考研真题
1. 西北师范大学外语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题
2. 2026年翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题
考研指导书
1. 陈宏薇《新编汉英翻译教程》（第2版）配套题库（含考研真题）
西北师范大学外语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解
书籍目录
2013年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2014年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2015年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
部分内容
2013年西北师范大学外语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
I. Directions: Translate
the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language
respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in
English and 15 in Chinese. (30 points)
1 NATO
【答案】北大西洋公约组织
2 CPU
【答案】中央处理器
3 ISS
【答案】工业标准规格
4 FAO
【答案】联合国粮食与农业组织
5 ERP
【答案】企业资源计划
6 East Asia Community
【答案】东亚共同体
7 Apple of one’s eye
【答案】掌上明珠
8 Sherlock Holmes
【答案】夏洛克·福尔摩斯
9 Enclosure Movement
【答案】圈地运动
10 Arabian Nights
【答案】天方夜谭
11 Point Guard
【答案】控球后卫
12 Demilitarized Zone
【答案】非军事区
13 Chauvinism
【答案】沙文主义
14 United Nations Environment Programme
【答案】联合国环境规划署
15 National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
【答案】美国国家航空航天局
16 常务委员会
【答案】standing committee
17 副教授
【答案】associate professor
18 白皮书
【答案】white paper
19 十二五计划
【答案】the12th Five-Year Plan
20 平等互利原则
【答案】the principle of equality and mutual benefit
21 科教兴国
【答案】develop the country through science and education
22 凝聚力
【答案】cohesion
23 不可抗力
【答案】force majeure
24 联合国安理会
【答案】United Nation Security Council
25 外汇储备
【答案】foreign exchange reserve
26 支柱产业
【答案】pillar industry
27 个税起征点
【答案】the minimum threshold for personal income tax
28 燃油附加费
【答案】Bunker Adjustment Factor
29 市场占有率
【答案】market share
30 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧
【答案】Where there is life, there is hope.
II. Directions: Translate the following two source
texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English,
its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target
language is English. (120 points)
Source Text 1:
Once a circle
missed a wedge. The circle wanted to be whole, so it went around looking for
its missing piece. But because it was incomplete and therefore could roll only
very slowly, it admired the flowers along the way. It chatted with worms. It
enjoyed the sunshine. It found lots of different pieces, but none of them fit.
Then only one day the circle found a piece that fit perfectly, it was so happy.
Now it could be
whole, with nothing missing. It incorporated the missing piece into itself and
began to roll. Now that it was a perfect circle, it could roll very fast, too
fast to notice the flowers or talking to the worms. When it realized how
different the world seemed when it rolled so quickly, it stopped; left its
found piece by the side of the road and rolled slowly away.
The lesson of
the story, I suggested, was that in some strange sense we are more whole when
we are missing something. There is a wholeness about the person who has come to
terms with his limitations, who has been brave enough to let go of his
unrealistic dreams and not feel like a failure for doing so.
Life is not a
trap set for us by God so that he can condemn us for failing. Life is not a
spelling bee, where no matter how many words you’ve gotten right, you’re
disqualified if you make one mistake. Life is more like a baseball season,
where even the best team loses one-third of its games and even the worst team
has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than we lose.
When we accept
that imperfection is part of being human, and when we can continue rolling
through life and appreciate it, we will have achieved a wholeness. That, I
believe, is what God asks of us—“Be whole”.
If we are brave
enough to love, strong enough to forgive, generous enough to rejoice in
another’s happiness, and wise enough to know there is enough love to go around
for us all, then we can achieve a fulfillment that no other living creature
will ever know.
【参考译文】
从前，一只圆圈缺了一块楔子。它想保持完整，便四处寻找那块楔子。由于不完整，所以它只能慢慢地滚动。一路上，它对花儿露出羡慕之色；它与蠕虫谈天侃地；它还欣赏到了阳光之美。圆圈找到了许多不同的楔子，但没有一件与它相配。终于有一天，它找到了一个完美的配件。圆圈是那样的高兴。
现在它可以说是完美无缺了。它装好配件，并开始滚动起来。现在它已成了一个完美的圆圈，所以滚动得非常快，以至于难以观赏花儿，也无暇与蠕虫倾诉心声。当圆圈意识到因快奔疾驰而失去了原有的世界时，它不禁停了下来，将找到的配件弃置路旁，又开始慢慢地滚动。
我觉得这个故事告诉我们，在某种意义上，当我们有所缺陷，才是完整的人生。人生的完整性在于知道如何面对缺陷，如何勇敢地摒弃不现实的幻想而又不以此为缺憾。
人生不是上帝为谴责我们的缺陷而给我们布下的陷阱。人生也不是一场拼字游戏比赛，不管你拼出多少单词，一旦出现了一个错误，你便前功尽弃。人生更像是一个棒球赛季，即使最好的球队也会输掉1/3的比赛，而最差的球队也有春风得意的日子。我们的目标就是多赢球，少输球。
当我们接受不完整性是人类本性的一部分，当我们不断地进行人生滚动并能欣赏其价值时，我们就会获得完整人生。我相信这就是上帝对我们的要求：人生的“完整”。
如果我们能够勇敢地去爱，坚强地去宽容，大度地去为别人的快乐而高兴，明智地理解身边充满爱，那么我们就能取得别的生物所不能取得的成就。
Source Text 2:
我们制定了国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要，对2006到2020年的科技发展作出全面部署，启动一批重大专项。这对增强自主创新能力，推进创新型国家建设，有着重要而深远的影响。
基础科学和前沿技术研究得到加强，形成了一批具有自主知识产权和市场竞争力的产品。五年中央财政用于科技的投入达到3406亿元。全社会研究与实验发展经费，从2002年1288亿元增加到2007年的3664亿元，占国内生产总值的比重从1.07%提高到l.49%。以企业为主体的技术创新体系建设取得重要进展。科技创新支撑和引领经济社会发展的能力明显增强。
我们制定和实施一系列产业政策和专项规划，促进产业结构的优化升级。信息、生物、航空航天、新能源、新材料、海洋等高新技术产业加快发展。振兴装备制造业的成效显著。旅游、金融、物流等现代服务业蓬勃发展。基础设施基础产业建设取得长足进展，一批重大的工程相继建成或者顺利推进。
【参考译文】
We formulated
the Outline of the National Program for Long- and Medium-Term Scientific and
Technological Development, which contains comprehensive plans for the
development of science and technology in China from 2006 through 2020 and calls
for the launching of a number of major projects. This will have an important
and far-reaching impact on efforts to strengthen China’s capacity for
independent innovation and make it an innovative country.
Work in basic
research and research in leading-edge technologies was intensified, and a
number of products that are competitive and carry Chinese intellectual property
rights were developed. The central government spent 340.6 billion yuan on
science and technology over the past five years. China’s total investment in
research, experimentation and development rose from the 128.8 billion yuan of
2002 to 366.4 billion yuan in 2007, with its share in the GDP rising from 1.07%
to 1.49%. Major progress was made in developing a system for technological
innovation in which enterprises play a key role. The capacity of scientific and
technological innovation to sustain and boost economic and social development
was markedly increased.
We formulated
and implemented a series of industrial policies and special plans designed to
improve and upgrade the industrial structure. Development of new and high
technology industries in information, biology, aerospace, new energy sources,
new materials and oceanography was accelerated. Efforts to boost the equipment
manufacturing industry produced significant results. Development of modern
service industries such as tourism, banking and distribution was accelerated.
Great progress was made in the development of infrastructure and basic
industries, marked by the completion of or smooth progress on a number of major
projects.
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