青岛科技大学基础英语考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 青岛科技大学外国语学院《630基础英语》历年考研真题汇总

2. 全国名校基础英语考研真题

考研指导书

1. 张汉熙《高级英语（1）》（第3版重排版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

2. 张汉熙《高级英语（2）》（第3版重排版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

青岛科技大学外国语学院《630基础英语》历年考研真题汇总

书籍目录

部分内容

2012年青岛科技大学630基础英语考研真题

青 岛 科 技 大 学

二○一二年硕士研究生入学考试试题

考试科目：基础英语

注意事项：1．本试卷共 四 道大题（共计60 个小题），满分 150  分；

2．本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上或草纸上均无效。要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；

3．必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。　 

﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡

Part I Vocabulary and
Grammar. Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that you think is the most
appropriate from the four choices given below. (30 points)

1. The manager vowed to revenge the ______ insult of his competing
counterpart yesterday.

A. calculated B.
outrageous C. intentioned D.
selfish

2. Almost any solid ______ can be called
dust if it is light enough to float in the air.

A.
waste  B. spot C.  Metal D. speck

3. We heard wolves ______ mournfully somewhere nearby in the
complete darkness when we camped in the forest last weekend.

 A.
barking B. roaring C.
howling D. growling

4.The sweater he bought last week ______ after he washed it.

A. shrank B.
shortened C. decreased D.
lessened

5. As a result of sluggish business, the boss of the company is
urging his clerks to be ______ with electricity.

A. economics
B. economical C. stingy D.
thrifty

6. The minister has to provide a very ______explanation for the new
medical care reform.

A. compulsory　  B.
comprehensive　  C. sophisticated　  D. understanding

7. They sell their military equipment to whoever needs it with the ______
purpose of making profit.

A.
only  B. unique  C.
singular  D. sole

8. No one believed that such a little girl
could ______ the things well ahead.

A. reconcile
B. suspect C. forsake D.
anticipate

9. Tom’s lecture was careful and ______ but his words did not seem
to make much sense.

A. distinct
B. distinguished C.
distinguishable D. distinctive

10. The most ______ of all Olympic events is the decathlon (a sports
competition with 10different events).

A. creative
B. excited C. gruesome D.
grueling

11. As it ______ the effects of high temperatures, rhenium is a
valuable ingredient in certain alloys.

A. resists B
withholds C. reduces D.
discharges

12. In ancient China, thunder was believed to be a manifestation of
the ______ of the gods.

A. spirit B.
power C. wrath D. sorrow

13. The African quality of his music is ______ in the art that
people of his generation enjoyed.

A. inborn B.
ingrained C. impregnated D.
included

14. I am in no ______ this evening to
listen to his silly jokes.

A. feeling  B.
attitude  C. mood  D.
tendency

15. The young scientist became known for his ______ into the
distribution of the wild species in this part of the region.

A. examination B.
exposition C. research D.
account

16. As soon as World War II ended, Einstein urged that atomic energy
______ to peaceful uses.

A. be put  B. is
put C. will be put  D.
would be put

17.You ______ the washing-up. I would have done it for you.

A. needn’t have done B. didn’t need
to have done

C. weren’t
to　  D. mustn’t
have done

18. The professor is very busy ______ for the examination now.
Please come again at some other time.

A. preparing B.
prepared C. being
prepared  D. to prepared

19. Next time we go house-hunting, remember ______ the agent for
very clear directions. I wasted hours ______ the last house.

A. to ask; to look for  B. to
ask; looking for

C. asking; looking for D. asking; to
look for

20. It is a common expression to characterize something as “light as
air”, but air is ______ “light”.

A. so　 B.
rather  C.
hardly　 D. somewhat

21. The stout fellow over there is ______ the great magician Charlie
Steward, himself.

A. no other than　  B. none other
than C. no other than D. no one
but

22. In the new movie she wore, ______ was very uncommon in the
country, a scarlet coat.

A. what　 B.
that　 C. of
what　 D. the

23.Robinson Crusoe was hungry ______ human companionship.

A. for　 B.
about　 C.
of　 D. with

24. Among all the students in this class, Tony is the quickest one ______
figures.

A. to　 B.
for　 C.
in　 D. at

25.I’m very hopeful ______ passing the course.

A. for　 B.
about　 C.
in　 D. on

26.He was laid ______ for six weeks with two broken ribs.

A. away  B.
down  C. by  D. up

27. The population ______ their flags to celebrate the return of
their victorious team.

A. hung out B. hung
together C. hung behind D. hung
over

28. As a citizen it is important to ______
with your neighbors.

A. keep
in  B. keep off C. keep out
D. keep on

29. The government has ______ new measures
to combat inflation.

A. brought
in B. brought about C. brought
on D. brought up

30. The idea of a balanced diet is very difficult to ______ to
anyone who knows little about food values.

A. put
through B. put across C. take
in D. make over

Part II Reading
Comprehension (40 points)

Read the following essay
carefully, and then, answer the questions in Section A, B, C, and D.

How
to Avoid Foolish Opinions

1．To avoid
the various foolish opinions to which mankind is prone, no superhuman genius is
required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all errors, but from silly
ones.

2．If the
matter is one that can be settled by observation, make it yourself. Aristotle
could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men
by simply asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He did
not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you
don’t is a fatal mistake, to which we are all prone. I believe hedgehogs eat
black beetles, because I have been told that they do; but if I were writing a
book on the habits of hedgehogs, I shouldn’t commit myself until I had seen one
enjoying this unappetizing diet. Aristotle, however, was less cautious. Ancient
and medieval authors knew all about unicorns and salamander; not one of them
thought it necessary to avoid dogmatic statements about them because he had
never seen one of them.

3．Many
matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of experience. If you
have passionate convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you
can make yourself aware of your own bias. If an opinion contrary to your own
makes you angry, that is a sign that you are subconsciously aware of having no
good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two are
five, or that Iceland is on the equator, you feel pity rather than anger,
unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes
your own contrary conviction. The most savage controversies are those about
matters as to which there is no good evidence either way. Persecution is used
in theology, not in arithmetic, because in arithmetic there is knowledge, but
in theology there is only opinion. So whenever you find yourself getting angry
about a difference of opinion, be on guard; you’ll probably find, on
examination, that your belief is going beyond what the evidence warrants.

4．A good
way of riding yourself of certain kinds of dogmatism is to become aware of
opinions held in social circles different from yours. When I was young, I lived
much outside my own country, and I found this very profitable in diminishing
the intensity of insular prejudice. If you can’t travel, seek out people with
whom you disagree, and read a newspaper belonging to a party that is not
yours.  If the people and the newspaper seem mad, perverse, and wicked,
remind yourself that you seem so to them. In this opinion both parties may be
right, but they can’t both be wrong. This reflection should generate a certain
caution.

5．For
those who have enough psychological imagination, it is a good plan to imagine
an argument with a person having a different bias. This has one advantage: the
method is not subject to the same limitations of time and space. Mahatma Gandhi
deplored railways and steamboats and machinery; he would have liked to remove
the effect of the whole of the industrial revolution. You may never have an
opportunity of actually meeting any one who holds this opinion, because in
Western countries most people take the advantages of modern technique for
granted. But if you want to make sure you are right in agreeing with the
prevailing opinion, you’ll find it a good plan to test the arguments that occur
to you by considering what Gandhi might have said in refutation of them. I have
sometimes been led actually to change my mind as a result of this kind of
imaginary dialogue, and short of this, I have frequently found myself growing
less dogmatic and cocksure through realizing the possible reasonableness of a
hypothetical opponent.

6．Be
very wary of opinions that flatter your self-esteem. Both men and women, nine
times out of ten, are firmly convinced of the superior excellence of their own
sex. There is abundant evidence on both sides. If you are a man, you can point
out that most poets and men of science are male; if you are a woman, you can
retort that so are most criminals. The question is inherently insoluble, but
self-esteem conceals this from most people. We are all persuaded that our own
nation is superior to others. Seeing that each nation has it characteristic
merits and demerits, we adjust our standard of values so as to make out that
the merits possessed by our nation are the really important ones, while its
demerits are comparatively trivial. Here, again, the rational man will admit
that the question is one to which there is no demonstrably right answer. It is
more difficult to deal with the self-esteem of man as man, because we cannot
argue out the matter with some non-human. The only way I know of dealing with
this general human conceit is to remind ourselves that man is a brief episode
in the life of a small planet in a little corner of the universe, and that for
aught we know, other parts of the cosmos may contain beings as superior to
ourselves as we are to jelly-fish.

Section A. Answer the
following questions. (15%)

31. The title of this essay is an adaptation of a phase from its
first paragraph. Is there any other phrase in the first paragraph which could
be used to make up a good title for the essay? If so, what is it?

32. What are the “simple rules” which the author suggests in his
essay? What are the examples does the author use to illustrate his rules
respectively?

33. What, in the author’s opinion, is the difference between
knowledge and opinion?

34. There is one statement in Para. 2 which is ironical, i.e. it
means the opposite of what it appears. What is the statement?

35. “The author’s main point is that we should not believe strongly
in anything.” Is this correct? If so, why do you agree with the author? If not,
how would you change the statement?

Section B. Read the
short extract given below and answer the questions by choosing the best
alternative (a, b, c, d) under each. (10%)

“If an opinion
contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are subconsciously
aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains
that two and two are five, or that Iceland is on the equator, you feel pity
rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that
his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction.”

36.The second sentence______

(a) simply adds a further point to
the argument already stated in the first sentence.

(b) illustrates the point made in
the first sentence.

(c) builds up the argument of the first sentence by restating
it from the opposite point of view.

(d) makes the main point which has
only been introduced by the first sentence.

37. If someone else’s opinion makes us
angry, it means that ______

(a) our own opinion is not based on good reasons and we know
this subconsciously.’

(b) we are not consciously aware of
having no good reason for becoming angry.

(c) we are subconsciously aware of
having no good reason for becoming angry.　

(d) there may be good reasons for his opinion but we are not
consciously aware of them.

38.The author mentions arithmetic and geography because ______

(a) we should know both subjects in order to avoid foolish
opinions.

(b) many foolish opinions and unnecessary arguments occur in
those two subjects.

(c) the two opinions he has mentioned already have to do with
those subjects.

(d) he himself is very knowledgeable about those two
subjects.

39．“… your own contrary conviction” refers to ______

(a) the opinion that two and two are five and that Iceland is
on the equator.

(b) the fact that you know so little about arithmetic or
geography.

(c) the fact that you feel pity rather than anger.

(d) the opinion that two and two are four and that Iceland is
a long way from the equator.

40.The main point of these two sentences is ______

(a) that we should feel pity rather than anger when someone
disagree with us.

(b) that we shouldn’t be angry with people who hold foolish
opinions.

(c) that one way of avoiding foolish opinions is to feel pity
rather than anger.

(d) that we can test our own opinion by finding out whether
we feel pity or anger when someone disagrees with us.

Section C. Find single
words or phrases in this essay which have roughly the meanings given below.
(10%)

41.conscious of

42.narrow-minded

43.regretted the existence of

44.good opinion of oneself

45.ending in death or disaster

46.making yourself free from

47.prejudice

48.thinking too highly of oneself

49.unreasonable; wrong

50.feel unhappy about; dislike

Section D. Match the
words given under List A with the meanings given under List B. List B has some
extra items. (5%)

　 
A　
B

51.
inherently 
(a) fierce; cruel

52.
episode　 
(b) quite certain

53.
retort 
(c) answer back quickly

54.
cosmos　 
(d) inside

55.
persecution
(e) fashionable

56.
savage
(f) unreasonable punishment

57.
cocksure　
(g) instinctively

58.
prevailing 
(h) one event in a series of events

59.
subconsciously 
(i) careful

60.
wary 
(j) going to a court of law

　 
(k) by its very nature

　 
(l) power; snow

　 
(m) universe

Part III Translation (50
points)

Section A. Translate the
following passage into English. (25%)

笔者日前买了台电脑，喜滋滋地上网交友。谁知打开电脑映入眼帘的不少是难以入目的低级趣味和无所顾忌的调侃，令我大失所望。网上交友是通讯技术的进步，缩短了人与人情感交流的空间，但决非是低级趣味沉渣泛滥的空间。虽然作者大多是用化名，但灵魂的空虚和彷徨却暴露无遗。时下，网上交友大多是青少年，有关方面应当站岗放哨，给网友一个晴朗的空间。不妨开展一些诸如网上格言正文、评比之类的活动，用高尚的情感、雅俗共赏的文笔、幽默活泼的文风，陶冶网友的情操，沐浴精神文明的阳光雨露。

Section B. Translate the
following passage into Chinese. (25%)

Benjamin Franklin, more than 200
years ago, noted in a Poor Richard’s Almanac, “the used sky is always bright”.
This homely saying, it seems to me, applies with relevance to the place of education
in today’s worl D．
It is the sky to a meaningful life. And its possessor finds that with
continuing use, it is a key, which he will keep bright for all of his days. The
bright key of education is of surpassing importance in all activities of our society.
Business, a segment at one time not characterized by a high intellectual level,
now avidly seeks educated people. As never before, our complex industries
depend upon them for continuing growth and progress.

Part IV Writing (30
points)

Friendship is generally
regarded as one of the most important human relationships in one’s life. Please
write an article of approximately 300words on this issue. In the first part of
your writing you are supposed to present your statement, followed by your
support with appropriate details. In the last part you bring what you have
written to a natural conclusion with a summary. Marks will be awarded for
content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.

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