山东建筑大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. [电子书]山东建筑大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题

2. [电子书]2026年翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题

考研指导书

1. [电子书]冯庆华《实用翻译教程》（第3版）配套题库（含考研真题）

2. [电子书]王治奎《大学英汉翻译教程》（第4版）配套题库（含考研真题）

山东建筑大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解

书籍目录

部分内容

2015年山东建筑大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

一、词语翻译（30分）

1. 汉译英（15%）

（1）意合

【答案】parataxis

（2）对等

【答案】equivalence

（3）信、达、雅

【答案】faithfulness,
expressiveness and elegance

（4）音译

【答案】transliteration

（5）冗余

【答案】redundancy

（6）搭配

【答案】collocation

（7）生态学

【答案】Ecology

（8）词类转换

【答案】word class shift

（9）翻译体

【答案】translation body

（10）语境

【答案】context

（11）语序

【答案】word order

（12）源出语

【答案】the source language

（13）语义分析

【答案】semantic analysis

（14）可译性

【答案】translatability

（15）文化转向

【答案】cultural turn

2. 英译汉（15%）

(1)
rewriting

【答案】重写；改写

(2)
coherence

【答案】一致；连贯性

(3)
polysystem

【答案】多元系统

(4)
intelligibility

【答案】可懂度；可理解性

(5)
readability

【答案】可读性

(6)
ambiguity

【答案】歧义

(7)
norm

【答案】标准；规范

(8)
domesticating

【答案】归化

(9)
compound sentence

【答案】复合句

(10)
linguistics

【答案】语言学

(11)
blank word

【答案】虚词

(12)
reception theory

【答案】接受理论

(13)
relevance

【答案】相关性

(14)
interdiscipline

【答案】跨学科；交叉学科

(15)
dialect

【答案】方言；同源语

二、英汉互译（120分）

1. 英译汉（60%）

Dusk

Norman Gortsby sat on a seat in
the park. Hyde Park Corner, with its noise of traffic, lay immediately to the
right. It was about thirty minutes past six on an early March evening, and dusk
had fallen heavily over the scene, dusk with some faint moonlight and many
street lamps. There was a wide emptiness over road and pavement, and yet there
were many figures moving silently through the half-light, or sitting on seats
and chairs.

The scene pleased Gortsby and
suited his mood. Dusk, in his opinion, was the hour of the defeated. Men and
women, who had fought the battle of life and lost, who hid their dead hopes
from the eyes of the curious, came out in this hour, when their old clothes and
bent shoulders and unhappy eyes might pass unnoticed.

On the seat by Gortsby’s side sat
a rather old gentleman with a look of defiance that was probable the last sign
of self-respect in a man who had stopped defying successfully anybody or
anything. As he rose to go, Gortsby imagined him returning to a home where he
was of no importance, or to some uncomfortable lodging where his ability to pay
his weekly rent was the beginning and end of the interest which he caused.

【参考译文】

傍晚时分

诺曼·戈茨比坐在公园的凳子上。充满交通噪音的海德公园角就坐落在右边。那是一个早春3月的傍晚，6点半钟，太阳已经下山了。街灯已亮，但天还不是太黑。路上十分空旷，但也有许多人孤独地行走在暮色里，有的则坐在凳上或椅子上。

这情景正合戈茨比的心情。他想，黄昏正是失败者的时刻，是那些梦想未实现、奋斗未成功的男男女女的时刻。他们在暮色中出门，那时，他们双眼里已经死去的梦想、破旧的衣衫才不致太显眼。

坐在他旁边的是一位老者。他带着一种蔑视的表情，这可能是一个无法阻止任何人和任何事的人的一点最后的自尊。当他站起来离开时，戈茨比想象他一定是回到哪儿一间他没有任何存在感的屋子里去，或者是回到一个不舒服的住处去，那里他每个月要付的房租是唯一让人感兴趣的东西。

2. 汉译英（60%）

飘逸人生

行路难，但人生之路谁都要走。有的人在赶路，心急切切，步急匆匆，眼中只有目标却忽略了风景，可路迢迢不知哪是终点。有的人如游客，不急不慌，走走停停，看花开花落，看云卷云舒。有时也在风中走，雨中行，心却像张开的网，放过焦躁苦恼。

人生之路谁不走？只是走路时别忽略了一路的良辰美景。

一个人工作的地方是小的，居住的家是小的，社交的圈子是小的，有的人就越来越不满这缺乏变化的单调。有的人却总是怡然自得，随遇而安。世界浩渺，一个人只能居于一隅。比海洋大的是天空，比天空大的是心灵，因为这小小的心灵内住着一只时起时落的想象鸟。

大碗喝茶解渴，却说不上是怎样的好。心想得到的东西终于得到了，失去的却很多很多，而失去的原来比得到的可能还要好。物化了的生命硬如岩石，而那些看似无价值的却永葆着神韵和空灵。

人生旅途上，有人背负着名利疾疾奔走，有人回归自然，飘逸而行。

【参考译文】

To go on a journey is often full
of hardships, but so long as one lives, he proceeds on his life‘s journey.
Different people go along differently. Some take hasty steps in anxiety.
Obsessed with reaching the next goal in time, they spare no time for
sightseeing along the way, nor do they have a clear view of where their long
roads end. Others travel leisurely like tourists. They would take time off now and
then for a look at blooming flowers or fallen petals. They would stop to admire
clouds gathering and dispersing. Even when they go against the wind or are
caught in the rain, they never get annoyed, for worries slip off their minds as
from an open net.

Everyone goes his way in life.
What makes a difference is: does he have a pleasant trip enjoying the landscape
along the way?

Cramped is one’s workplace,
narrow is one’s residence and small is the social circle one moves about—such limitedness
in space entails lack of variety which is the source of some people’s complaint.
But others are always contended and happy for he can adapt himself to different
circumstances. Compared with the vastness of the universe it is only a tiny
spot one occupies on earth. However, though larger than the ocean is the sky,
even larger is the human mind, for in it imagination can come and go on the
wing without limitation.

To drink at a gulp is a quick way
to quench thirst, but it gives no taste of the high grade tea. One may
eventually win what he has set his mind to, only to find that he has lost quite
a lot. Perhaps what he loses is ever better than what he gains. Life, when
petrified by material desires, is as callous as stone, while those seemingly
worthless things always remain fresh and full of spirit.

In their journey through life,
some people hurry on with a heavy heart in pursuit of fame and gain, while
others go with an easy, grace, enjoying themselves in harmony with nature.

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