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首都经济贸易大学外国语学院《705基础英语》历年考研真题AI讲解
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2013年首都经济贸易大学705基础英语考研真题及详解
2014年首都经济贸易大学705基础英语考研真题及详解
2015年首都经济贸易大学705基础英语考研真题及详解
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2013年首都经济贸易大学705基础英语考研真题及详解
Part Ⅰ. Grammar
and Vocabulary (30 points, 1 for each)
Directions: There are thirty sentences in this
section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and
D. Choose one or phrase that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on
your Answer Sheet.
1 The course _____ two years’ training
into six intensive months.
A. impresses
B. compresses
C. depresses
D. represses
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这项课程把两年的训练压缩成6个月的强化课程。compress sth. into sth.将……压缩，精简。impress给……留下深刻的好印象。depress使抑郁；使沮丧；使萧条；使不景气。repress克制；压抑；抑制。
2 The vast majority of people in any
culture _____ to the established standard of that culture.
A. conform
B. confine
C. confront
D. confirm
【答案】A
【解析】句意：所属某一文化的人们,绝大多数会遵照这一文化标准。conform to /with
sth.遵守，遵从，服从（规则、法律等）。confine
sb. /sth. to sth.限制；限定；使受困于……，若此题表达“绝大多数人会被限制在那个已经建立的文化标准之内”的意思，则需要使用被动，be confined to。confront 面对；对抗；处理。confirm证实，证明，确认。
3 I don’t feel I’m achieving my full _____
in my present job.
A. ability
B. potential
C. capacity
D. capability
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我觉得我没有在目前的这份工作中充分发挥潜能。potential潜力；潜质，才能。ability本领；才智。capacity主要用于形容“容量”，指人或物的容纳或吸收能力。而capability与ability相似，主要用于形容人的“能力”。此题主要抢到潜能，还没有发挥出来的，等待发掘的潜在能力。故B更符合题意。
4 To my great surprise, my daughter is
showing a (n) _____ for math.
A. latitude
B. altitude
C. attitude
D. aptitude
【答案】D
【解析】句意：让我吃惊的是，我的女儿表现出了数学天赋。aptitude天赋；天资；天生的才能。latitude纬度。altitude海拔。attitude态度。
5 It was the team’s fourth _____ victory
and their fifth victory in six matches.
A. successful
B. succeeding
C. precisely
D. instantly
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这是这个队伍的第4场连胜，也是他们在6场比赛中的第5次胜利。succeeding随后的；以后的，此处与victory连用表示连胜。successful与victory语义重复。precisely正好；恰恰；准确地说。instantly立即；立刻；马上。
6 The president announced that all of us
must arrive at the company at _____8:00 tomorrow morning.
A. immediately
B. constantly
C. precisely
D. instantly
【答案】C
【解析】句意：总经理宣布所有人明天早晨8点准时到公司。precisely正好；恰恰；准确地，此处强调准时性。immediately立刻；直接地；立即地。constantly经常地；不变地。instantly立即；立刻；马上。
7 It never _____ me that I could pass the
final exam, for I had missed many lessons because of my illness.
A. occurred to
B. hit upon
C. came across
D. happened to
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我从没想到我能通过期末考试，因为我之前生病落下了很多课。It
occurs to sb. that想到……。hit upon碰巧发现；忽然想出。come across遇见；碰撞；正好遇见。happen to恰巧；恰好。
8 I intend to buy a flat modern,
comfortable and _____ in a quiet location.
A. all in all
B. in all
C. above all
D. after all
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我想买一栋公寓，现代，舒适，最重要的是环境安静。above
all最重要的是。all in all总的说来；总而言之。in all总共；一共。after all毕竟；终究。
9 Scientists hope that data from the probe
will pave the _____ for a more detailed exploration of Mars.
A. route
B. lane
C. path
D. way
【答案】D
【解析】句意：科学家们希望来自火星探测仪的数据可以为未来进一步探索火星做准备。pave the way for固定用法，为……创造条件；为……做好准备。route路线，途径。lane小巷，甬道。path道路，小路。
10 The question is _____ into practice.
A. how we can
put the plan
B. how can we
put the plan
C. what shall
we put the plan
D. that we put
the plan
【答案】A
【解析】句意：问题在于我们怎样把计划付诸实践。结合句意选择how“怎样”而不是what“什么”。从句中采用陈述语序。故选A。
11 New York is famous for its skyscrapers,
_____ had more than 100 stories.
A. the highest
B. the highest
of that
C. the highest
of which
D. the highest
of them
【答案】C
【解析】句意：纽约以它的摩天大楼著称，最高的超过了一百层。考查定语从句，句中是逗号，故而后面要用定语从句的形式，众多摩天大楼中最高的一个，使用of which。
12 The dispute over the border is reached
a point _____ both countries had to resort to arms.
A. to which
B. on which
C. that
D. where
【答案】D
【解析】句意：边境纠纷已经演变到两国都要诉诸武力的程度。考查定语从句，point作为先行词，还原到从句中应为 at this point，故使用where做关系副词。
13 We’ll visit Europe next year _____ we
have enough money.
A. lest
B. until
C. unless
D. provided
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果我们有足够的钱，明年我们会到欧洲旅游。provided (that)…如果；假如；在……条件下。lest免得；以免。until直到，如使用until则前面不该规定具体时间。unless除非，如使用unless则主句应该为否定句。
14 It was what he meant rather than what
he said _____ annoyed me.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. as
【答案】B
【解析】句意：让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他的言外之意。考查强调句，it
is…that…被强调部分为“what
he meant rather than what he said”。
15 We thought _____.
A. wrong not to
tell him it
B. it not to
tell him wrong
C. it wrong to
not tell him
D. it wrong not
to tell him
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们认为不告诉他是不对的。复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）中，如果宾语是不定式短语，则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上，而将不定式短语（真正的宾语）放在宾语补足语之前。不定式的否定式not放在to之前。
16 Don’t mention my name or you _____ me
into trouble.
A. have got
B. are getting
C. will get
D. get
【答案】C
【解析】句意：别提我的名字，免得给我惹麻烦。祈使句+and /or+陈述句，or或and后的陈述句要用一般将来时，因为从意义上看，它表示的是将来意义。
17 _____ you were coming today, I’d have
met you at the airport.
A. Have I known
B. Had I known
C. I have known
D. I had known
【答案】B
【解析】句意：如果我知道今天你来，我就会去机场接你了。考虚拟条件句的省略倒装句，正常的表达是“if I had known you were coming today, I’d have met you at the
airport.”。在虚拟语气里面，如果有if就用正常的语序；若省略if，则需要把had，were，should提前。
18 It is necessary _____ the dictionary
immediately.
A. that he
return
B. that he will
return
C. that he
returned
D. that he has
to return
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他必须立刻归还字典。在necessary后面的从句要用虚拟语气，即it is necessary
that sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。
19 We left the meeting, there obviously
_____ no point in staying.
A. was
B. being
C. to be
D. having
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们离开了会议，显然没有继续留在那里的理由。句中是逗号，一句话中不能有两个谓语，后一句做状语，表示没有理由留下来这种状态，因此动词要用ing形式。
20 _____ of the two winners in the game
was awarded a pen.
A. Every one
B. Anyone
C. Everyone
D. having
【答案】A
【解析】句意：两个获胜者每人获得了一支笔作为奖品。everyone是一个词，只用来指人，等于everybody，在它后面不能跟介词of。every one是两个词，既可用来指人，也可用来指物，等于each one，后面可跟介词of。故选A。
21 _____, John had to stay up for the
night to finish his paper.
A. Having not
given enough time
B. Having not
been given enough time
C. Not having
been given enough time
D. Not having
given enough time
【答案】C
【解析】句意：约翰没有被给予足够的时间，所以他不得不熬夜完成论文。having
done完成式分词做状语，表示分词的动作发生在主句动作之前，变否定在having前加not，因为是被给予时间，所以用被动。
22 Weather _____, the Johnsons will hold
an open-air garden party.
A. permits
B. permitted
C. permitting
D. being
permitted
【答案】C
【解析】句意：天气允许的话，约翰逊家会举办一个露天花园派对。主句在后面，前面是非谓语动词结构，因为permit的动作施weather主动发出的，因而用permitting的形式。
23 The atmosphere is as much a part of the
earth as _____ its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.
A. are
B. is
C. do
D. has
【答案】A
【解析】句意：大气和土壤以及江河湖海里的水一样，都是地球的重要组成部分。A
is as+形容词+as B表示“A和B的程度一样”。即“The atmosphere is a part of the earth as
much as its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans are a part of
the earth.”。为了句子结构的平衡，省略重复的部分a part of the earth，调整词序，are提前，主语放后面。
24 Unfortunately, when I dropped in,
Professor Smith _____, so we only had time for a few words.
A. has just
left
B. had just
left
C. just left
D. was just
leaving
【答案】D
【解析】句意：不太幸运的是，我去拜访教授的时候，他正准备离开，所以我们只说了几句话。发生在过去，教授在过去正准备离开，离开的动作并没有完成，因为我们还说了几句话，所以用进行时态表将来，综合起来用过去进行时。
25 — “There were already five people in
the car but they managed to take me as well.”
— “It _____ a
comfortable journey.”
A. can’t be
B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have
been
D. couldn’t
have been
【答案】D
【解析】句意：“车里本来就有5个人，但他们还是让我上车了。”“这一定不是一次舒适的旅程。”由were，managed得出旅行已经结束，用过去时，而由前面的信息可知，车里人太多，注定这已经不可能是一场舒适的旅行了，所以用couldn’t表示不可能。have完成式表示已经发生的事。
26 This tape recorder is far _____that one
both in quality and in design.
A. superior than
B. superior to
C. more
superior than
D. more
superior to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这个录音机的质量和设计都优于那个。far superior
to…远远强于；远远高出。superior与其他少数以ior结尾的形容词，如inferior（次于），junior（年幼的；下级的）， senior（年长的，上级的）等本身就有比较的意思，不再使用比较级，后面常与介系词to连用。
27 ______, it is quite easy to drill a
hole on it with a laser.
A. Hard
although the diamond is
B. How hard is
the diamond
C. Hard as the
diamond is
D. As the
diamond is hard
【答案】C
【解析】句意：尽管钻石很坚硬，用激光却能很轻易地在上面钻孔。开头句是as引导的让步状语从句，要用倒装语序，前面放形容词、副词或名词。再加as，再接句子剩余成分。
28 Greatly agitated, I rushed to the
apartment and tried the door, _____ to find it locked.
A. only
B. just
C. hence
D. thus
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我感到十分地焦躁不安，冲去公寓敲门，却发现门是锁着的。only
to find表达“意外地发现什么事情”，通常设想的结果与实际结果不符。
29 Right at the moment a lot of attention
_____ children who leave school unable to read or write.
A. is given
B. is being
given
C. has been
given
D. will be
given
【答案】B
【解析】句意：现在大家都很关注那些离开学校不能读写的孩子。right
at the moment表示现在进行时的时态，give attention变被动。故选B。
30 He casually didn’t see the man _____
the room, but he heard them _____ in it.
A. to enter,
laugh
B. enter, to
laugh
C. to enter,
laughing
D. enter,
laughing
【答案】D
【解析】句意：他没留意到有人进房间，但是他听到了他们的笑声传出来。see
sb. do sth.看见某人做某事，强调动作全过程。hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在干某事，强调正在发生。
Part Ⅱ. Cloze (30
points, 2 for each)
Directions: There are 10
questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and
choose one suitable word phrase A, B, C, or for each blank in the passage.
Write the corresponding of the word or phrase you have chosen on your Answer
Sheet.
Researchers produced
evidence to support what most of us already knew—that a cup of tea is the
answer to any crisis.
Dr. Malcolm
Cross, a psychologist at City University London, tested the anxiety levels of a
group of people following a 31______ situation and revealed that even a single
cup of tea has a 32______ calming effect. His team gave 42 volunteers a mental
arithmetic exam and 33______ offered half of them a cup of tea and the other
half a glass of water. The water group’s anxiety levels soared 34______ 25 percent
compared to before the task, 35______ the tea group actually reported a four
percent reduction in anxiety—despite the difficult test, they were more relaxed
than when they started.
According to a
survey carried out for the research, 68 percent of Britons 36______ tea in a dilemma,
making it the nation’s most common response to trouble of 37______ kind. About
60 percent said the promise of comfort and warmth was the main reason for
putting the kettle on. “The 38______ of making and drinking tea—particularly
during times of stress—is at the very 39______ of British culture, “Cross said.
This study shows
that the social psychological 40______ of tea enhance the effects of its
chemical make-up on our bodies and brains.
31 A. light-hearted
B. serious
C. comfortable
D. stressful
32 A. significant
B. rigorous
C. severe
D. selective
33 A. previously
B. afterwards
C. resides
D. lately
34 A. on
B. in
C. by
D. at
35 A. while
B. however
C. meanwhile
D. nevertheless
36 A. give up
B. owe to
C. look on
D. turn to
37 A. whichever
B. whatever
C. however
D. whoever
38 A. ceremony
B. function
C. ritual
D. observance
39 A. beginning
B. moment
C. end
D. core
40 A. aspects
B. faces
C. sites
D. ways
【答案与解析】
31D 根据上下文可知，该实验主要测试喝茶前后的压力值anxiety，可知是在面临压力比较答的情况下。因此选stressful更贴切。
32A 根据上文“even a single cup”可知，此处应强调即使一杯茶也有显著的缓解压力的效果。前后产生对比，故选significant显著的。
33B 此句描述实验的流程，先测试参与实验者的压力值，然后再进行分组，一组喝茶，一组喝水。表示动作的先后顺序，故选afterwards。previously之前的。lately近来的。
34C 表示百分比的变化幅度用介词by，此处表示喝水那组的压力值比任务开始之前增加了25%。
35A 此处上下句轻微转折，将喝茶组与喝水组的压力值进行对比。while在句中自然衔接表对比，与however相比，程度弱一些。
36D 原文意为“调查显示，68%的英国人在面临困境时，会求助于茶。”turn to求助于。give up放弃。owe to把……归功于。look on旁观；面向。
37B 原文意为“不管英国人遇到何种困难，喝茶都是大家最普遍的应对方法。”trouble of whatever kind可还原为whatever kind of trouble各种各样的困难。
38D 面临压力和挑战施泡茶喝茶已经是英国人的惯例传统。observance惯例；习惯。ceremony仪式；典礼。function 功能。ritual仪规；礼节；（尤指）宗教仪式。
39D 在面临困境的时候喝茶是英国人的惯例，也称为英国文化的核心组成部分。core核心；精髓。
40A 原句意为“研究显示，茶的社会心理方面的特性，有利于提高其在身体和大脑内化学合成的效果”。aspects特性。
Part Ⅲ. Reading
Comprehension (30 points, 3 for each)
Directions: In this section there
are two passages followed by questions, each with four suggested answers marked
A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Write your
answers on your Answer Sheet.
Passage
Ⅰ
The subconscious
mind never sleeps; the creative process never stops. If you’re a writer, that
means you can “write” while you sleep. The key to achieving this seemingly unbelievable
feat lies in knowing how to make the most of a very natural sleep phenomenon— dreaming.
If you plan your dreams carefully, they will direct you to the writer’s that
you want for yourself.
Let’s say the
main character in your story doesn’t yet seem like a real person to you. Plan a
dream about her. To prepare for the dream, write a description in your notebook
of the character’s personality, physical traits, tastes in music and
art—whatever unique characteristics you intend to give her. As you’re dropping
off to sheep, think about your main character and five of her physical and
personality traits. How does she look? What color are her eyes and hair? Is she
tall, chubby, feminine, pretty? Is she witty, charming, sarcastic, aggressive,
bright, sympathetic?
Give yourself the
following suggestion ten times: “In my dream, I’ll see…, the main character
in my stow. I’ll picture her face, see her in action, and remember all the
details of the dream.” Drop off to sleep.
When you wake up
the next morning, keep your eyes closed. Let the images that filled your mind
during the dream return. Then write down everything you can remember.
The first few
nights after practicing the exercises, you may have only a vague dream about
your character; but each night after that, the dream will become more vivid.
Your dreams can
also help you with the plot. When you’re working on a story, you sometimes
reach an impasse—“Where should I go from here?” Your dreams call provides you
with realistic options, spicy subplots, and believable complications for your
story.
41 What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Dreaming is
natural to a writer.
B. Dreaming may
make you become anyone you want.
C. Dreams can
stir your imagination as a writer.
D. Dreams can
help you solve some of your problems.
42 What does the author say is the proper
time to write your story?
A. In the
morning.
B. In the
afternoon.
C. As you are
dropping off.
D. When you
awake at midnight.
43 To “keep your eyes closed” is for the
purpose of _____.
A. planning
your daytime work
B. working out
the unfinished plot
C. cleaning
your mind before getting up
D. thinking
over what happened in the dream
44 According to the author, if you keep
dreaming, your character in the dream would become _____.
A. unrealistic
B. more spicy
C. less vague
D. less
attractive
45 It can be inferred that a writer who
makes most of his dreams is likely to be _____.
A. aggressive
B. sarcastic
C. sympathetic
D. productive
【答案与解析】
41C 文章主要谈论的是梦境对作家的作用，重点描写了作家应该怎样制造自己的梦境，并利用梦来写作。所以中心议题就是梦境可以激发作家的想象力，刺激写作。
42C 本题由第二段“As you’re dropping off to sheep, think about your main character…”可知，准备故事最好在将要入睡的时候，这样梦境里才会出现自己的故事情节和人物。
43D 定位倒数第三段，由“Let the images that filled your mind during the dream return. Then
write down everything you can remember.”可知，闭上眼睛是为了回忆梦里的情景，然后尽可能地把能记得住的都写下来。
44C 定位倒数第二段，开始几个晚上做梦可能留下的印象很模糊，而后面就会愈发清晰，“the dream will become more vivid”，即less vague。
45D 综合全文，作者首先强调作家可以利用自己的梦称为自己想成为的人，而最后一段也重申梦不经能够帮助塑造人物，还可以帮助制造各种情节丰富你的写作。所以能够好好利用梦的作家可以又丰富的创作灵感，很可能称为多产作家。productive多产的。aggressive好斗的。sarcastic挖苦的。sympathetic富有同情心的。
Passage
Ⅱ
Kalvero Oberg
describes four stages that people go through when they experience situations
that are very different from those to which they are accustomed. Stage one is a
honeymoon phase, during which the new experience is perceived to be
interesting, picturesque, and charming. You may notice several superficial
differences such as music, food, and clothing, and the fresh appeal of the new
experience keeps you feeling interested and positive.
When you stay in
a new environment for a while, you move to stage two—the crisis stage—in which
the shine wears off and day-to-day realities sink in. In a relationship, you notice
annoying habits; in a new country, you find barriers to establishing
connections or to learning the language beyond a few polite phrases. Suddenly,
your new major includes a class or a professor you dislike. The difficulties
and unpleasantness of reality replace the charming and picturesque “honeymoon”.
However, if you stick with the experience and try to deal with it
realistically, you will probably move to the third phase of culture shock:
recovery.
In recovery, you
learn the systems, procedures, language, or nonverbal behaviours of the new
environment so that you can cope with it on the basis of some mastery,
competence, and comfort. For example, after about two weeks in London, you
begin to feel familiar with traveling by “tube”, paying in the correct
currency, and using some phrases that are unique to English people. You have
the advantage of speaking the same basic language and of sharing a great deal
with the English in some broad, cultural aspects. In a country that is very
different from your own, it would probably take you longer to move into the
recovery phase.
Finally, the
fourth, or adjustment, phase occurs, when you feel that you function well and
almost automatically in the new culture. You no longer need to make mental conversations
of the country’s money and it is relatively easy for you to adjust to social customs.
A greater enjoyment of the new experience is now possible, and you may regain
some of the initial positive regard you had in the honeymoon stage. If you stay
long enough on a visit from a big city to a small town, or, the other way
round, you may become so well adapted to the new environment that when you
return to your original home. You will again experience culture shock.
46 According to Oberg, people go through
four stages when _____.
A. their new
experience is interesting and entertaining
B. they have to
adapt to new and unfamiliar situations
C. the customs
of the new situation are negative
D. their new
spouse is very different from their perception
47 Which of the following is true about
the crisis stage?
A. The sunshine
Wears on and the relationship breaks.
B. The annoying
realities remove the happiness of honeymoon stage.
C. The difficult
situations make the newcomers go back to home countries.
D. It’s hard to
learn the language for a new polite phrase.
48 People may not move to the third phase,
recovery, if they _____.
A. are not
capable of changing their unsuitable personalities
B. give up and
cannot view the situation from a realistic viewpoint
C. cannot grasp
the nonverbal behaviours of the new environment
D. stick with
the unhappiness and deal with it realistically
49 If a person returns to his home country
after a long enough visit to a host country, he may _____.
A. obtain
better abilities to adapt to new environment
B. regain some
of the initial positive regard
C. no longer
live in small towns
D. go through
the four stages of cultural shock again
50 It can be inferred from the text that
when one moves to a new environment, his adaptation process is _____.
A. happy, sad,
familiar, and enjoying
B. positive,
comfortable, happy, and enthusiastic
C. happy,
upset, unique, and advocating
D. unhappy,
upset, comfortable and positive
【答案与解析】
46B 由第一段“…they experience situations that are very different from those to
which they are accustomed.”可知，Oberg提出的四阶段理论适用于当人们脱离自己熟悉的环境，面临新的，不同的环境会经历的情况下。
47B 第二段讨论危机阶段。“The difficulties and unpleasantness of reality replace the charming and
picturesque “honeymoon””，所以在这个阶段，之前的新鲜与美好已经被困难和阻碍替代。这时候在各个方面人们会有更多负面的发现。A、C、D项都是具体的例子，但是扭曲或夸张了文意，与原文不符。
48B 第二段最后一句提到“…if you stick with the experience and try to deal with it
realistically, you will probably move to the third phase of culture shock:
recovery.”。即如果坚持下去，直面问题并解决，人们就会过渡到下一个阶段，复原阶段。反之，如果放弃并逃避问题，就无法进入下一阶段。
49D 文章最后一句，“…when you return to your original home. You will again experience
culture shock”可知，当在一个新环境里待足够长的时间适应之后再回到原来的环境中，还会遭遇一次冲击。
50C 根据四阶段分别对应每个阶段人们的感受。第一阶段蜜月期，感情是快乐的happy；第二阶段危机期，感受到挫败upset；第三阶段复原期，人们发现并开始适应新环境的新特点unique；第四阶段适应期，彻底适应，如鱼得水，所以是自觉拥护，即advocating。
Part Ⅳ. Translation
(30 points)
Section A
Directions: Translate the following passage from English into Chinese. (15points)
As with anything
carried to excess, daydreaming can be harmful. There are always those who would
substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity. But such extremes are
relatively rare, and there is a growing body of evidence to support the fact
that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it.
We are now beginning to learn how valuable it really is and that when
individuals are completely prevented from daydreaming, their emotional balance
can be disturbed. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressures of day-to-day
existence, but also their self-control and self-direction become endangered.
【参考译文】
任何东西，只要过度，都会有害，做白日梦都也是如此。他们用想入非非的生活来代替从实际活动得到的好处。但这种极端的想法相对来说很罕见，而且越来越多的证据表明现在大多数受白日做梦过少而不是过多之苦。现在我们渐渐认识到做白日梦的重要作用。如果一个人完全不做白日梦的话，他自身感情上的一种平衡状态将会被打破。这样不仅会让他应对日常生活压力的能力减弱，也会危及他的自制力和自我导向能力。
Section B
Directions: Translate the following passage
from Chinese into English. (15points)
名声、财产、知识等等是身外之物，人人都可求而得之，但没有人能够代替你感受人生。你死之后，没有人能够代替你再活一次。如果你真正意识到了这一点，你就会明白，活在世上，最重要的事就是活出你自己的特色和滋味来。你的人生是否有意义，衡量的标准不是外在的成功，而是你对人生意义的独特领悟和坚守，从而使你的自我闪放出个性的光华。(周国平)
【参考译文】
Fame, wealth, and
knowledge are merely mundane possessions which could be achieved by anybody
striving for them. But your experience and feelings concerning life are your
own and not to be shared. No one can live your life once again after your
death. A full awareness of this will dawn on you that the most important thing
in your life is your distinctive individuality or something typical of
yourself. What matters is not your worldly success but your peculiar insight
into the significance of life and your commitment to it, which can polish your
personality. (Zhou Guoping)
Part Ⅴ. Writing (30
points)
Should a city try to preserve its old,
historic buildings or destroy them and replace them with modern buildings? Use
specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Write an essay of about
300 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.
In the first part of your essay you
should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should
support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should
bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
【参考范文】
The Value of Old Buildings
These days, many cities build modern buildings and some believe
that the old building is out of date and should be replaced by shining modern
ones. They actually fail to realize the value of the historic buildings. Actually,
preservation and restoration plays a cultural role and secondly it is of
economic merit. This reality brings to light the importance of locating and
saving buildings of historic significance.
The old and historic buildings should be valued by us as
they pave the way for us to understand our culture and then identify with it. The
various buildings spread across the nation are architectural testimonies to its
diverse cultural history—a heritage that speaks of our glorious past.
Thus, there is no doubt that preservation, conservation and restoration of the
heritage buildings is of utmost importance. They should be conserved and
preserved as they are part of our ancestral property. They convey our history
to the following generations. A historic site may be any building, landscape,
site or structure that is of local, regional, or national significance. Without
the knowledge of these we can never be a complete citizen of the nation.
In addition, preserving the old buildings can be beneficial
for us not only from cultural perspective, but also from practical perspective.
Some old but well-designed and well-constructed buildings can be inspiring for us
to solve modern design and construction problems. There are also economic
reasons to preserve old buildings, as it is often less expensive to maintain or
retrofit an old structure than demolish it and build anew. Furthermore, by
preserving historical buildings a city can attract many travelers which will
boost the local economy by generating many benefits including money, which in
turn can be spent on preserving historical buildings as well as on improving
roads and facilities.
To sum up, I believe that preserving old, historical
buildings are significantly important for our culture as well as economy. After
all, when you tear down an old building, you never know what’s being destroyed.
Old buildings have intrinsic value and we should pay great attention to
preserving them.
【范文点评】
作文要求论述是否已改保留老的历史性建筑，以现代建筑取而代之。范文选择支持保留历史性建筑，第一段阐明观点，应该保留历史性建筑，因为它们不仅具有文化价值，还可以带来经济利益。第二段从文化价值入手，讨论历史建筑是了解自己国家历史文化也是是个人文化身份认同的重要载体；第三段从经济角度入手，论述了历史建筑对现代人的启发意义，它们的旅游效益等。最后一段重申观点，倡导保留老建筑。结构清晰，论点明确。
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