考研真题
1. 西安外国语大学《241英语二外》历年考研真题
2. 全国名校二外英语考研真题
考研指导书
1. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】
2. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（2）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】
3. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（3）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】
4. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（4）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】
西安外国语大学《241英语二外》历年考研真题AI讲解
书籍目录
2005年西安外国语大学211英语二外考研真题
2005年西安外国语大学211英语二外考研真题及详解
2006年西安外国语大学211英语二外考研真题
2006年西安外国语大学211英语二外考研真题及详解
部分内容
2005年西安外国语大学211英语二外考研真题
Part I. Structure and
Vocabulary (20 points)
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following
sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that
best completes the sentence and write your answer on the answer sheet.
1 _____ at the meeting that everyone
present was convinced.
A. So forcefully
he speak
B. So forcefully
was he spoken
C. So forcefully
did he speak
D. So forcefully
has he spoken
2 Helen probably _____ her rapid recovery,
to her husband’s devoted care.
A. was owing
B. owned
C. owed
D. was owning
3 The young girl was chosen to ______ our
school for a diving competition in Asia.
A. represent
B. recall
C. respect
D. resemble
4 Our society _____ on “making it” that we
assume that any failure is bad.
A. takes so much
emphasis
B. gets so much
emphasis
C. stresses so
much emphasis
D. places so
much emphasis
5 The couple can _____ on their income at the moment, but they’ll
need more money when their son goes to school.
A. get off
B. get by
C. get back
D. get about
6 The ozone layer ______ the earth from
harmful radiation.
A. shades
B. shields
C. shadows
D. shapes
7 The boy took an apple and ______ it into
quarters.
A. divided
B. decided
C. decreased
D. distributed
8 Having worked for five years, she is
extremely well ______ for the job.
A. superior
B. satisfied
C. qualified
D. abundant
9 She rang up to _____ when her car would
be ready.
A. inquire
B. require
C. acquire
D. expire
10 Barbara ______ a job-training program
in the city to learn computer operation.
A. signed to
B. applied to
C. signed up
for
D. made for
11 When she was in danger, she screamed
and some passers-by came to her _____.
A. safe
B. way
C. mind
D. rescue
12 It is urgent that the police ______
informed about those strange phone calls.
A. will be
B. are
C. have to be
D. be
13 ______ criticizing Alice for what she
has done, the teacher praised her highly for it.
A. Thanks to
B. Instead of
C. Owing to
D. In spite of
14 Usually excellent work leads to
frequent pay increase and _____.
A. progress
B. advance
C. promotion
D. lift
15 Attempts to swim across the English Channel have been made by
over 3,700 people, but _____ have succeeded.
A. of whom only
298
B. of them only
298
C. only 298 of
them
D. only 298 of
whom
16 You should save your work often as a
_____ against computer failure.
A. precaution
B. preparation
C. presentation
D. prescription
17 The boy _____ to be the descendant of
the rich businessman.
A. clapped
B. claimed
C. decided
D. demanded
18 Reform is rather difficult, for it will
face the _____ between tradition and innovation.
A. tissue
B. matter
C. solution
D. conflict
19 Seeing the children in the park _____ thoughts of her own sons
on the other side of the Atlantic.
A. arose
B. prompted
C. encouraged
D. brought
20 They _____ bravely against repeated
enemy bombing.
A. held down
B. held on
C. held up
D. held out
Part II. Cloze Test
(15points)
Directions: For each numbered blank in the
following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best
one and write your answer on the answer sheet.
Silas Minton’s
funeral was a quiet affair. It was attended by the only relations he had in the
world, his niece and nephew, and by a few friends. The priest who 1 over a hundred miles into this wild part of the county was now
getting 2 for the simple ceremony. Minton, 3 ‘Minty’ as his friends used to call him, 4 a
hard life 5 for gold in a lonely part of Western
Australia. He had always refused to work in a gold mine 6 he
believed that he could do better 7 his own.
Although he was not a boastful(夸口的)person, he had often declared that one day he 8 find a lump(块) of gold as big as his head and 9 he
would retire and live in 10 for the rest of his
life. But his dreams of great wealth 11 came
true. For many years he had hardly earned enough money to keep himself 12 .
Two men now
gently lifted the rough wooden box that 13 Minty’s
body, but they almost dropped it when they heard a loud cry from the
grave-digger. His spade(铁鍬)had struck something hard in the rocky soil and he was shouting
excitedly. Then he held up a large stone. 14 it
was covered 15 dirt, the stone shone curiously in
the fierce sun1ight: it was unmistakably a heavy piece of solid gold!
1 A. travelled
B. was
travelling
C. had travelled
D. used to
travel
2 A. ready
B. better
C. preparation
D. worse
3 A. and
B. but
C. or
D. except
4 A. leaded
B. had leaded
C. had led
D. led
5 A. look
B. looking
C. looked
D. had looked
6 A. because
B. so
C. even
D. only
7 A. to
B. in
C. on
D. for
8 A. would
B. must
C. ought to
D. for
9 A. since
B. which
C. when
D. with that
10 A. comfort
B. comforts
C. comfortable
D. comfortably
11 A. ever
B. never
C. always
D. once
12 A. live
B. life
C. lived
D. alive
13 A. contains
B. containing
C. contained
D. having
contained
14 A. Though
B. For
C. Then
D. Because
15 A. in
B. with
C. within
D. below
Part III. Reading
Comprehension (50 points)
Section A
Directions: Each of the passages below is
followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A,
B, C, and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of
the questions. Write your answer on the answer sheet.
Questions 1 through 5
are based on the following passage.
Television can
help us see the pattern of American life and understand the events that unite
or divide us.
Consider an
example of the deaths of the political leaders, including John F. Kennedy,
Martin Luther King, Jr and Robert Kennedy. These deaths caused a profound
unification of the whole nation. Therefore the whole nation shared the
experience of grief and shame. Television let us intensely and dramatically
participate in these historical events. Through it we are joined with other
people for a few electric moments.
But television
can also divide us from each other. The dividing has occurred in confrontations
between young and old, radicals and conservatives, police and students, blacks
and whites, and hawks and doves. These confrontations have dramatized the
feeling beneath the surface of society. They have shown Americans in conflicts
which stem from our policy in southeast Asia and range to the busing of school
children. Such events have provided an opportunity for bigots (抱偏见的人), who promote stereotyped thinking.
And these confrontations have infected our social and emotional wounds.
So television
does more than transmit movies, weather, sports and variety shows. It helps
shape our feelings toward each other and ourselves, and some time unites us, and
sometimes divides us.
1 Television can help us take part in
_____.
A. Electric
moments.
B. Historical
events
C. Emotional
wounds
D. Stereotyped
thinking
2 Television can also make worse _____.
A. the social
contradiction
B. the surface
of society
C. conservative
thinking
D. grief and
shame
3 The confrontations are only welcomed by
those who are _____.
A. infected by
the social wounds
B. going to
shape their feeling toward themselves
C. obstinately
devoted to their own belief
D. providing the
opportunity for thinking
4 Which of the following statements is
true?
A. Some
political leaders were once bigots.
B. Television
sometimes transmits more movies than historical events.
C.
Confrontations are the sigh of division.
D. Television
often provides stereotyped thinking.
5 A suitable title for this passage would
be _____.
A. Social Unity
and Division
B. Television’s
Conflicts
C. Unification
and Confrontations
D. Television’s
Social Influence
Questions 6 through 10
are based on the following passage.
Andrew Carnegie,
American industrialist and philanthropist (慈善家), make a fortune by manufacturing iron and
steel protected by custom tariff (关税). In 1873, on one of his frequent trips to England, he met Henry
Bessemer and became convinced that the industrial future lay in steel. He built
the J. Edgar Thomson Steel Mills near Pittsburgh, and from that moment on, the Carnegie
empire was one of constant expansion. Later on, the Caregie Steel Co. became an
immense organization. It included all the processes of steel production from
the great furnaces and finishing mills of Pittsburgh to the inroads and lake
steamers that move the ores and the finished products.
Like his
grandfather, Andrew Caregie did not abandon the radical idealism of his
forebears for the benefit of the working class and the poor people. In spite of
his espousal (拥护)
Herber Spencer’s philosophy and the social Darwinism of the period, Caregie
remained deeply committed to many of the Charitist ideals of his boyhood. He
believed in the social responsibility that fortune to provide greater
opportunity for all and to increase man’s knowledge of himself and of his
universe. Furthermore, Carnegie considers that the dispensation (分配) of wealth for the benefit of
society must never be in the form of free charity but rather must be as a
buttress (支柱) to
the community’s responsibility for its own people.
When Carnegie
died in 1919, most of his fortune was already gone. People wonder that if Caregie
had known this when he was alive, he would have spread most of wealth to the
poor people.
6 Carnegie was able to develop his vast
industrial fortunes _____.
A. Because he
was both an industrialist and a philanthropist
B. Because he
obtained large loans from the American government for his steel mills
C. Because the American government had special tariffs to protect
the American steel and iron industry
D. Because he
had relatives in the English steel industry
7 Caregie followed his ancestor’s
footsteps by _____.
A. Developing a
large industrial company
B. Caring for
and improving benefits for the workers and the poor
C. Furthering
Spencer’s philosophy
D. Being a
follower of social Darwinism
8 The industry Carnegie was not concerned
with was _____.
A. the
manufacturing of steel
B. the
transporting of the finished product
C. the movement
of raw materials
D. the lumber
business
9 Carnegie’s trips to England _____.
A. Were purely
for pleasure and visiting relatives
B. Introduced
him to the Charitist ideals which would influence his life
C. Helped him
gain steel contracts with the British industrialists
D. Led him to
believe that the industrial future would be with steel
10 We can infer from the passage that as a philanthropist Carnegie
was willing to give money to all of the following except ______.
A. a school
B. poor man
C. a hospital
D. a charity
performance
Questions 11 through 15
are based on the following passage.
If you want to
stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research findings of a team
of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough
exercise and as a result we are aging unnecessarily soon.
Professor Taiju
Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan
appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early
age and how the process of aging could be slowed down. With a team of
colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes
of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.
Computer
technology enabled the researchers to obtain exact measurement of the volume of
the front and side sections of the brain, which are related to thinking and
emotion contraction of these parts as cells die off. That was observed in some
people in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty-year-olds
who mainly used brains in their profession.
11 The new findings show that people get
old also because _____.
A. they do not
use their brains enough
B. they do not
have enough exercises
C. they do not
have their health checked regularly
D. they do not
have the right choice of food
12 The team of doctors wanted to find out
_____.
A. why certain
people are aging sooner than others
B. how to make
people live longer
C. the size of
certain people’s brains
D. which people
are most intelligent
13 On what are their research findings
based?
A. A survey of
farmers in northern Japan.
B. Tests
performed on a thousand old people.
C. The study of
brain volumes of different people.
D. The latest
development of computer technology.
14 The researcher’s tests show that _____.
A. our brains
contract as we grow older
B.
sixty-year-old have better brains than thirty-year-old
C. the front
and side sections do not contract
D. some
people’s brains have contracted more than other people’s
15 According to the passage, which group
of people seems to age more slowly?
A. Farmers.
B. Lawyers.
C. Laborers.
D. Shop
assistants.
Questions 16 to 20 are
based on the following passage.
Current income
for most consumers is their wages or salaries. This income is used to pay regular
and day-to-day expenses such as rent, food, movies, gasoline, newspapers,
haircuts, and so on. But suppose a person is faced with an unexpected expense
too big to be paid out of current income, it may be an illness or costly
household repairs. In Frank and Sandy Dexter’s case, the roof on their house
had to be replaced. They did not have enough savings to cover the cost, so they
borrowed the money needed. They then repaid the loan with small and regular
payment out of their future income. By using credit, they avoided what might
have been a serious hardship.
Credit also
enables consumers to buy goods and services when they need them most. For example,
when does a married couple most need a house? While their children are young
and living at home. It would take most couples many years to save enough money
to pay cash for a house. By then, their children would be grown, and the house
would not be needed so much. In the meanwhile, they would have to continue
paying rent out of current income. By using credit, a couple can buy a house
and live in it while they pay for it. The money they would otherwise spend for
rent could go to the payment.
What is true of
houses is true of many goods that consumers buy today, such as appliances, automobiles,
and furniture. By using credit, consumers can ‘buy now and pay later’ as the
ads say. They have the use of the goods while for them. Today many high school
graduates are using credit to pay for additional education. They will pay off
their loan with money earned in the future from full-time jobs.
16 By using credit, people can _____.
A. pay regular
and day-to-day expenses
B. avoid
unnecessary payment
C. save money
to cover future cost
D. pay an
unexpected expense too big to be paid at the moment
17 A married couple most needs a house
_____.
A. after they
have spent years saving enough money to buy it in cash
B. when their
children have grown up
C. when their
children are still young and living at home
D. when they
can rent it out of current income
18 “The money they would otherwise spend
for rent could go to the payment” means _____.
A. they would
rent the house
B. they had
bought the house
C. they would
not pay for the house
D. they could
buy the house otherwise
19 With regard to credit, what do house
have in common with good that consumers buy today?
A. Both can be
bought on credit.
B. Neither can
be used until the loan has been paid.
C. Both must be
paid as soon as they are bought.
D. Both should
be paid in cash.
20 What’s true of high school graduates
today?
A. They can’t
get additional education without money.
B. They can get
additional education without payment.
C. They can
have additional education when they have full-time jobs.
D. They can
have additional education now and pay for it later.
Section B
Directions: Read the following passage carefully
and fill in each blank with the most appropriate sentence given according to
the passage.
From good
reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A
good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we
forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the
greatest pleasures in life 1 Whatever may be our
main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give
us enjoyment and satisfaction.
With a good book
in our hands we need never be lonely 2. In the
pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all
times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble
human friends whom we hold dear or because they represent unfamiliar types whom
we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may
bore us, but friends we make in books need never weary us with their company.
By turning the pages we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their
feelings 3 .
One of the most
valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home
or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through
the pages of books. 4 To travel by book we need
no bank account to pay for our way; no airship or ocean liner or streamlined
train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart’s desire.
Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We
can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross
the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit
the studios of Hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris
boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the
kindly natives on a South Sea island. 5 The
possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of
nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of
architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and
enjoyment of those who read.
A. Indeed, through books the whole world is
ours for the asking.
B. whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are
purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends.
C. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of
everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help
us when nothing else can.
D. when human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give
us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement.
E. It increases our contentment when we are
cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad.
F. We forgot our surroundings and even our identity because we are
alone and no one interrupts us.
Part IV. English-Chinese
Translation (15 points)
Directions: Read the
following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.
In the United
States, advertising itself is a big business. 1. Millions of dollars are
spent on television, radio and printed messages to prospective consumers.
Advertising firms do “market research” for their clients, testing our various
“pitches” in the quest for ones that are effective.
From the
viewpoint of American consumers, advertising functions to inform them about available
products and services, as well as to encourage them to buy 2. From the
viewpoint of visitors from abroad, though, advertising serves as additional
function, and it affords countless insights into American values, tastes and
standards. From American advertising, foreign visitors can gain some
understanding of these and other aspects of American society: American ideas about
physical attractiveness in males and females, American ideas about hygiene, the
emphasis Americans place on sex, speed and technical sophistication, the amount
of faith Americans in arguments that include specific numbers, materialism in
American society, male-female relationships, both pre-and post-marital, the
attention Americans pay to the words of celebrities, the characteristics of
people who, in Americans’ eyes, are considered “authorities”, whose ideas and
recommendations are persuasive, and the sorts of things Americans find humorous.
3. By
Comparing advertising they see in the States to what they have seen at home,
foreign visitors can gain understanding not just of American society, but of
their own as well.
Pricing
With few
exceptions, Americans are accustomed to fixed prices on merchandise they buy
and sell. The usual exceptions are houses, automobiles, and sometimes major
appliances such as refrigerators and washing machines. Another exception is a
private sale. Americans are not accustomed to bargaining over prices, and in
fact usually feel quite uncomfortable with the idea.
4. Foreign
visitors must realize that the price marked on an item does not include the
sales tax that is added as part of the payment.
Americans do not
believe, as people from many cultures do, that a commercial transaction includes
particular attention to the human relationships involved. They look for the
item they want, decide whether they can afford the price marked on it, and, if
they want to buy it, find a clerk or salesperson to take the money or do the
paper work for a credit-card purchase.
5. People who
try to bargain for a lower price in a shop or store are likely to be considered
either quite odd or startlingly aggressive.
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