考研真题
1. 全国名校英语语言学考研真题详解
2. 全国名校英美文学考研真题详解
考研指导书
1. 陶洁《美国文学选读》（第3版）笔记和课后习题（含考研真题）详解
2. 陶洁《美国文学选读》（第3版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】
3. 罗经国《新编英国文学选读》（第4版）笔记和考研真题详解
4. 罗经国《新编英国文学选读》（第4版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】
5. 张奎武《英美概况》（第4版）配套题库（含考研真题）
6. 胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）笔记和考研真题详解
7. 胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】
陶洁《美国文学选读》（第3版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】
书籍目录
第一部分 考研真题精选
第二部分 章节题库
部分内容
第一部分 考研真题精选
一、填空题
1. In his autobiography, _____creates the image of a self-made man
and demonstrates his belief that the new world of America was a land of _____which
might be met through hard work and wise management.[天津外国语学院2011研]
【答案】Benjamin Franklin, opportunities
【解析】富兰克林是美国启蒙时期与独立战争时期的代表人物。他的《自传》是美国第一部成功的传记体作品，文中树立的主人公形象激励了一代又一代的美国人去追求美国梦。
2. In his novel, William Faulkner has
invented a county named _____ and the seat of the county _____. [国际关系学院2009研]
【答案】Yoknapatawpha; the town of Jefferson
【解析】福克纳在自己的一系列著作中虚构了位于密西西比州北部的约克纳帕塔法县，这个县的中心是杰弗逊镇。
3. Eugene O’Neill borrowed freely from the best traditions of____
drama, be it Greek _____, or the _____ of Ibsen, or the _____ of Strindberg.（国际关系学院2010研）
【答案】European；tragedies；realism；expressionism
【解析】尤金·奥尼尔是被称为“美国戏剧之父”，其戏剧融合欧洲戏剧传统的精华，包括希腊的悲剧，易卜生现实主义剧作和斯特林堡的表现主义。
4. The Compsons, the
Sartorises, and the Sutpens are representative southern aristocratic families
in ______’s novels, and they are all portrayed as prisoners of the past, who
cannot reconcile with the fall of the south after ______. [天津外国语2013研]
【答案】William Faulkner; the Civil War
【解析】这三个家族是福克纳关于南方贵族的三个代表，在这些作品中，主人公们生活在过去的牢笼中，无法接受美国内战后南方的衰落。
5. In ______, a novel
about American Civil War, the protagonist keeps asking himself the question.
“Will I run from a battle?” and at last he does run away from the battle field.
[天津外国语学院2009研]
【答案】The Red Badge of
Courage
【解析】《红色英勇勋章》是以美国内战背景，讲的是名叫亨利的青年怀着对战争的美妙幻想，不顾母亲的反对，参加了北方军。虽然战争很刺激，但是面对死亡的威胁，他动摇了。他一直问自己：“我会从战场上逃跑吗？”后来，他还是从阵地上逃跑了。后来，他为此十分内疚，重上战场，获得显赫战功，但是无论他逃跑时的怯弱还是冲锋时的英勇都不过是一种歇斯底里的表现。
6. Set in Spain during the Civil War, the novel _____ stated again
Hemingway’s view of love found and lost, and described the indomitable spirit
of the common people. [人大2006研]
【答案】For Whom the Bell Tolls
【解析】海明威的小说《丧钟为谁而鸣》（For Whom the Bell Tolls）以西班牙内战为背景，该小说陈述了海明威对爱与失去的观点，描写了普通人不屈不饶的精神。
7. Author_____ Title_____[南京大学2007研]
He disliked bars
and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted café was a very different thing. Now, without thinking further, he would go home to
his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to
sleep. After all, he said to himself, it is probably only insomnia. Many must have
it.
【答案】Author: Ernest Hemingway Title: “A Clean, Well-lighted Place”
【解析】题目节选自海明威的《一个干净明亮的地方》。
8. In the novel entitled ______written
by ______, a boy dreams of glorious battle in the Union Army in the
Civil War. However, his initial confrontation with true war perplexes him.
[大连外国语2008研]
【答案】The Red Badge
of Courage；Stephen
Crane
【解析】克莱恩的小说《红色英勇勋章》以南北战争为背景，小说的主人公亨利怀着对战争的美妙幻想，参加了北方军队，但在最初真正面对战争的时候，他却失去了勇气，当了逃兵，后来他克服了恐惧心理，经过战火的洗礼，重新获得了自信和勇气。
9. Ernest Hemingway once noted that “all modern
American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain”. The book Hemingway gave
credit to is _____.[天津外国语2007研]
【答案】Adventures of
Huckleberry Finn
【解析】海明威曾经说“所有现代美国文学都来自马克·吐温的一本书”。这本书是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。
10. “In a Station of the Metro” by Ezra Pound
goes like this: The apparition of these faces in the crowd; _____.[首师大2008研]
【答案】Petals on a wet,
black bough.
【解析】这是意象派诗人庞德的名作，意为：人群中这些面孔幽灵一般显现，湿漉漉的黑色枝条上许多花瓣。
11. ______, by Ezra Pound, employs the complex association of scholarly
lore, anthropology, modern history and personages, private history and
Witticism, and obscure literary interpolations in various languages. [人大2006研]
【答案】The Cantos
【解析】庞德的《诗章》包罗万象，是庞德的代表作。
12. Mark Twain, pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne _____,
started off as a _____ colorist. His novel _____ is the one book from which, as
Hemingway noted, “all _____ American literature comes”. (国际关系学院2010研）
【答案】Clemens；local；Adventures of Huckleberry Finn；modern
【解析】马克·吐温的(Mark Twain)，原名塞缪尔·朗赫恩朗赫恩·克莱门斯(Samuel Langhorne Clemens)，是美国的作家，19世纪后期美国现实主义文学的杰出代表。开始时他是个乡土作家，费恩《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》被海明威称为“现代美国文学之源”。
13. First produced in 1949, Arthur Miller’s _____
struck an immediate, emotional chord with audiences. Much of its success is
attributed to Miller’s facility in portraying the universal hopes and fears of
middle-class America. Through his main character, _____, Miller examines the
myth of the American Dream and the shallow promise of happiness through
material wealth.[天津外国语大学 2011 研]
【答案】Death of a Salesman Willy
【解析】《推销员之死》是米勒的代表作。作品通过一位美国梦的典型追求者推销员威利，展示了美国社会中的各种矛盾，宣告了美国中产阶级郊区牧歌的完结。
14. In his ______ Benjamin Franklin creates the image of a boy’s
rise from ______ to riches and demonstrates his belief that the new world of
America was a land of opportunities which might be met through hard work and
wise management.[天津外国语学院2008研]
【答案】Autobiography, poor
【解析】富兰克林在《自传》中讲述了其白手起家、自力更生的故事，平凡却生动的讲述表明他坚信通过努力就能实现美国梦。
15.
Author _____ Title _____[南京大学2007研]
It goes a long way back, some twenty years. All my life I
had been looking for something, and everywhere I turned someone tried to tell
me what it was. I accepted their answers too, though they were often in
contradiction and even self-contradictory. I was naive. I was looking for
myself and asking everyone except myself questions which I, and only could
answer.
【答案】Ralph Waldo Ellison；Invisible Man
【解析】题目节选自埃利森的《看不见的人》，本书是当代美国黑人文学中的经典之作，具有西方当代小说的许多特点：思想内容上提出了个人在荒谬的宇宙里的处境问题并探索自我本质；艺术上大胆创新，现实主义与超现实主义相结合，在运用黑色幽默手法上开美国后现代派文学的先河。
16.
Author _____ Title _____（南京大学2009研；南京大学2008研）
It was now
midnight, and my task was drawing to a close. I had completed the eighth, the
ninth and the tenth tier. I had finished a portion of the last and the
eleventh; there remained but a single stone to be fitted and plastered in.
【答案】Author: Edgar Allan Poe；Title: The Cask of
Amontillado
【解析】题目节选自爱伦坡的“The Cask of Amontillado”（《阿芒提拉多的酒桶》。《阿芒提拉多的酒桶》是美国作家爱伦·坡的一部短篇小说佳作。
17. Edgar Allan Poe’s stories fall into
two categories: _____ and “tales of ratiocination”.[天津外国语2010研]
【答案】“tales of mystery and the macabre”
【解析】埃德加·爱伦·坡（Edgar Allan Poe)，十九世纪美国诗人、小说家和文学评论家，他的小说分为“神秘恐怖故事”和“推理故事”两类。
18. In consideration of the beauty of poems, _____ concludes that
“the death of a beautiful woman is unquestionably the most poetical topic in
the world.” [天津外国语学院2007研]
【答案】Edgar Allan Poe
【解析】爱伦·坡认为，美的效应在于使灵魂激动而变得高尚；无论哪种美，其最高形式必然使敏感的灵魂悲泣。因此，诗的基调应该是“忧郁”。人最感到忧郁的事莫过于死，而最富于诗意的死莫过于心爱的年轻美女离世。
19. Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote _____, which has
been called “the Manifesto of American Transcendentalism,” and _____, which has
been regarded as America’s “Declaration of Intellectual Independence.” [南开大学2007研]
【答案】Nature；“The American Scholar”
【解析】爱默生的《论自然》被称为“美国超验主义的宣言”，其《美国学者》则被誉为美国知识分子的独立宣言。
20. Author ______ Title ______ [南京大学2008研]
It didn’t start
out that way. The minute I walked in and the Big Bozo introduced us, I got sick
to my stomach. It was one thing to be taken out of your own bed early in the
morning—it was something else
to be stuck in a strange place with a girl from a whole other race.
【答案】Author: Toni Morrison；Title: Recitatif
【解析】题目节选自Toni Morrison的 Recitatif （《宣述》）。托妮·莫里森是美国黑人女作家。1993年，由于她“在小说中以丰富的想象力和富有诗意的表达方式使美国现实的一个极其重要方面充满活力”，莫里森获诺贝尔文学奖。
21. “Forbidden public transportation, chased by
debt and filthy’ talking sheets, they followed secondary routes, scanned the
horizon for signs and counted heavily on each other.”The historic event
referred to in the quotation is _____.[天津外国语2009研]
【答案】American Civil War
【解析】这段文字选自托尼·莫里森的《宠儿》（Beloved）。
22. Author_____
Title_____[南京大学2007研]
I breathed a song into the air,
It fell to
earth I knew not where;
For who has the sight so keen and
strong
That can follow the flight of a
song.
【答案】Author: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow；Title: “I Shot an Arrow”
【解析】题目节选自朗费罗的《我射出一支箭》，作者在这首诗中含蓄而巧妙地歌颂了友谊的地久天长。
23. Write down the name of the author of the
following work [厦门大学2007研]
“A Psalm of Life”
【答案】Henry Wadsworth
Longfellow
【解析】朗费罗的《人生礼赞》写成于1838年，副标题为“青年人的心对歌者说的话”。诗中说，人生不是一场幻梦，人要有英雄气概，要不断追求和进取。
24. Author ______ Title
______ [南京大学2008研]
Virtues are, in
the popular estimate, rather the exception than the rule. There is the man and
his virtues. Men do what is called a good action, as some piece of courage or
charity, much as they would pay a fine in expiration of daily non-appearance on
paradise.
【答案】Author: Ralph Waldo Emerson
Title: “Self-Reliance”
【解析】题目节选自爱默生的 Self-Reliance （《论自立》）。爱默生是思想家、散文作家、诗人，是超验主义运动的主要代表。
25. Nick Carraway functions as both the narrator
and a character in Fitzgerald’s best-known work _____.[大连外国语2008研]
【答案】The Great Gatsby
【解析】在菲茨杰拉德的名著《了不起的盖茨比》中，Nick
Carraway（尼克）既是叙述者，又是小说中的一个角色。
26. Author ______；Title ______ [南京大学2008研]
So we beat on,
boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.
【答案】Author: F. Scott Fitzgerald；Title: The Great Gatsby
【解析】题目是F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的 The Great Gatsby （《了不起的盖茨》）中的最后一句话。
27. _____is regarded as
the father of psychoanalytic criticism and the detective story. [首师大2008研]
【答案】Edgar Allan Poe
【解析】爱伦·坡被认为是精神分析批评之父和侦探小说的鼻祖。
28.Write down the name of the author of the
following work. [厦门大学2009研]
The Raven and Other Poems
【答案】Edgar Allan Poe
【解析】爱伦·坡是美国著名诗人、短篇小说家和文学评论家。《乌鸦及其它诗》是他的诗集。
29. Author ______ Title
______ [南京大学2008研]
The
report of his undeniable delirium at sea was likewise popularly ascribed to a
kindred cause. And so too, all the added moodiness
which always afterwards, to the very day of sailing in the Pequod on the
present voyage, sat brooding on his brow.
【答案】Author: Herman Melville；Title: Moby Dick
【解析】题目节选自Herman Melville的 Moby Dick(《白鲸》)。《白鲸》刻画了捕鲸人与巨鲸搏斗的真实画面，人与宗教之间的关系，以及人性的挣扎与考验。
30. Daisy Miller was written by_____[大连外国语学院2007研]
【答案】Henry James
【解析】《黛西·米勒》是美国作家Henry James的国际主题小说。
31. The American novelist _____probed deeply at the individual
psychology of his characters, writing in a rich and intricate style that
supported his intense scrutiny of complex human experience. [人大2006研]
【答案】Henry James
【解析】美国小说家亨利·詹姆斯的作品善于挖掘人物心理。
32. Tashtego, Daggoo and Queequeg are the
three main harpooners in the novel ______. [首师大2008研]
【答案】Moby Dick
【解析】这三个人是《莫比·狄克》里的捕鲸手。
33. Ralph W. Emerson believes in the
concept of the _____. It is the _____ within which every man’s particular being
is contained and made one with all other.[国际关系学院2009研]
【答案】Transcendentalism；Oversoul
【解析】爱默生信奉超验主义，在他看来，超灵为人所共有，每个人的思想存在于超灵之中，人能以直觉官能与之交融。
34. “To speak truly, few
adult persons can see nature. Most persons do not see the sun. At least they
have a very superficial seeing. The sun illuminates only the eye of the man, but shines into the eye and the heart of the ______.”
These lines are taken from Nature by _____.[天津外国语2012研]
【答案】child; Ralph Waldo
Emerson
【解析】此句为爱默生代表作《论自然》中的名句。
35. Write down the name of the author of the following work.[厦门大学2008研]
A Week on the
Concord and Merrimack Rivers
【答案】Henry David Thoreau
【解析】《康科德和梅里麦克河上的一周》是梭罗的重要作品。该书1849年出版，记载了1839年夏末梭罗与兄长约翰自制小舟，驾船漂游家乡附近两条河流的见闻和感想。
36. Pearl is a character in _____ written by _____.[大连外国语学院2007研]
【答案】The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne
【解析】Pearl是美国作家Nathaniel Hawthorne小说《红字》中的人物。
37. As a reflection of Hester Prynne’s moral development, the ______
symbolically undergoes a gradual and imperceptible change from “______” to
“able” and last to “angel”. [天津外国语学院2008研]
【答案】scarlet letter “A”, adultery
【解析】霍桑的小说《红字》中海斯特·普琳经历了道德的洗礼，红字“A”的含义也逐渐由“通奸”转变为“能干”以至后来的“天使”。
38. Author _____
Title _____ [南京大学2009研]
And though your
graciousness might stream,
And I contrive,
Grandmother,
stones are nothing of home
To that
spumiest dove.
Against both
bar and tower the black sea runs.
【答案】Author: Sylvia
Plath；Title: “Point
Shirley”
【解析】题目节选自普拉斯的“Point Shirley”。西尔维亚·普拉斯是一位美国自白派诗人的代表。生前，普拉斯只出版过两本著作，一是诗集《巨人及其他诗歌》（The Colossus and Other Poems），另外出版了自传体长篇小说《钟状的罐子》。
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