西安工程大学830英语综合知识考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 西安工程大学人文与社会科学学院《830英语综合知识》历年考研真题汇总

2. 全国名校英语翻译与写作考研真题汇总

3. 全国名校英语语言学考研真题

考研指导书

1. 丁往道《英语写作手册（中文版）》（第2版）笔记和考研真题

2. 胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）笔记和考研真题

3. 胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】

西安工程大学人文与社会科学学院《830英语综合知识》历年考研真题汇总

书籍目录

部分内容

2016年西安工程大学《830英语综合知识》考研真题

I. Briefly define the following terms in English and write down the item numbers and your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points, 2 points each)

1 morpheme

2 alliteration

3 alphabetisms

4 glides

5 polysemes

6 gender

7 pragmatics

8 reference

9 concord

10 blending

II. Briefly explain in English in what way the following terms are different. Write down the item numbers and your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points, 4 points each)

1 morph and allomorph

2 surface structure and deep structure

3 recessive dissimilation and progressive dissimilation

4 gradable antonyms and relational antonyms

5 content words and function words

III. Answer the following questions in English. Write down the item numbers and your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30point, 5 points each)

1 Exemplify the broad and narrow phonetic transcription.

2 What are the mam types of deixis?

3 Briefly explain the basic idea of the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis and give your comments.

4 How to have a good expository writing?

5 What is a performative utterance? How are performative utterances classified?

6 What’s the relation between writing and speech?

IV. Read the following passage and complete an abstract. Write down your abstract on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

A third kind of thinking is stimulated when anyone questions our beliefs and opinions. We sometimes find ourselves changing our minds without any resistance or heavy emotion, but if we are told that we are wrong we resent the imputation and harden our hearts. We are incredibly heedless in the formation of our beliefs, but find ourselves filled with an illicit passion for them when anyone proposes to rob us of their companionship. It is obviously not the ideas themselves that are dear to us, but our self-esteem, which is threatened. We are by nature stubbornly pledged to defend our own from attack, whether it be our person, our family, our property, or our opinion. We may surrender, but rarely confess ourselves vanquished. In the intellectual world at least, peace is without victory.

Few of us take the pains to study the origin of our cherished convictions; indeed, we have a natural repugnance to so doing. We like to continue to believe what we have been accustomed to accept as true, and the resentment aroused when doubt is cast upon any of our assumptions leads us to seek every manner of excuse for clinging to them. The result is that most of our so-called reasoning consists in finding arguments for going on believing as we already do.

V. Identify the rhetorical device used in each of the following sentences. Write down the item numbers and your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)

1 The president was conspicuously absent on that occasion.

2 “Fantastic! Fantastic!” he pointed at the manager angrily.

3 The assistant kept a respectful distance from his boss when they were walking in the corridor.

4 The picture of those poor people’s lives was carved so sharply in his heart that he could never forget it.

5 Wrong ideas may harm a man just like diseases.

6 When the war was over, he laid down the sword and took up the pen.

7 His writing is clear and clean.

8 Thunder roared and a pouring rain started.

9 The poor washwoman passed away with the desire to contribute more to her duty.

10 The farms were short of hands during the harvest season.

VI. Translate the passage from English into Chinese. Write down your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

It is interesting that many of the English make a compromise. More or less the same physical distance is maintained for everybody, whether they are intimate or distant. The English consider an intrusion into the personal space without an invitation odd and possibly threatening.

The social space is partly symbolic and invisible and hence dealt with through gestures, postures and language. But it is also partly physical, and thus can be observed in body distance. The range of acceptable body distance varies with the degree of intimacy and equality that is thought to exist in the relationship.

At one extreme is “untouchable”, whether literally or through keeping one’s distance, as when a nobleman finds it distasteful to be close to a commoner. At the other extreme are what can be found in certain tribal and peasant societies. Here there is, within the group, very little social and physical distance. So people will often stand or sit disconcertingly close for a Westerner’s tastes—while some Africans find that Westerners appear aloof and stand too far away.

VII. Translate the passage from Chinese into English. Write down your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

林纾夫人的病逝使他郁郁寡欢，适逢此时，他认识了从法国归来的王寿昌，后者劝林纾与他合译《茶花女》(Camille)，以排遣忧愁。这样，不懂外语但有深厚古文修养的林纾借助王寿昌的口译解说，用文言完成了译作《巴黎茶花女遗事》(The Tragedy of Camille)。此书一经出版，轰动一时，名扬天下。从此，林纾一发不可收，一生共翻译外国文学作品180余部。一位不懂外文的古文家竟成为中国近代最著名的翻译家。

林纾晚年成为新文化运动最激烈的攻击者，然而他最大的贡献恰恰在于以其译作推动了近代文学的发展。“五四”时期，几乎所有著名的作家都坦言曾受到林译小说的滋养，正是林译小说使他们对外国文学产生了浓厚的兴趣，并开始寻求利用异国文化资源来建立新文学。可以说，林纾最终用自己的译作使他们开始向新文学和新文化过渡，并亲手埋葬了自己最执着的传统文学与文化。

VIII. Write a composition on “Language Learning and Globalization” on the ANSWER SHEET. You should use your own ideas, knowledge or experience to generate support for your argument. Your composition should be of no less than 400 words. (25 points)

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