浙江工商大学820翻译与写作考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 浙江工商大学外国语学院《820翻译与写作》历年考研真题汇总（含部分答案）

2. 全国名校英汉互译考研真题

考研指导书

1. 冯庆华《实用翻译教程》（第3版）配套题库（含考研真题）

浙江工商大学外国语学院《820翻译与写作》历年考研真题汇总（含部分答案）

书籍目录

部分内容

2007年浙江工商大学《420翻译与写作》考研真题及详解

Part One
Translation（90分/150）

1 Translate the
Following English into Chinese (20分):

In other words,
American literature is to our eyes a curious amalgam of familiar and strange. America is, of course, an extension of Europe in Europe’s expansionist phase. It has been peopled
mainly by Europeans. The “involuntary immigrants”—Negro slaves—from Africa are
an exception, and their presence has modified American society. But in general the
United States was founded upon European, and especially British, precedents.
Culturally speaking, America might be called a European colony.

However, to say
so is to draw attention to the complexity of the American scene. No other
colony has been so heterogeneously populated, or so long politically independent
of Europe. No other country whose origins lie in Europe has had so sharp an
awareness of its cleavage from, and superiority to, the parent cultures.
Running through American history, and therefore through American literature, is
a double consciousness of Old World modes and New World possibilities.
Yesterday has been dismissed and pined for: tomorrow has been invoked and
dreaded. It has not been the most favorable of situations for the production of
literature.

【参考译文】

换句话说，我们认为，美国文学把我们所熟悉的陌生的东西奇妙地结合起来了。美国当然是欧洲向外扩展时期的外延，欧洲人是主要的移民。非洲被强迫而来的移民——黑奴——是个例外，这些人的到来使美国社会有了变化，不过大体上美国是按照欧洲，特别是英国的先例建立的。就文化而言，美国可以说是欧洲的一个殖民地。

这样说是要人们注意到美国社会的复杂性。其他殖民地的居民成分没有如此复杂，政治上脱离欧洲也没有如此长久。没有一个起源于欧洲的国家，像它这样敏锐地意识到要和欧洲文化分家，而且要超过欧洲文化。贯穿美国历史的，也就是贯穿美国文学的，是一种双重意识；既眷恋旧大陆的文明，又憧憬新大陆的前程。昨日已成过去，但也值得留恋；明天已经在望，但也令人惴惴不安。这不是一个最适合文学创作的环境。

2 Translate the
Following into English (25分):

恋爱是人类生活的中心，孟子说：“食色性也。”所谓恋爱正是天赋之本能；如一生不了解恋爱的人，他又何能了解整个的人生？所以凡事都从学习而知而能，只有恋爱用不着学习，只要到了相当的年龄，碰到合适的机会，他和她便会莫名其妙地恋爱起来。

恋爱人人都会，可是不见得人人都懂，世俗大半以性欲伪充恋爱，以游戏的态度处置恋爱，于是我们时刻可看到因恋爱而不幸的记载。实在的恋爱绝不是游戏，它具有引人向上的鞭策力，它更是美丽的象征。

在一双男女正纯情热爱着的时候，他和她内心充实着惊人的力量：他们的灵魂是从万有的束缚中，得到了自由，不怕威胁，不为利诱，他们是超越了现实，而创造他们理想的乐园。

【参考译文】

Romantic love is
the core of human life. Mencius says, “The desire for food and sex is nature.”
In other words, love is innate. If one remains a lifelong stranger to love, how
can he thoroughly understand life? Man becomes capable through learning. But
love is an exception. Boy and girl, when they are of age and meet at an
opportune moment, will become mysteriously attached to each other.

Though people
love by instinct, yet all cannot understand it correctly. More often than not,
love is but carnal desire and is treated as a mere game. That is why we so
often hear tragic stories of love. True love is not a game. Nor can its true
value be appreciated by the morally degenerate. True love spurs one on to
higher attainment. It embodies the supreme quality of selflessness, and is,
above all, symbolic of beauty.

When a man and
woman are deeply immersed in true love, they are full of amazing inner
strength. Their souls are freed from all bondage. They are unyielding before
threats and incorruptible before any promise of material gain. They transcend
the reality to create an ideal paradise of their own.

3 Translate the
Following Business English into Chinese (20分):

The outstanding
marketing advantage of a small business over a large one is its closeness to
its customers. Many small-business owners cater to a devoted group of customers
by stocking special goods and personalizing services for them. By furnishing
more and better services, the small business often can compete effectively with
a large one. These services include deliveries, phone orders, gift wrapping,
check cashing, credit, and a merchandise-on-approval program.

Among the
marketing weakness of small firms are inadequate sales programs, lack of
effective advertising programs, inadequate inventory control, and purchasing
and pricing disadvantages. For example, many small businesses employ only
part-time salespersons. Their sales presentations often are incomplete and
ineffective because the only sales training these salespersons receive is from
representatives of wholesalers and other suppliers.

Many small firms
lack both the creative talent and the money for an effective advertising program.
In most cases they cannot afford to use an advertising agency. They rely mainly
on satisfied customers to spread the message about their goods and services.
When they advertise, they do so only in the classified section of the
newspapers and in the Yellow Pages of the telephone directory. As a result,
they are unable to evaluate the effectiveness of their advertising.

【参考译文】

与大企业相比，小企业最突出的营销优势是与客户的密切关系。许多小企业主通过提供特殊商品和个性化服务来培养一群忠实顾客。通过提供更多更好的服务，小企业往往可以有效地与大企业竞争。这些服务包括送货、电话订购、礼品包装、支票兑现、信用卡和试销体验。

小公司的营销弱点包括销售计划不充分、缺乏有效的广告计划、库存控制不足以及采购定价劣势。例如，许多小企业的销售都是兼职人员。他们的销售报告一般都不完整，又没有效果，因为这些销售人员接受过的唯一销售培训是来自批发商和其他供应商的代表。

许多小公司既缺乏创意人才，又缺乏有效的广告资金。在大多数情况下，他们请不起广告公司。他们主要依靠对其满意的顾客来宣传他们商品和服务。他们就算做广告也只是在报纸的分类栏和电话簿的黄页上做。因此，他们无法评估广告是否有效。

4 Please Translate the
Following Chinese into English (25分):

随着国际贸易的发展，贸易与环境的关系问题日益引起世界各国的重视。1995年世界贸易组织（WTO）成立后，就建立了贸易与环境委员会（CTE）。其主要宗旨是“明确贸易措施与环境措施之间的关系以促进可持续发展；对多边贸易体系条款是否需要修改提出适当建议，这些建议必须与多边贸易体系的公开、公正、非歧视性原则相一致。”

2001年多哈召开的WTO第四届部长级会议上，在欧盟的积极推动下，经过激烈谈判，在会议最后一刻将贸易与环境问题列入了新一轮多边贸易谈判。WTO成员国从此对贸易与环境议题展开谈判。

中国政府高度重视贸易与环境问题，积极参与了WTO贸易与环境议题谈判，并分别在2003年7月和2004年6月的CTE特会上提交了两份提案，为推动谈判进展做出了技术性贡献。

【参考译文】

With the
development of international trade, the issue of the relationship between trade
and environment has become the concern of countries all over the world. The
World Trade Organization (WTO) established a Committee on Trade and Environment
(CTE) when it was launched in 1995. The CTE’s main mandates are “to identify
the relationship between trade measures and environmental measures, in order to
promote sustainable development, and to make appropriate recommendations on
whether any modifications of the provisions of the multilateral trading system
are required, compatible with the open, equitable and non-discriminatory nature
of the system.”

Largely pushed
by the EC, the trade and environmental issue was adopted as the new round
multilateral trade negotiations at the very last minute after heated debates at
the 4^th WTO Ministerial Conference held in Doha in November 2001. It
was then decided that the WTO Members shall negotiate on the trade and
environmental issue.

The Chinese
government attaches great importance to trade and environmental issues and has
been actively participating in the negotiations. China brought forward two
submissions to the CTE Special Session in July 2003 and June 2004 respectively,
and made its technical contributions in pushing forward the negotiations.

Part Two Writing
(60分/150)

1 Read The Following Passage And Then Write A
Coherent Essay To Answer The Question Given. You Are Required To Express Your
Viewpoints Clearly And Logically Within 200 Words (20分):

A City’s Traffic Plans and China’s Car Culture

SHANGHAI, July 9—When
officials drew up the blueprints for the redesign of this city in the early
1980s, nary a skyscraper punctuated the low-slung horizon, whose buildings
mostly dated from the decades of Western control early in the last century.

The hugely
ambitious plans called for Shanghai to be built anew. And among the top
priorities in a city previously dominated by bicycles was avoiding the most
common plagues of the automobile age—unmanageable traffic and unbearable
pollution.

As people in
this richest of Chinese cities have grown more and more affluent, they have
displayed an American-style passion for the automobile. But for Shanghai, as
for much of China, getting rich and growing attached to cars have increasingly
gone hand in hand, and have produced side effects familiar in cities that have
long been addicted to automobiles—from filthy air and stressful, marathon
commutes to sharply rising oil consumption.

The country’s
top environmental officials have warned of ecological and economic doom if China continues to follow this pattern. But in cities like Shanghai, where automobiles
account for 70 percent to 80 percent of air pollution, nothing seems capable of
stopping, or even slowing, the rapid rise of a car culture.

This is not for
lack of trying. But the traffic efforts have been coupled with a major
expansion of the public transportation system, which comprises gleaming new
subways and the world’s fastest train, a magnetic levitation vehicle that zips
to the airport in under 10 minutes.

The steep growth
in automobile traffic here, however, seems to mock the city’s efforts. The
original blueprints for a major expansion of Shanghai’s road network, drawn up
two decades ago, predicted that Shanghai would pass the threshold of two
million cars in 2020. In fact, that figure was reached last November.

Meanwhile, the
city is expanding its subway grid well beyond the 310 miles of track first
planned. Two new lines are being added to the original 15, along with another
192 miles of track. Even so, the subway system, gleaming and clean though it
is, is one area where traffic has failed to meet projections, with less than
half the expected ridership on some lines. The reason, experts say, is that
there are not enough trains, resulting in overcrowding which further encourages
people to ride in cars.

Question:

What is China’s car culture according to the author and what is your
understanding of car culture in China?

【参考答案】

The author thinks
that as rich people have grown more and more affluent,
they have displayed an American-style passion for the automobile. When people
get rich, they all want to buy a car. That’s car culture.

In my opinion,
sometimes, car culture is a little ridiculous and unnecessary. On one hand,
frankly, there is no need to buy a car in those richest cities. If you want to
go out, taking underground is faster and safer. Imagine that you’re in a hurry
to go to a job interview; you know you would miss it if you fail to get there
on time. And then your car broke down or caught in a traffic jam. Then you may
call it a tragedy. On the other hand, the increasing number of cars does
contribute to the air pollution. Why must we spend our money in making our
environment less livable?

2 Write An Essay Within
400 Words On The Following Topic (40分):

“It is
inevitable that as technology develops traditional cultures must be lost. Technology and tradition are incompatible—you cannot have both
together.”

To what extent
do you agree or disagree with this statement? Please argue and support your
viewpoints.

【参考范文】

With the
development of technology, some people say that traditional cultures must be
lost. They believe that “Technology and tradition are incompatible—you cannot
have both together.” As far as I’m concerned, I disagree with this statement.
In my opinion, technology is like the hardware of a computer and culture is
like the software. The traditional culture is the basis of Chinese culture.
Technology and tradition can be compatible if we human guide them in a
compatible way.

We can’t deny
that technological development does seem to drive away some outdated
traditional cultures. We can see these replacements from daily life. For
example, farming machines have replaced the traditional agricultural methods,
which increase the efficiency of the sowing and reaping process of agriculture.
What’s more, the traditional ethics “the three obedience and four virtues imposed
on women” was also wiped out because of the new technological age.

However, those
excellent traditional cultures will never be lost. Instead, they can be
enhanced and updated by technology. In ancient times, children had to recite
those classical books even they couldn’t understand. While nowadays, many
classical books are adapted into lots of cartoons and movies. So children can
enjoy themselves at the same time of studying traditional virtues. When they
grow up and are capable of reading original classic books, they can read them.
Another example is about the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In old days,
it’s very inconvenient for it involved complicated preparation. Thanks to
medical technologies, ready-made TCM products are available now, reviving the
beauty of Chinese medical traditions.

In sum,
technology does cause the loss of certain traditional cultures in a way that “fittest
culture survives” and yet compatibility between the two is easy to identify if
we guide them properly. Therefore, it is one-sided to assume that traditional
cultures inevitable die out as technology develops.

【解析】

本文围绕“科学技术与传统文化能否互相调和”进行论述。文章第一段简要介绍了这一话题并给出作者自己的看法。第二段第三段通过举例说明了：只要人类调节引导得当，两者是能够共存的。最后一段总结全文，重申观点。

更多内容，请点击获取：
http://shuyue.100xuexi.com/Ebook/971429.html