山东科技大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 山东科技大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题

2. 2026年翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题

考研指导书

1. 冯庆华《实用翻译教程》（第3版）配套题库（含考研真题）

山东科技大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解

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2011年山东科技大学《357英语翻译基础》考研真题及详解

Ⅰ. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into
their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part
of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30
points)

1 WTO

【答案】世界贸易组织 (World Trade
Organization)

2 APEC

【答案】亚太经贸合作组织 (Asia-Pacific Economic
Cooperation)

3 EMS

【答案】邮政特快专递服务 (Express Mail Service)

4 FBI

【答案】美国联邦调查局 (Federal Bureau of
Investigation)

5 GPS

【答案】全球定位系统 (Global Position System)

6 FOB

【答案】离岸价格；船上交货价格 (free on board)

7 IPA

【答案】国际音标 (International Phonetic
Alphabet)

8 NATO

【答案】北大西洋公约组织 (North Atlantic Treaty
Organization)

9 Genetic mutation

【答案】基因突变

10 somebody’s cup of tea

【答案】某人喜爱的人或事物

11 give the floor to

【答案】给予发言权

12 the transference of the title of
property

【答案】财产所有权转让

13 most favored nations

【答案】最惠国待遇

14 Intellectual Property Rights

【答案】知识产权

15 down payment

【答案】首付

16 春运

【答案】The Spring Festival transport season

17 国际惯例

【答案】international common practice

18 骑虎难下

【答案】ride a tiger; have no way to back down

19 老人节

【答案】the Double Ninth Festival

20 中国十佳宜居城市

【答案】ten best livable cities in China

21 联合兼并

【答案】conglomeration and merger

22 留职停薪

【答案】leave without pay

23 优惠关税

【答案】preferential duty

24 红白喜事

【答案】wedding and funeral

25 安居工程

【答案】Comfortable Housing Project

26 闭路电视

【答案】closed-circuit television

27 世博纪念品

【答案】Expo souvenir

28 入境签证

【答案】entry visa

29 保税区

【答案】Bonded Area

30 不正之风

【答案】unhealthy tendency

Ⅱ. Directions Translate the following three source texts into their target
language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is
Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120
points)

Source Text 1 (30
points):

They were
Senegalese, the blackest Negroes in Africa, so black that sometimes it is
difficult to see whereabouts on their necks the hair begins. Their splendid
bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms, their feet squashed into
boots that looked like blocks of wood, and every tin hat seemed to be a couple
of sizes too small. It was very hot and the men had marched a long way. They
slumped under the weight of their packs and the curiously sensitive black faces
were glistening with sweat.

【参考译文】

他们是塞内加尔人，是非洲肤色最黑的人，黑得简直难以看清他们颈项上的头发从何处生起。他们健硕的身躯罩在旧的卡其布制服里面，脚上套着一双看上去像块木板似的靴子，每个人头上戴着的钢盔似乎都小了一两号。天气正热，队伍已经走了很长一段路，士兵们都被沉重的包袱压得疲惫不堪，敏感得出奇的黑脸颊上汗水闪闪发光。

Source Text 2 (30
points):

With an immense
effort of will, I modulated my voice. “All right,” I said. “You’re a logician.
Let’s look at this thing logically. How could you choose Petey Burch over me?
Look at me—a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an
assured future. Look at Petey—a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know
where his next meal is coming from. Can you give me one logical reason why you
should go stead with Petey Burch?”

【参考译文】

我以极大的意志力把语气缓和下来。“好吧”，我说道，“你是一个逻辑学家。那就让我们从逻辑上分析一下这件事。你怎么会看中皮蒂，而不是我呢？你瞧我，一个出色的学生，一个了不起的知识分子，一个前途绝对有保障的人。再看看皮蒂，一个笨蛋，一个感情无常的人，一个吃了上顿没有下顿的家伙。你能提出一个合乎逻辑的理由来告诉我为什么要跟皮蒂在一起吗？”

Source Text 3 (60
points):

孟母教子

孟子幼时家居墓地附近，耳濡目染的尽是些丧葬礼仪的事情，他就和小朋友一起模仿着挖墓筑坟的祭奠。孟母感到长此下去对儿子的教育不利，于是就搬家了。新居靠近集市，孟子又学着商人做买卖，怎样和人讨价还价，孟母不愿自己的孩子长大成商人，于是又搬家了。第三次的新居在学校附近，孟子就跟着学生学习诗书礼仪，揖让进退等等。孟母认为找到了理想的地方，于是决定在这里长期居住下去。由此可见，孟母深知环境对孩子成长的影响。这就是“孟母三迁”故事的由来。

孟子逐渐成长，一次未到放学时间就回家了，孟母把他叫到织布机旁，让她看自己织布。织了很长一段时间，孟母突然用刀子把布割断，孟子不明白怎么回事，连忙向母亲问个究竟。这时孟母耐心地对他说：“你学习半途而废，就如同我把这本来可以织成完整的一匹布割断是同一个道理。”母亲的谆谆教导，深深地印在孟子的脑海之中，从此他发奋图强，刻苦读书，终于成了战国时期，也是我国历史上著名的思想家、教育家。

【参考译文】

How
Mencius’ Mother Teaches Her Son

When Mencius was
young, his family lived near a cemetery, fully exposed to funeral ceremonies.
He and his playmates imitated burying and mourning proceedings. Mencius’ mother
thought the surroundings were not good for his education so she decided to
move. They moved to a place next to a fair, and Mencius began to learn the ways
of business people, bargaining and haggling. His mother didn’t want her son to
become a businessman so she moved again. This time they moved into the house
near a school, and Mencius began to learn the Classics and etiquette along with
the students. His mother thought this was the right place for him and decided to
stay there for good. This shows that Mencius’ mother realized the importance of
environment for children’s growing up. These are the stories about how “Mencius’
mother moved three times.”

Mencius grew up
gradually. One day, Mencius came back home before school let out. His mother
called him to the loom side and let him watch her weaving. After a long time,
she suddenly cut the cloth she had woven with a knife, much to Mencius’
bewilderment. When Mencius asked, his mother explained, “If you quit school half
way, it’s like my cutting the cloth before it is completed.”

Mother’s words
were firmly imprinted on the son’s mind. From then on, he studied assiduously
and became a great thinker and educator of the Warring States Period and he has
been remembered as such throughout Chinese history.

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