the world’s deepest pockets.

The triumph of
English in France and elsewhere in Europe, however, may rest on something more
enduring. As they become entwined with each other politically and economically,
Europeans need a way to talk to one another and to the rest of the world. And
for a number of reasons, they’ve decided upon English as their common tongue.

So when German
chemical and pharmaceutical company Hoechst merged with French competitor
Rhone-Poulenc last year, the companies chose the vaguely Latinate Aventis as
the new company name—and settled on English as the company’s common language.
When monetary policymakers from around Europe began meeting at the European
Central Bank in Frankfurt last year to set interest rates for the new Euroland,
they held their deliberations in English. Even the European Commission, with 11
official languages and a traditionally French-spiriting bureaucracy,
effectively switched over to English as its working language last year.

How did this
happen? One school attributes English’s great success to the sheer weight of
its merit. It’s a Germanic language, brought to Britain around the fifth
century A.D. During the four centuries of French-speaking rule that followed
Norman Conquest of 1066, the language morphed into something else entirely.
French words were added wholesale, and most of the complications of Germanic
grammar were shed while few of the complications of French were added. The
result is a language with a huge vocabulary and a simple grammar that can
express most things more efficiently than either of its parents. What’s more,
English has remained ungoverned and open to change—foreign words, coinages, and
grammatical shifts—in a way that French, ruled by the purist Académie
Francaise, has not.

So it’s a swell
language, especially for business. But the rise of English over the past few
centuries clearly owes at least as much to history and economies as to the
language’s ability to economically express the concept win-win. What happened
is that the competition—first Latin, then French, then, briefly, German—faded
with the waning of the political, economic, and military fortunes of,
respectively, the Catholic Church, France, and Germany. All along, English was
increasing in importance: Britain was the birthplace of the Industrial
Revolution, and London the world’s most important financial center, which made
English a key language for business. England’s colonies around the world also
made it the language with the most global reach. And as that former colony the
U.S. rose to the status of the world’s preeminent political, economic, military,
and cultural power, English became the obvious second language to learn.

In the 1990s
more and more Europeans found themselves forced to use English. The last
generation of business and government leaders who hadn’t studied English in
school was leaving the stage. The European Community was adding new members and
evolving from a paper-shuffling club into a serious regional government that
would need a single common language if it were ever to get anything done.
Meanwhile, economic barriers between European nations have been disappearing,
meaning that more and more companies are beginning to look at the whole
continent as their domestic market. And then the Internet came along.

The Net had two
big impacts. One was that it was an exciting, potentially lucrative new
industry that had its roots in the U.S., so if you wanted to get in on it, you
had to speak some English. The other was that by surfing the Web, Europeans who
had previously encountered English only in school and in pop songs were now
coming into contact with it daily.

None of this
means English has taken over European life. According to the European Union,
47% of Western Europeans (including the British and Irish) speak English well
enough to carry on a conversation. That’s a lot more than those who can speak
German (32%) or French (28%), but it still means more Europeans don’t speak the
language. If you want to sell shampoo or cell phones, you have to do it in
French or German or Spanish or Greek. Even the U.S. and British media companies
that stand to benefit most from the spread of English have been hedging their
bets—CNN broadcasts in Spanish; the Financial Times has recently launched a
daily German-language edition.

But just look at
who speaks English: 77% of Western European college student, 69% of managers,
and 65% of those aged 15 to 24. In the secondary schools of the European Union’s
non-English-speaking countries, 91% of students study English, all of which
means that the transition to English as the language of European business hasn’t
been all that traumatic, and it’s only going to get easier in the future.

46. In the author’s opinion, what really
underlies the rising status of English in France and Europe is _____.

A. American
dominance in the Internet software business

B. a practical
need for effective communication among Europeans

C. Europeans’
eagerness to do business with American businessmen

D. the recent
trend for foreign companies to merge with each other

47. Europeans began to favour English for
all the following reasons EXCEPT its _____.

A. inherent
linguistic properties

B. association
with the business world

C. links with
the United States

D. disassociation
from political changes

48. Which of the following statements
forecasts the continuous rise of English in the future?

A. About half
of Western Europeans are now proficient in English.

B. U.S. and
British media companies are operating in Western Europe.

C. Most
secondary school students in Europe study English.

D. Most
Europeans continue to use their own language.

49. The passage has discussed the rise in
English use on the Continent from the following perspectives EXCEPT _____.

A. economics

B. national
security

C. the
emergence of the Internet

D. the changing
functions of the European Community

50. The passage mainly examines the factors
related to _____.

A. the rising
status of English in Europe

B. English
learning in non-English-speaking E.U. nations

C. the
preference for English by European businessmen

D. the switch
from French to English in the European Commission

【答案与解析】

46. B  第三段第二句提到“…Europeans need a
way to talk to one another and to the rest of the world.”欧洲人需要一种方式进行彼此间及与其他国家的交流。所以B正确。

47. D  本题可用排除法。第五段最后一句提到“What’s more, English
has remained ungoverned and open to change …”可见，英语本身比法语有语言上的优势，排除A项。第六段倒数第三句“…which made English
a key language for business”可见商业也是英语兴起的一个原因，故排除B项。第二段以一句提到“Partly, it’s that American hegemony.”可见，英语的兴起与美国有关系，故排除C项。

48. C  文中最后一段提到“In the secondary
schools of the European Union’s non-English-speaking countries, 91% of students
study English, …in the future.”可从中看出，欧洲的大部分中学生在学习英语，这也预示着未来英语的继续盛行。C项正确。

49. B  本题可用排除法。第六段倒数第三句“…which made English
a key language for business”可见商业经济也是英语兴起的一个原因，排除A。倒数第四段第三句提到“European Community”带来的影响，排除D。倒数第三段提到“net”的影响，故排除C。

50. A  主旨大意题。文中从第二段起就开始依次分析了英语在欧洲兴起的经济、语言、社会等各方面的因素，所以A项正确。

TEXT E

The role of
governments in environmental management is difficult but inescapable.
Sometimes, the state tries to manage the resources it owns, and does so badly.
Often, however, governments act in an even more harmful way. They actually
subsidise the exploitation and consumption of natural resources. A whole range
of policies, from farm-price support to protection for coal-mining, do
environmental damage and (often) make no economic sense. Scrapping them offers
a two-fold bonus: a cleaner environment and a more efficient economy. Growth
and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the
courage to confront the vested interest that subsidies create.

No activity
affects more of the earth’s surface than farming. It shapes a third of the
planet’s land area, not counting Antarctica, and the proportion is rising.
World food output per head has risen by 4 per cent between the 1970s and 1980s
mainly as a result of increases in yields from land already in cultivation, but
also because more land has been brought under the plough.

All these
activities may have damaging environmental impacts. For example, land clearing
for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation; chemical
fertilizers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more intensive
farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion;
and the spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have
been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which
might have provided some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil
erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The
United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered
in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate
likely to diminish the soil’s productivity. The country subsequently embarked
upon a programme to convert 11 percent of its cropped land to meadow or forest.
Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America.

Government
policies have frequently compounded the environmental damage that farming can
cause. In the rich countries, subsidies for growing crops and price supports
for farm output drive up the price of land. In the late 1990s and early 1990s
some efforts were made to reduce farm subsidies. The most dramatic example was
that of New Zealand, which scrapped most farm support in 1984. A study of the
environmental effects, conducted in 1993, found that the end of fertilizer
subsidies had been followed by a fall in fertilizer use (a fall compounded by
the decline in world commodity prices, which cut farm incomes). The removal of
subsidies also stopped land-clearing and overstocking, which in the past had
been the principal causes of erosion. Farms began to diversify. The one kind of
subsidy whose removal appeared to have been bad for the environment was the
subsidy to manage soil erosion.

In less
enlightened countries, and in the European Union, the trend has been to reduce
rather than eliminate subsidies, and to introduce new payments to encourage
farmers to treat their land in environmentally friendlier ways, or to leave it
fallow. It may sound strange but such payments need to be higher than the
existing incentives for farmers to grow food crops. Farmers, however, dislike
being paid to do nothing. In several countries they have become interested in
the possibility of using fuel produced from crop residues either as a
replacement for petrol (as ethanol) or as fuel for power stations (as biomass).
Such fuels produce far less carbon dioxide than coal or oil, and absorb carbon
dioxide as they grow. They are therefore less likely to contribute to the
greenhouse effect. But they are rarely competitive with fossil fuels unless
subsidised and growing them does no less environmental harm than other crops.

A result of the
Uruguay Round of world trade negotiations is likely to be a reduction of 36
percent in the average levels of farm subsidies paid by the rich countries in 1986-1990.
Some of the world’s food production will move from Western Europe to regions
where subsidies are lower or nonexistent, such as the former communist
countries and parts of the developing world. Some environmentalists worry about
this outcome. It will undoubtedly mean more pressure to convert natural habitat
into farmland. But it will also have many desirable environmental effects. The
intensity of farming in the rich world should decline, and the use of chemical
inputs will diminish. Crops are more likely to be grown in the environments to
which they are naturally suited. And more farmers in poor countries will have
the money and the incentive to manage their land in ways that are sustainable
in the long run. That is important. To feed an increasingly hungry world,
farmers need every incentive to use their soil and water effectively and
efficiently.

51. What did the research completed in 1982
find?

【答案】The research found that about one-fifth of United States’ farmland
was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil’s productivity.

52. What increased in New Zealand after
1984?

【答案】The removal of subsidies.

53. Why does the author refer to some rich
countries as being “less enlightened” than New Zealand?

【答案】Because in these countries, rather than eliminate subsides, they
reduce or introduce new payments to encourage farmers to treat their land in
environmentally friendlier ways, or to leave it fallow. However, such payments
need to be higher than the existing incentives for farmers to grow food crops.
Farmers, however, dislike being paid to do nothing.

54. What does the author believe that the
Uruguay Round agreements on trade will achieve?

【答案】The author believes that it is likely to be a reduction of 36
percent in the average levels of farm subsidies paid by the rich countries in
1986-1990.

55. What do you think the most suitable
title for this passage could be?

【答案】Environmental management

PART Ⅲ  WRITING [60
MIN] (1×30＝30 POINTS)

Please write a
composition of 400 words on the following topic:

Some people believe that visitors to other countries should
follow local customs and behavior. Others disagree and think that the host
country should welcome cultural differences. Discuss both these views and give
your own opinion.

Marks will be
awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to
follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.

【参考范文】

Follow the Local Customs?

When tourists
visit other countries or regions, one problem will appear. It is whether the
tourists should follow the local customs and behaviors or not.

Some people
believe that visitors to other countries should follow the local customs and
behaviors. Firstly, “do as the Romans do when in Rome”. In fact, one reason of
our trip is to experience the different culture of other countries. This needs
us to follow and join in the local customs and we will get more joy. For
example, if we step into the Western America, what we should do is riding the
horse and regarding ourselves as a cowboy, lying on the farm and enjoying the
country music. Secondly, we should respect the local customs and behaviors; if
not, we will be trapped into the troublesome. In India, if a tourist doesn’t
respect the cattle, I think, he will experience a bad trip. So if we want to
get a wonderful trip, we should follow the local customs and behaviors.

Others disagree
and think that the host country should welcome cultural differences. This is
also true and right. It is very difficult to get used to another country’s
customs and what is necessary is the cultural differences. So the host country
should welcome cultural differences. For instance: If a Muslim comes into
China, we can’t force him to eat pork. The other example: It will be
uncomfortable and disgusted for some people from inland to accept the sea food.
And some customs or behaviors are not suitable for tourists to follow. For
example: When we go on a trip in a tribe of the Southern Africa, we may have
the opportunity to see their characteristic festivals. Sometimes, they need
swallow a snake to celebrate the festivals. That’s very terrible and I think
that is dangerous for tourists to follow. So we should respect the tourists’
customs and behaviors too. The host country can’t force the tourists.

In my opinion,
the tourists should respect the local customs and behaviors. Similarly, the
host country should welcome cultural differences. The most important thing is
to respect each other and achieve the balance and harmony. I have a friend; she
is now in Si Chuan University. She told me: Though I know Stinky tofu (Smelly
tofu) is very delicious, I still have no appetite to eat it. When I was faced
with the Si Chuan black smelly tofu, I nearly passed out. I know it is still
difficult for her to follow the customs of Si Chuan people completely.
Fortunately, she need not eat it imperatively. Finally, let me share you a
joke: If an English gentleman as a visitor comes into my home. He can enjoy the
delicious Chinese traditional food and he also can give thanks before this
meal. This is a joke, but interesting. It simplify tells us the biggest
happiness is harmony.

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