首都师范大学241二外英语考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

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首都师范大学外国语学院《241二外英语》历年考研真题AI讲解

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2001年首都师范大学241二外英语考研真题及详解

Part Ⅰ　Cloze
(20 %)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, for each blank there
are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE answer that
best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer
Sheet.

When the Misses
Norris called on little Mrs. Fosdyke (1) _____ her house in Parker Street, she
(2) _____ the door, dressed for going out. They apologized in their quiet,
well-bred way and said they would (3) _____ again. But Mrs. Fosdyke asked them
(4) _____ the house. “Actually, I’ve just come in.” she said. “A minute or two
earlier and you (5) _____ me in the street.”

It was (6) _____
that the Misses Norris realized that Mrs. Fosdyke was dressed in black, the hat
bought from a shop but the coat probably (7) _____ on her own machine.

As if reading
their (8) _____, she said, “I’ve just been (9) _____ a funeral.” and the Misses
Norris murmured “Oh?” for no one they knew (10) _____ during the past week.

They sat down,
the elder Miss Norris on the edge of the armchair (11) _____ the table, her
legs (12) _____ neatly by her skirt; the (13) _____ Miss Norris upright on a
chair by the window. Mrs. Fosdyke took off her coat and busied herself (14) _____
the kettle and the teapot at the sink (15) _____ the corner.

“You’ll have a
cup of tea?” she asked, (16) _____ the spoon in her hand.

“Well…” the
younger Miss Norris began and her sister said, with the self-confidence of her
extra years, “It’s very kind (17) _____ you.”

“I hate funerals,”
Mrs. Fosdyke said conversationally as she (18) _____ boiling water into the
pot. “If they are for somebody you like, you have a heavy (19) _____; and if
it’s someone you don’t like, you have to appear to be sorry.”

“Was it a
relative?” the younger Miss Norris asked shyly. Mrs. Fosdyke (20) _____ her
head. “No, a friend, a good friend.”

1 A. in

B. at

C. on

D. around

2 A. replied

B. responded

C. answered

D. asked

3 A. call

B. call for

C. look

D. look at

4 A. though

B. from

C. into

D. out of

5 A. would have met

B. would meet

C. will meet

D. had met

6 A. then

B. when

C. which

D. during

7 A. makes

B. made

C. was made

D. had been made

8 A. ideas

B. minds

C. brains

D. heart

9 A. at

B. on

C. in

D. to

10 A. was dying

B. had died

C. would die

D. didn’t die

11 A. near to

B. nearly

C. close

D. by

12 A. are covered

B. were covered

C. covered

D. covering

13 A. old

B. little

C. young

D. younger

14 A. with

B. on

C. in

D. for

15 A. at

B. in

C. round

D. around

16 A. had held

B. holds

C. held

D. holding

17 A. for

B. of

C. to

D. out of

18 A. poured

B. flew

C. drank

D. heated

19 A. emotion

B. heart

C. mind

D. brain

20 A. stopped

B. moved

C. shook

D. nodded

【答案与解析】

1 B  空格后为地点名词，house前一般用介词at。at
one’s house在某人家中；固定搭配。

2 C  answer the door应门，去开门（迎客）；固定表达。

3 A  根据文章第一句出现的call on（访问；拜访）可知此处应该是说会再次拜访，所以也应该用call。

4 C  ask sb. into the house叫某人进屋；固定表达，用介词into。

5 A  空格上文提到“Fosdyke夫人也是刚到家”，由此可推测出后文她想表达的意思是：我一两分钟前刚到家，本来我们可能会在街上碰见的。would have done表示“本应该会……但实际上没有”，表示对过去发生事实的虚拟。

6 A  空格处为强调句型，意为“那时Norris小姐们才意识到Fosdyke夫人穿着一身黑色的衣服”，强调时间，then表示“那时；当时”。

7 B  coat与动词make之间存在动宾关系，所以应该用过去分词做后置定语，修饰coat。

8 B  read one’s mind看出某人的心思；固定表达。their表示复数概念，所以mind也要用复数形式。

9 D  have been to去了；固定表达。这里的意思是：我刚去参加了一场葬礼。

10 B  空格前动词为一般过去时，根据时间状语during the past week可知“有人死亡”这个动词发生得更早，所以应该用过去完成时。

11 D  by the table表示“在桌子旁边”。句意：她们坐下来，年长一点的Norris小姐坐在桌子旁边的扶手椅沿上。

12 C  legs与动词cover存在动宾关系，所以应该用过去分词做后置定语，整个短句用作伴随状语。

13 D  上文提到了the elder Miss Norris（年长一些的Norris小姐），所以这里应该是介绍年轻一点的Norris小姐坐在哪里，所以应该用younger。

14 A  busy oneself with意为“忙于”；固定搭配。这里指的是Fosdyke夫人忙着沏茶。

15 B  in the corner在角落里；固定搭配，用介词in。

16 D  主语she与动词hold之间存在主谓关系，所以hold应该用现在分词形式。现在分词短语用作伴随状语修饰主语she。

17 B  “It’s very kind of you.”意为“你真是太好了”；固定句型表达。

18 A  pour灌，注；倒；这里句意是：“我讨厌葬礼”，Fosdyke夫人边说边把烧开的水倒进壶里。

19 B  heavy heart沉重的心情；忧愁的心；常见搭配。句意：如果那是你们所爱的人的葬礼，那你的心情一定会十分沉重。

20 C  空格后的回答是否定的，所以应该是摇头，故答案选shook，为shake的过去式。

Part Ⅱ　Reading
Comprehension (20%)

Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed
by some questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A),
B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE best answer. Then mark the
corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Questions 21-25 are based on the following
passage:

Are you aware
that you actually possess six senses? The sixth is a muscular sense responsible
for directing your muscles intelligently—to the exact extent necessary for each
action you perform. For example, when you reach for an object, the sensory
nerves linking the muscles to the brain stop your hand at the correct spot.
This automatic perception of the position of your muscles in relation to the
object is your muscular sense in action.

Muscles are stringy
bundles of fibers varying from one five-thousandth of an inch to about three
inches. They have three unique characteristics: they can become shorter and
thicker; they can stretch; and they can retract to their original positions.
Under a high-powered microscope, muscle tissue is seen as long, slender cells
with a grainy texture like wood.

More than half
of a person’s body is composed of muscle fibers, most of which are
involuntary—in other words, work without conscious direction. The voluntary
muscles, those that we move consciously to perform particular actions, number
more than five hundred. Women have 60 to 70 per cent as much muscle as men for
their body mass. That is why an average woman can’t lift as much, throw as far,
or hit as hard as an average man.

21 Intelligent use of the muscles means
that _____.

A) one always
knows what his muscles are doing

B) one performs
simple actions without working

C) one’s
muscles are used only to the extent necessary for each action they perform

D) one improves
muscular action consciously

22 Muscles are unique fibers in that they
can _____.

A) contract

B) stretch

C) retract

D) all of the
above

23 According to the selection, more than
half of a person’s body is composed of _____.

A) voluntary
muscles

B) involuntary
muscles

C) muscle
fibers

D) sensory
nerves

24 An average woman is weaker than an
average man because she has _____.

A) more
voluntary muscles than an average man

B) only 60 to
70 per cent as much muscle for her body mass

C) 60 to 70 per
cent less muscle for her body mass

D) less muscle
fiber for her body weight

25 Implied but not stated: _____.

A) The muscular
sense is more important than any other sense.

B) Muscular
sense involves automatic perception.

C) There are
many more than 500 involuntary muscles in the body.

D) Muscle
tissue is inflexible.

【答案与解析】

21 C  文章第一段第二句提到“The sixth is a muscular sense responsible for directing your muscles
intelligently—to the exact extent necessary for each action you perform.”，第六种是肌（肉）觉，它是用来直接灵活控制你的肌肉的——控制你每个动作的实际精确的程度。由此可知灵活地控制肌肉指的就是控制每个动作的精确程度。

22 D  文章第二段第二句提到“…they can become shorter and thicker; they can stretch; and they can
retract to their original positions.”，由此可知肌肉可以变得更短更厚；可以延伸；还可以缩回到原来的位置。故答案选D，三项全部包括。

23 C  文章最后一段第一句提到“More than half of a person’s body is composed of muscle fibers…”，由此可知人体多半是由肌肉纤维组成，故答案选C。

24 B  文章最后一段最后两句话的意思是：女性的肌肉量是男性的60%至70%。这就是为什么一般女人不能像男人那样举起那么多的重量，扔得那么远，或者是像普通男人一样的用力。故答案选B。

25 B  文章第一段最后一句提到“This automatic perception of the position of your muscles in
relation to the object is your muscular sense in action.”，这种相对于物体位置的肌肉自动感知就是你的肌觉。由此可推测出选项B“肌觉包括自动感知”的说法是正确的。

Questions 26-30 are based on the following
passage:

Each year, in a
never-ending cycle of death and regeneration, the rains sweep across southern
Asia. Between June and October strange sea winds surge over the land, drenching
the earth with torrential downpours. This is the monsoon—a familiar word often
taken to mean a violent windstorm, but in fact referring to a tumultuous season
of recurring rains.

The monsoon is close
to the very soul of the people it touches; it permeates the lives of the people
and affects everything they do. India is especially dominated by it. For three
months before the monsoon rains arrive, the heat is intense, unbearable: the
earth itself is dead; farmers cannot work the stone-hard fields; bare
subsistence is difficult. With the rains, everything suddenly changes—India
bursts into life again; fields that seemed hopelessly barren turn green and
grow wildly.

The rich new
season is one of beauty, but to the peasant it is a beauty shot through with
possible disaster. Overflowing with the great rains, the Ganges River moves
relentlessly to the sea, hiding beneath its shining but deceptive calm the
horror of fields and homes overcome by flood. The horror of flood and cyclone
rides always with the monsoon clouds when they come to redeem the land. The
peasants have no recourse but resignation and the consolation of prayer.

26 The monsoon is correctly described as a
_____.

A) torrential
downpour

B) violent
windstorm

C) season of
recurring rains

D) violent
thunderstorm

27 The monsoon is said to be “close to the
very soul of the people it touches” because _____.

A) it plays a
significant role in Asian religions

B) it is
destructive

C) the people
are resigned to it

D) it affects
all aspects of life

28 The peasants consider the monsoon a
bearer of _____.

A) beauty

B) fertility

C) danger

D) all of the
above

29 The peasants reaction to the monsoon is
_____.

A) resignation

B) hope that
the next year will be better

C) joy

D) relief

30 Implied but not stated: _____.

A) India is the
only country affected by the monsoon.

B) The way of
the weather seldom affects people in temperate climates.

C) After the
floods subside, the great heat will begin again.

D) The monsoon
completely permeates the lives of the people.

【答案与解析】

26 C  文章第一段最后一句提到“This is the monsoon—a familiar word often taken to mean a violent
windstorm, but in fact referring to a tumultuous season of recurring rains.”，这就是季风——经常被用来指一场猛烈的风暴，但实际上指的是一个动荡的雨季。故答案选C。

27 D  文章第二段第一句提到“The monsoon is close to the very soul of the people it touches; it
permeates the lives of the people and affects everything they do.”，季风与它所接触的人的灵魂非常接近；它渗透到人们的生活中，影响他们所做的一切。后半句解释了季风为什么和人的灵魂接近，所以答案选D。

28 D  文章最后一段第一句提到“The rich new season is one of beauty, but to the peasant it is a
beauty shot through with possible disaster.”，雨季丰富的新季节是美丽的季节，但对农民来说，这种美丽中也可能蕴含着一场灾难。雨量充足可以确保丰收，但如果降雨量过大的话也会带来涝灾影响粮食收成，故雨季对于农民来说既是美丽丰收的季节也是充满危险的季节。

29 A  文章最后一句提到“The peasants have no recourse but resignation and the consolation of
prayer.”，由此可知面对雨季，农民们无计可施只有顺从和虔诚地乞讨，故答案选A，resignation意为“顺从；服从”。

30 C  文章第一段第一句提到“Each year, in a never-ending cycle of death and regeneration, the
rains sweep across southern Asia.”，由此可知雨季是不断循环的，雨季结束后又会迎来酷热的天气，周而复始。所以可以推断出选项C“洪水消退后，大热的天气将再次开始”的说法是正确的。

Questions 31-35 are based on the following
passage:

The accuracy of
scientific observations and calculations is always at the mercy of the
scientists timekeeping methods. For this reason, scientists are interested in
devices that give promise of more precise timekeeping. In their search for
precision, scientists have turned to atomic clocks that depend on various
vibrating atoms or molecules to supply their “ticking.” This is possible
because each kind of atom or molecule has its own characteristic rate of vibration.
The Nitrogen atom in ammonia, for example, vibrates or “ticks” 24 billion times
a second.

Such atomic
clock is so accurate that it will probably lose no more than a second in 3000
years. It will be of great importance in fields such as astronomical
observation and long range navigation. The heart of this Atomichron is a cesium
atom that vibrates 9.2 billion times a second when heated to the temperature of
boiling water.

An atomic clock
that operates with an ammonia molecule may be used to check the accuracy of predictions
based on Einstein’s relativity theories, according to which a clock in motion
and a clock at rest should keep time differently. Placed in an orbiting
satellite moving at a speed of 18,000 miles an hour, the clock could broadcast
its time readings to a ground station, where they would be compared with the
readings on similar model. Whatever differences develop would be checked
against the differences predicted.

31 The selection says that the accuracy of
scientific observation depends on _____.

A) methods of
measurement

B) timekeeping
methods

C) basic
assumptions

D) earlier
experiments

32 Atomic clocks differ according to _____.

A) function

B) type of
molecule or atom used

C) rate of
vibration

D) both B and C

33 The Atomichron will be used in _____.

A) making
astronomical observations

B) broadcasting

C) measuring
vibration rates

D) all of the
above

34 Identical atomic clocks may be used to
check _____.

A) the effects
of outer space on an atomic clock

B) the actual
speed of an orbiting satellite

C) the accuracy
of predictions based on theories of relativity

D) all of
Einstein’s theories

35 An appropriate title for this selection
would be _____.

A) A Peacetime
Use of the Atom

B) Atoms and
Molecules

C) The
Satellite Timekeepers

D) The Role of
the Clock

【答案与解析】

31 B  文章第一句提到“The accuracy of scientific observations and calculations is always
at the mercy of the scientists timekeeping methods.”，科学观察和计算的准确性总是受科学家计时方法的支配。由此可知科学观察的准确性取决于科学家的计时方式。

32 D  文章第一段第三句指出“In their search for precision, scientists have turned to atomic
clocks that depend on various vibrating atoms or molecules to supply their
“ticking.”。在寻找精确度的过程中，科学家们已经转向依赖于各种振动原子或分子的原子钟来计时。由此可知原子钟主要的区别在于使用的原子或分子种类不同以及振动频率也不同。

33 D  根据文章第二段第二句提到的“It will be of great importance in fields such as astronomical
observation and long range navigation.”（它可以用于天文观测和远程导航）以及最后一段第一句“一个原子钟可以用来检测基于爱因斯坦相对论的预测的准确性。根据这个理论，一个运动的时钟和一个静止的时钟应该保持不同的时间”、第二句“在一颗轨道卫星以每小时1.8万英里的速度运行时，时钟可以将时间数据广播到一个地面站，与类似模型的读数相比较”可知原子钟可以用于天文观测、振动频率检测以及数据传播，故答案选D。

34 C  文章最后一段第一句提到“An atomic clock that operates with an ammonia molecule may be used
to check the accuracy of predictions based on Einstein’s relativity theories…”，用氨分子操作的原子钟可以用来检测基于爱因斯坦相对论的预测的准确性。根据这个理论，一个运动的时钟和一个静止的时钟应该保持不同的时间。所以相同的时钟可以用来检测基于爱因斯坦相对论的预测的准确性，故答案选C。

35 A  文章主要介绍了原子钟在科学研究领域的有效应用，由此可知原子不一定是危险物体，它可以帮助科学家进行更加精确的实验，所以选项A“原子在和平时期的应用”最符合文章标题要求，故答案选A。

Questions 36-40 are based on the following
passage:

Hundreds of
species of marine life manage to survive even in the darkest depths of the
ocean. These tenants of the deep have evolved some extremely ingenious devices
for locating their food and enemies.

Where the light
is very dim, some of these deepwater species have developed enormous eyes with
almost telescopic lenses, very much like those of owls. Others, especially the
fish that survive where there is no light at all, are quite blind but have
developed long feelers that enable them to identify and collect stray bits of
food that come within a considerable radius of them.

Some inhabitants
of the deep supply their own light. They have built-in torches that they can
switch on and off, depending on whether they are pursuing or being pursued.
Some have regular lamps, spots of steady light, which spread a faint glow
through the water around them. One deep water squid can squirt a luminous fluid
that lights up its immediate vicinity, a neat variation on the ink ejected by
its cousins nearer the surface to becloud and darken the water. It is supposed
that about half of the varieties of fish living in the dark depths of the ocean
have some power of illumination.

36 In order to survive, all species of the
deep must be able to _____.

A) supply their
own light

B) compensate
for the lack of light

C) locate food
and enemies

D) both B and C

37 Most of the marine species living in
the darkest depths have _____.

A) learned to
live without light

B) evolved
ingenious devices to help them

C) found ways
to supply their own light

D) developed
extremely sensitive eyes

38 The fish that have developed long
feelers use them to _____.

A) recognize
food particles

B) collect food

C) locate food
by sense of smell

D) both A and B

39 It is supposed that about half of the
varieties of fish living in the dark depths have ______.

A) evolved more
than one means of creating light

B) some power
of illumination

C) developed
extremely sensitive feelers

D) almost
telescopic eyes

40 Which of the following is implied but
not stated?

A) Where there
is no light, the power of illumination is necessary for survival.

B) Food getting
is a difficult problem in the ocean depths.

C) When a fish
is being pursued, it often turns off its light.

D) All fish in
the darkest depths of the ocean have some device to compensate for lack of
light.

【答案与解析】

36 D  根据文章第一段第二句提到的“These tenants of the deep have evolved some extremely ingenious
devices for locating their food and enemies.”，这些深海居民已经进化出一些非常独特的器官以便探测食物和敌人的位置；以及文章第二段提到的“光线暗的情况下，一些深海物种形成了巨大的眼睛以便勘测；完全黑暗的情况下一些海洋生物已经进化出触角来感知食物。所以答案选D，包括B选项“弥补光的不足”和C选项“探测食物和敌人的位置”。

37 B  文章第一段第二句提到“These tenants of the deep have evolved some extremely ingenious
devices for locating their food and enemies.”，这些深海居民已经进化出一些非常独特的器官以便探测食物和敌人的位置。后文也提到一些生物进化出巨大的眼睛和触角来感知食物以及探测敌人的位置，由此可知选项B“它们都进化出一些独特的器官来帮助自己”最能概括信息，故答案选B。

38 D  文章第二段第二句提到“…have developed long feelers that enable them to identify and
collect stray bits of food that come within a considerable radius of them.”，由此可知这些生物进化的触角，使它们能够识别并收集在它们一定半径范围内的杂散食物。故选项A和B都正确，答案选D。

39 B  文章最后一句提到“It is supposed that about half of the varieties of fish living in
the dark depths of the ocean have some power of illumination.”，据说，生活在海洋深处的鱼种类有大约一半有一定的光照能力。故答案选B。

40 D  文章主要介绍了一些深海动物在没有光照或光照不足的情况下进化出巨大的眼睛或触角来感知食物和敌人，故可以推测出选项D“在海洋最黑暗的深海里，所有的鱼都有一些器官来弥补光的不足”说法是正确的。

Part Ⅲ　Vocabulary
and Structure (30%)

Directions: There are 30
sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are 4 words or phrases
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.

1 It’s a pity that you didn’t go to the
party yesterday. All the fruits there tasted _____.

A. fresh

B. freshly

C. freshness

D. freshing

【答案】A

【解析】句意：很遗憾你昨天没去参加聚会。那所有的水果都尝起来新鲜。taste为感官性动词，后面接形容词做表语，所以答案选fresh，意为“新鲜的”。

2 Susan seems very mature for a _____.

A. fifteen-years-old
girl

B. girl with
fifteen years

C. girl of
fifteen-year age

D. fifteen-year-old
girl

【答案】D

【解析】句意：对于一个15岁的女孩来说，苏珊看起来有些成熟。fifteen-year-old相当于一个形容词，修饰名词。名词间有连字符所以year不用加s。

3 I prefer reading _____ novels.

A. Mark Twain
and Hemingway’s

B. Mark Twain’s
and Hemingway’s

C. Mark Twain
and Hemingway

D. Mark Twains’
and Hemingways’

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我喜欢读马克·吐温和海明威的小说。名词所有格’s表示“……的”，这里分别指两个人的小说，所以两个名字后都得加’s。

4 He never used to swim in winter, _____?

A. did he

B. didn’t he

C. used he

D. usedn’t he

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他从来没有在冬天游过泳，对吗？在反义疑问句中，前句含有表示否定意义的词如hardly/never/no/ few等，后句要用肯定式。根据前句谓语动词used to可知句子为一般过去时，所以助动词要用did，故答案选A。

5 David was disappointed to find out that
they had gone to the exhibition _____ him.

A. except

B. except for

C. but

D. without

【答案】D

【解析】句意：大卫很失望地发现他们没有带他去看展览。without没有；没带。except除了（不包括在内）；不符合句意要求。except for整体……除了某一点以外。but除……以外；常用于nobody/no one/all/who等词后面。

6 A ballet dancer can perform the
difficult steps of ballet only after many years of strenuous training.

A. expensive

B. specialized

C. supervised

D. hard

【答案】D

【解析】句意：经过多年的艰苦训练，芭蕾舞演员才能完成芭蕾舞的艰难动作。strenuous费力的；奋发的；艰苦的。hard努力的；辛苦的。两者意义最接近。expensive昂贵的。specialized专业的；专门的。supervised有监督的。

7 He says he is leaving the country for
good.

A. contentedly

B. permanently

C. casually

D. hastily

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他说他要永远地离开这个国家了。for good永久地；一劳永逸”。permanently永久地，长期不变地。两者意义最接近。contentedly满足地；安心地。casually随便地；临时地。hastily匆忙地；急速地。

8 Tom volunteered to show the new students
around the campus.

A. offered

B. intended

C. refused

D. hesitated

【答案】A

【解析】句意：汤姆自愿在校园里带新来的学生们参观校园。volunteer
to do sth.自愿做/志愿做某事。offer to do sth.提出要做；主动要做某事。两者意义最接近。intend to do
sth.想要做某事。refuse to
do sth.拒绝做某事。hesitate
to do sth.犹豫做某事。

9 The citizens of the city, _____ were
workers, welcomed the new policy issued by the local government.

A. most of them

B. most of whom

C. most of those

D. most of which

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这个城市的居民大部分都是工人，他们对当地政府颁布的新政策表示欢迎。通过句子结构分析可知空格处引导定语从句，修饰citizen（市民），应用关系词who或whom，又因关系词做介词of的宾语，故用whom。

10 No sooner had the robbers disappeared
into a side-street _____.

A. then the
police arrived

B. than did the
police arrive

C. than the
police arrived

D. when the
police arrived

【答案】C

【解析】句意：盗贼们刚走警察就到了。no sooner…than一……就……；固定句型。主句用过去完成时且为部分倒装结构；从句用一般过去时，陈述句语序。

11 This is the woman _____ the artist said
posed as a model for the painting.

A. who

B. whose

C. which

D. whom

【答案】A

【解析】句意：这就是艺术家说的那个为他的画当模特的那个女人。who引导定语从句修饰现行词woman，且做从句动词pose的主语。the artist said可以看作是插入成分，不影响句子结构。

12 Recent studies of patients at sleep
clinics have shown significant facts about the cause of difficulty in
fallingasleep.

A. panorama

B. insomnia

C. stamina

D. stigma

【答案】B

【解析】句意：最近对睡眠诊所的病人的研究显示了关于入睡困难的很重要的原因。difficulty
in falling asleep意为“入睡困难”。insomnia失眠症，失眠；也就是指“入睡困难”。两者意义最接近。panorama全景，全貌。stamina毅力；精力。stigma耻辱；污名。

13 In the early nineteenth century, the
knowledge of the physics of heat was rudimentary.

A. uninteresting

B. necessary

C. undeveloped

D. growing

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在19世纪早期，关于热物理的知识还很初级。rudimentary初步的；未发展的。undeveloped未开发的；不发达的；两者意义最接近。eresting乏味的；令人厌倦的。necessary必要的；必需的。growing发展的；成长的。

14 _____ the light rain, the baseball game
will not be cancelled unless the other team concedes.

A. Despite

B. Despite of

C. In spite

D. Despite that

【答案】A

【解析】句意：尽管下着小雨，但除非对方答应，否则棒球比赛不会被取消。despite尽管，不管；后面可直接加名词。in spite of尽管；后面也可直接加名词。despite that后面接从句。

15 _____, several significant changes were
made in traditional business programs at this university.

A. After reviewing
the curriculum

B. Having
reviewed the curriculum

C. After the
curriculum was reviewed

D. After the curriculum’s reviewing

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在课程审查后，这所大学的传统商业课程有了一些重大的改变。主句主语为changes，与从句动词review不构成任何逻辑关系，所以从句应该是一个完整的句子。A、B和D项都是现在分词结构，表示和主句主语一致，不符合句子结构要求。

16 He did have a lot of facts to back
up his arguments.

A. count up

B. cover up

C. support

D. bring

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他确实有许多事实来支持他的论点。back up支持，援助。support支持。两者意义最接近。count up共计；把……加起来。cover up掩盖，盖住。bring带来。

17 Scientists who study the Earth are accustomed
to working with many different scales of time and space.

A. used to

B. tired of

C. opposed to

D. needed for

【答案】A

【解析】句意：研究地球的科学家已经习惯了在不同的时间和空间维度下工作。be
accustomed to习惯于。be
used to习惯于。两者意义最接近。be
tired of厌倦。be
opposed to反对。be needed
for因……而被需要。

18 Radioisotopes are used to study the performance
of individual body organs.

A. relating

B. positioning

C. structuring

D. functioning

【答案】D

【解析】句意：放射性同位素被用来研究人体器官的运作。performance性能；执行；表现。functioning运作；功能；两者意义最接近。relating涉及；关联。positioning定位；配置。structuring结构化。

19 Modern boilers are frequently very
large, and are sometimes capable _____ 300,000lbs of steam per hour.

A. for generating

B. of
generating

C. to generate

D. in generating

【答案】B

【解析】句意：现代的锅炉通常非常大，有时能够每小时产生30万磅的蒸汽。be capable of doing sth.能够做某事；有能力做某事；固定搭配。

20 If anyone keeps an animal, _____ must look after it properly
since the animal cannot always look after itself very well.

A. one

B. you

C. he

D. we

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果有人养了一只动物，他一定要好好照顾它，因为动物不能总是很好地照顾自己。anyone用作主语，若需用代词代替，可用单数he/him/his替代。

21 We must _____ a solid foundation for
the development of our heavy industry.

A. lie

B. lay

C. put

D. raise

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我们必须为我们重工业的发展打好坚实的基础。lay a
foundation for为……奠定基础；固定搭配。lie躺；说谎；位于。put放置；安置。raise提高；筹集。

22 Who will _____ the cost of repair if
the car is damaged?

A. take

B. told

C. bear

D. swallow

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果汽车损坏，谁将承担修理费用？bear承担（责任）；负担。bear the cost意为“承担费用；支付费用”；固定搭配。

23 When he saw a dark figure breaking into
the house, he _____ the alarm.

A. called

B. called up

C. voiced

D. sounded

【答案】A

【解析】句意：当他看到一个黑暗的身影闯入房子时，他打电话报警了。call拨打；呼叫；为及物动词，后面直接接宾语。call up打电话给；召集；一般单独使用。voice表达；吐露。sound听起来；发出声音。

24 He bought the book _____ $20.

A. in

B. above

C. under

D. for

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他买这本书花了20美元。buy sth. for some money意为“买某物花了多少钱”；固定搭配。

25 Since you are the only person who saw
the accident, I hope you won’t _____ back any information.

A. hold

B. put

C. bring

D. pull

【答案】A

【解析】句意：既然你是唯一一个看到事故发生的人，我希望你不要隐瞒任何信息。hold back隐瞒。put back放回原处；推迟。bring back拿回来；使……恢复。pull back拉回；撤回。

26 _____ what you say, he is not to blame.

A. In view of

B. In sight of

C. With a view
to

D. In seeing

【答案】A

【解析】句意：鉴于你所说的，他不该被责备。in view of鉴于；考虑到。in sight of在看得见……的位置。with a view to着眼于；以……为目的。

27 We must take _____ to help the poor.

A. matter

B. measures

C. paces

D. acts

【答案】B

【解析】句意：我们必须采取措施帮助穷人。take measures to
do sth.采取措施做某事；固定搭配。

28 _____ pleased with his homework.

A. His both parents
are

B. His parents
are both

C. All his
parents are

D. His parents are all

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他的父母都对他的家庭作业很满意。父母为两个人，所以用both，一般放在系动词之后或名词短语之前。选项A中both应该放在his之前。

29 If I cannot make myself _____ English,
I will speak Chinese.

A. understood
with

B. understood
in

C. understand
with

D. understand in

【答案】B

【解析】句意：如果我说英语别人不理解的话，那我就说中文。make sb.
understood使自己被人理解；让别人明白自己的意思；固定表达。表示说某种语言用介词in，in
English说英语。

30 What has made Japan _____ it is today?

A. that

B. which

C. for

D. what

【答案】D

【解析】句意：是什么成就了今天的日本？make后面接双宾语，空格处引导宾语从句并充当is的表语，所以应该选what。

Part Ⅳ　Translation
(30%)

Translate the
following sentences into Chinese:

1 Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how
things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now
forms the basis of scientific investigation.

【答案】当伽利略开始试图解释事情是怎样发生的时候，现代科学就诞生了，并且可控性实验的方式也因此诞生，现在形成了科学研究的基础。

2 While all of these students may share many common experiences and
values, especially through television and the mass media, many other aspects of
their lives are different, shaped by different ethnic, regional, or language
backgrounds.

【答案】虽然所有这些学生可能有许多共同的经验和价值观，特别是在电视和大众媒体上，但他们在生活的许多其他方面是不同的，这些是由不同的种族、地区或语言背景造就的。

3 It is not at all likely that any but the exceptional student will
ever need all the information about words that the larger dictionaries afford.

【答案】除了成绩好的学生，其余的学生不可能都需要大字典上所提供的单词的全部信息。

Translate the
following sentences into English:

1 我们不能简单地根据一个人受过多少教育来判断他的能力大小。

【答案】We cannot judge a person’s ability simply on the basis of his
education.

2 直到我快要喊破嗓子，他才回过头来。

【答案】Not until I shouted at the top of my voice did he turn his head.

3 她对于自己取得的成绩从不满足。

【答案】She was never satisfied with her achievements.

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