聊城大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. [电子书]聊城大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题

2. [电子书]2026年翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题

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聊城大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解

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2011年聊城大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

Ⅰ. Translate the following
into Chinese. (one point each, 15 points)

1. Reuters

【答案】路透社

2. Memorandum of Understanding

【答案】谅解备忘录

3. force majeure

【答案】不可抗力

4. RSVP

【答案】请回复

5. First National City Bank

【答案】第一国民城市银行

6. transferable L/C

【答案】可转让信用证

7. letter of intent

【答案】意向书

8. F.O.B

【答案】装运港船上交货(Free On Board)

9. to restore the reclaimed land to forest

【答案】退耕还林

10. bus girl

【答案】餐馆女杂工

11. Adam’s apple

【答案】喉结

12. police society

【答案】上流社会

13. Electoral College

【答案】总统选举团

14. the fifth wheel

【答案】多余的人或物

15. Dutch treatment

【答案】AA制

Ⅱ. Translate the following
in English. (one point each, 15 points)

1. 求职书

【答案】an application letter

2. 送货上门

【答案】door-to-door delivery service

3. 搬迁户

【答案】relocated family

4. “863”计划

【答案】National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program)

5. 温饱问题

【答案】food and clothing problem

6. 股份有限公司

【答案】the limited liability company

7. 劳务合同

【答案】contract for labor service

8. 个人用品

【答案】personal items

9. 按劳分配

【答案】distribution on the basis of labor

10. 君主立宪制

【答案】constitutional monarchy

11. 对牛弹琴

【答案】talk to a brick wall/cast pearl before swine

12. 对口支援

【答案】partner assistance

13. 春运

【答案】（passenger）transport during the Spring Festival
period/spring rush

14. 个人所得税

【答案】personal income tax

15. “豆腐渣”工程

【答案】jerry-built projects

Ⅲ. Translate the following
passage into Chinese. (60 points)

When I made my first
trip to China in 1972, Premier Chou Enlai and I shook hands as I came off the airplane.
That handshake began a new era in relations between China and the United States.
Later, Chou said to me, “your handshake came over the vastest distance in the world—twenty-five
years of no communications.”

What brought us together,
across that vast sea of no communication? On the American side, some people assumed
that my primary interest in a new relationship with China was because of the Soviet
threat and because I hoped to get help to bring the war in Vietnam to an end. This
is not true. While common perception of a common danger was what made the new relationship
possible at that time, it was not the dominant reason for seeking a new relationship.
That reason went deeper. And because the reason was more fundamental, the relationship
can be more long-lasting.

It is a rule among
nations that fear can hold alliances together in the short run. The main reason
I sought the new relationship was not what I saw when I looked around me at the
world of the 1970s. Rather, it was what I saw when I looked ahead to the world of
the 21st century.

The United States
is a military superpower and the world’s richest nation. China is the world’s most
populous nation with a billion people who are potentially among the ablest and most
productive in the world. It has a great tradition. It has huge resources. It was
enormous strength of will and spirit. In the 21st century, I believe that the relationship
between China and the United States can be the most important relationship in the
world.

【参考译文】

1972年当我首次访问中国的时候，一走下飞机，周恩来总理和我握手，这次握手开辟了中美关系的新纪元，后来周对我说，“你的握手跨过了世界上最遥远的距离——跨过了没有交流的25年”。

是什么跨过那没有交流的辽阔海洋，把我们联在一起的呢？在美国方面，有人以为我对同中国建立一种新关系的主要兴趣是由于苏联的威胁和由于我想得到协助以结束在越南的战争，这不是事实。尽管当时对共同危险的共同察觉使得这种新关系变得可能，但它不是寻求新关系的主要原因。这种原因要更为深刻。正因为这种原因更带有根本性，关系才能更为持久。

恐惧能暂时使联盟建立起来，这是常例。但要保持长久的友谊则必须抱有希望。我谋求这种新关系的主要原因不是因为我所看到的20世纪70年代的世界形势，更主要的是我当时对21世纪世界的展望。

美国是一个军事超级大国，也是世界上最富有的国家。中国是一个世界上人口最多的国家，其10亿人民从潜力上看，是世界上最能干、最富有创造性的人民之一。它有着伟大的传统，它有着巨大的资源，它有着意志和精神的巨大力量。我相信在21世纪，中美关系能成为世界上最重要的关系。

Ⅳ. Translate the following
into English. (60 points)

妻子是个幼儿教师，多年从事幼教工作。她长得纤细、玲珑、漂亮，没结婚之前挺可爱，结了婚就更可爱了，但职业习惯也就彻底地暴露无遗。

最可恨的是跟你说话的态度和口吻：“出去看着车。”“慢点吃，别噎着。”“穿上点儿衣服，冷。”就剩下说“乖”了。按说有个“阿姨”照顾生活也挺不错的，但是男子汉的气魄却受到了毁灭性的“摧残”，是你总觉得自己是个五岁半的小男孩，而且再也长不大了。我是个1.81米，体重80公斤的山东大汉，您说，她对我这么说话，是不是挺滑稽、挺可笑的？

有一天，她又对我像对小朋友似的唠唠叨叨，我实在忍无可忍了，就叫了一声“住嘴”然后凑上前去，压低声音，恶狠狠地说：“亲爱的，我真想揍你一顿，打得你屁股蛋子一半红一半青，你就知道一个男子汉与一个小男孩到底有什么区别了。”听了这话，妻的表情复杂透了：惊讶、害怕、害羞、娇嗔，转而又笑得死去活来。她的笑，把我也给逗乐了。男子汉的风采还是得不到充分的表现。谁让我爱她呢，所以，做个“乖孩子”没商量。以后，她再对我这么说话，我干脆捏着嗓子说“是，阿姨。”妻子笑过之后，职业习惯竟收敛了许多。

【参考译文】

My wife is a kindergarten
teacher who has been engaged in preschool educational work for many years. She is
slim, petite and beautiful. Before we get married, she was so cute. And now she
becomes even better. However, her professional habits are exposed completely in
our hours together.

What make me most
intolerable are her attitude and tone when she is talking. For example, “Look after
the cars!” “Eat slowly and don’t choke!” “Put on more clothes, it’s cold!” What’s
more, she just left saying “Good boy!” Generally, it could not be bad that being
looked after by an auntie, but my courage of man has been devastating “damage”.
She always makes me have the illusion of being a five-year-old boy who won’t grow
up. Well, I’m a strong man with 1.81 m tall and 80 kg weight. So when she talks
with me that way, it is so ridiculous, right?

One day, when she
was nagging me as a child again, I could not bear it and said, “Shut up!” Then I
moved close to her and told her “fiercely” in a low voice, “Darling, I really want
to give you a good spanking. If your ass turns black and blue, you will know what
on earth the difference is between a man and a boy.” Hearing the words, my wife
got a rich expression: astonished, frightened, ashamed and annoyed, while she turned
laughing from ear to ear. Her smile also made me laugh. While, my presence of man
still could not be showed fully. I have no choice but being a good boy. Because
I love her! Afterwards, when she again nagged me that way, I simply pinched my voice,
“Yes, auntie!” After smiled, unexpectedly, my wife reduced a lot of her professional
habits when we got along together.

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