对外经济贸易大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 对外经济贸易大学英语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题

2. 2026年翻译硕士《211翻译硕士英语》考研真题与模拟题

考研指导书

1. 张汉熙《高级英语（1）》（第3版重排版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

2. 张汉熙《高级英语（2）》（第3版重排版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

3. 2026年翻译硕士《211翻译硕士英语》考研题库

对外经济贸易大学英语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解

书籍目录

部分内容

2010年对外经济贸易大学英语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

Part I Vocabulary and Grammar (30%)

Directions：There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.
For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B，C
and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.

1 The lady in
this strange-tale very obviously suffers from a serious mental illness. Her
plot against a completely innocent old man is a dear sign of _________.

A. impulse

B. insanity

C. inspiration

D. disposition

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在这个奇怪的故事中，这个女人很明显有严重的心理疾病。她的针对一个完全无辜老人的阴谋正是精神错乱很好的体现。insanity精神错乱，精神失常；十分愚蠢的行为；荒唐的行为。impulse突如其来的念头；推动，冲力。inspiration灵感；鼓动人心的人（事）。disposition气质；天性，性格；倾向。

2 There is no
doubt that the ________ of these goods to the others is easy to see.

A. prestige

B. superiority

C. priority

D. publicity

【答案】B

【解析】句意：很容易看出这些商品优于其他的，这是毋庸置疑的。superiority 优势，优等。prestige威信，声望。be superior to优越于。priority优先权，重点；优先考虑的事。publicity宣传，宣扬。

3 The price of
the coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how
expensive the freight _______ are.

A. payments

B. charges

C. funds

D. prices

【答案】B

【解析】句意：根据运输距离的长短和运费的高低，煤价会波动。charge 收费，用，此词可泛指为其提供服务后所要求应付的价钱。payment 指付款，付出的款项。fund基金，专款。price是可数名词“价格，价钱”“代价”，一般指商品的售价。

4 Although the
model looks good on the surface，it will not bear close _________.

A. temperament

B. contamination

C. scrutiny

D. symmetry

【答案】C

【解析】句意：尽管这个模型表面上看起来很好，但经不起仔细的检验。scrutiny细看，细查。temperament性格，性情；气质。contamination污染，弄脏，玷污。symmetry对称；整齐。

5 While a full
understanding of what causes the disease may be several years away, _________ leading
to a successful treatment could come much sooner.

A. a distinction

B. a
breakthrough

C. an
identification

D. an interpretation

【答案】B

【解析】句意：尽管完全了解什么导致了这种疾病可能是几年之后的事，但是能带来成功治疗的突破性进展很快就会到来。breakthrough突破性进展，重大发现。distinction区别，差别；特征；身份证明。interpretation解释，说明，诠释。

6 To _________ important
dates in history，countries
create special holidays.

A. commend

B. memorize

C. propagate

D. commemorate

【答案】D

【解析】句意：国家规定了专门的节日来纪念历史上重要的日子。commemorate纪念，庆祝。commend表扬；称赞；推荐；举荐。memorize记住，熟记，记忆。propagate传播；宣传，普及。

7 Please do not
be _________ by his offensive remarks since he is merely trying to attract
attention.

A. distracted

B. disregarded

C. irritated

D. intervened

【答案】C

【解析】句意：不要因为他无礼的话语而生气，因为他只是为了吸引别人的注意而已。irritate 使发怒，使急躁；使感到不适，使疼痛。distract使(人)分心，分散(注意力)；打扰。disregard不顾，不理会。intervene出面；介入；插嘴；打断(别人的话)；阻碍；阻挠。

8 He wouldn’t
answer the reporters’ questions，nor would he _________ for a photograph.

A. summon

B. highlight

C. pose

D. marshal

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他既不会回答记者的问题，也不会摆姿势照相。pose（使）摆姿势；以……身份出现。summon传唤；召集；传讯（出庭），传唤。highlight强调，突出，使显著。marshal整理，排列，集结。

9 If you don’t
_________the children properly, Mr. Chiver, they’ll just run riot.

A. mobilize

B. warrant

C. manipulate

D. supervise

【答案】D

【解析】句意：沈沃先生，如果你不妥善的监督孩子，他们就会捣乱。supervise监督，管理。mobilize动员起来，调动，鼓动起。warrant使有必要，使恰当；保证，担保。manipulate熟练控制；（暗中）控制，操纵，影响。

10 We should _________
our energy and youth to the development of our country.

A. dedicate

B. cater

C. ascribe

D. cling

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我们应当将活力与青春奉献给我家的发展。dedicate奉献，贡献，把…奉献给。cater满足需要；适合。ascribe把…归于；认为…是由于。cling附着于，缠住；坚持。

11 Many
scientists remain _________ about the value of this research program.

A. sceptical

B. stationary

C. spacious

D. specific

【答案】A

【解析】句意：许多科学家仍然怀疑这项研究项目的价值。be skeptical …about不肯相信的；常怀疑的。stationary不动的；静止的，固定的；不可移动的。spacious (房间或建筑物)宽敞的。specific具体的，特有的，特定的。

12 A human’s
eyesight is not as _________ as that of an eagle.

A. eccentric

B. acute

C. sensible

D. sensitive

【答案】B

【解析】句意：人的视力不如鹰的敏锐。acute敏锐的，深刻的，剧烈的。eccentric古怪的，怪癖的。sensible明智的，合情理的，切合实际的。sensitive易受伤害的，敏感的；过敏的。

13 Shoes of
this kind are _________ to slip on wet ground.

A. feasible

B. appropriate

C. apt

D. fitting

【答案】C

【解析】句意：这种鞋子在湿地上容易滑倒。be apt to倾向于。feasible可行的, 可能且合理的。appropriate合适的，适合的，适宜的。fitting合身的；合…适的。

14 The members
of Parliament were _________ that the government had not consulted them.

A. impatient

B. tolerant

C. crude

D. indignant

【答案】D

【解析】句意：议员很生气因为政府没有向他们咨询。indignant愤怒的，愤慨的，义愤的。impatient .不耐烦的，急躁的。tolerant容忍的，忍受的。crude天然的，未加工的；简陋的，粗糙的。

15 The prison
guards were armed and ready to shoot if _________ in any way.

A. intervened

B. incurred

C. provoked

D. poked

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果被惹恼了，狱警就武装好准备射击。provoke激起；惹怒；引起；引发。intervene出面；介入。incur遭受；招致，引起。poke伸出；戳出。

16 The vast
majority of people in any given culture will ________ established standards of
that culture.

A. confine

B. conform

C. confront

D. confirm

【答案】C

【解析】句意：特定文化中的大部分人都要面对那个文化已经建立起来的标准。confront面对；对抗；与（某人）对峙。confine限制；局限于。confine sb./sth. in sth.把…局限在。conform不及物动词，conform to遵守，符合，遵从，服从。confirm证实，证明；肯定，确认。

17 Although he
was on a diet，the
food _________ him enormously.

A. inspired

B. tempted

C. overcame

D. encouraged

【答案】B

【解析】句意：尽管他在节食，但是美食让他难以自制。tempt 引起某人的欲望，吸引某人。inspire鼓舞，激励。overcame被(烟、感情等)熏（压）倒，使受不了。encourage鼓励，激励；支持。

18 His argument
does not suggest that mankind can _________ to be wasteful in the utilization
of these resources.

A. resort

B. grant

C. afford

D. entitle

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他的观点没有暗示人类在这些资源的利用中有权利去浪费。resort to诉诸；依靠，求助于。grant 授予；同意。afford 给予，提供；买得起。afford to买得起某物；能承担；支付的起；（有条件）做。entitle称作…；给…称号；使…有权利entitle to给以权利；使有资格；给予…的权利(或资格)。

19 If you want
this pain killer, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a _________.

A. receipt

B. recipe

C. subscription

D. prescription

【答案】D

【解析】句意：如果你想要这种止痛药，得让医生开一个药方。prescription处方，药方；处方上开的药。receipt收据，发票。recipe烹饪法；食谱。subscription 捐助，订阅，签名。

20 Some fish
have a greater _________ for acid water than others.

A. tolerance

B. resistance

C. dependence

D. persistence

【答案】A

【解析】句意：一些鱼比其他鱼更能忍受酸性水。tolerance（for）宽容，容忍。resistance（against）抵抗，反抗，抵抗能力。dependence依赖，依靠。persistence坚持不懈，执意，执着，持续；留存。

21 Reading _________
the mind only with materials of knowledge；it is thinking that makes what we read ours.

A. rectifies

B. prolongs

C. minimizes

D. furnishes

【答案】D

【解析】句意：阅读只是用堆积的知识来充实大脑；只有思考才能使我们读过的东西真正成为自己的。furnish提供；陈设，布置。rectify改正，矫正。prolong延长，拉长；拖延。minimize把…减至最低数量。

22 If the fire
alarm is counted，all
residents are requested to _________ in the courtyard.

A. assemble

B. converge

C. crowd

D. accumulate

【答案】A

【解析】句意：火警响了之后，所有的居民必须在院中集合。所有的选项都有聚集之意。converge不太常用形容人群。表示事物交于一点。crowd有拥挤、推搡的意思。accumulate表示财富的堆积。故选A。

23 The work in
the office was _________ by a constant stream of visitors.

A. confused

B. hampered

C. reversed

D. perplexed

【答案】B

【解析】句意：来访者络绎不绝，办公室的工作因此不断被打断。hamper妨碍，束缚，限制。confuse使困惑，把……弄糊涂。reverse(使)反转，(使)翻转。perplex使迷惑；使混乱。

24 The joys of
travel, having long ________ the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone
who has the means.

A. omitted

B. missed

C. neglected

D. discarded

【答案】C

【解析】句意：旅游的快乐,长期以来都忽略了残疾人，现在事实上对任何一个拥有交通工具的人开放了。neglected忽视，疏忽。omit省略，遗漏；删掉。 missed错过；思念。discarded 抛弃。

25 Fewer and
fewer of today’s workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field,
_________ the same company.

A. all else

B. much worse

C. less likely

D. let alone

【答案】D

【解析】句意：如今，越来越少的人愿意在同一领域工作，更不用说在同一个公司了。let alone更不用说，还不算。all else其他所有的。much worse更糟糕。less likely不大可能。

26 When he
finally emerged from the cave after thirty days，john was _________ pale.

A. enormously

B. startlingly

C. uniquely

D. dramatically

【答案】B

【解析】句意：三十天后，约翰从洞穴里出来时，惊人的白。startlingly惊人的。enormously巨大地，庞大地。uniquely独特地，唯一地；珍奇地。dramatically戏剧性地；引人注目地;显著的。

27 Thank you
for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this
time，but we shall
keep your application on _________ months.

A. pile

B. segment

C. sequence

D. file

【答案】D

【解析】句意：感谢您应聘我们公司，但是目前我们没有空缺职位，不过我很会将您的简历存档的。on file存档，记录下来备查。pile一堆，一叠。segment部分，份。sequence顺序；连续。

28 It will be
safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts
of cash; virtually all financial _________ will be conducted by computer.

A. transactions

B. transmissions

C. transitions

D.
transformations

【答案】A

【解析】句意：因为几乎所有的金融交易将通过计算机进行，人们不需身上带大量的现金，所以走在街上就比较安全。transaction (一笔)交易；(一项)事务。transmission传送, 传播, 传达。transition过渡，转变；变迁；变革。transformation变化，弯形；变质，转变。

29 The ________
of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical
aspect in the life style of the people.

A.
implementation

B. manifestation

C. demonstration

D. expedition

【答案】A

【解析】句意：一种文化现象的兴起，通常是人们生活方式中某种物质层面所导致的逻辑结果。implementation贯彻，执行，履行，完成。manifestation显示；表明；表示。demonstration表明，证明；示范。expedition远征，探险，考察。

30 The new
technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increase ______, a
wider range of publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.

A. manipulation

B. reproduction

C. circulation

D. penetration

【答案】C

【解析】句意：美国报纸界新的科技革命带来了发行量的增加，发行物的多样化和与报纸有关工作的增多。circulation发行量；流通，循环。manipulation操作，控制。reproduction繁殖,生殖,繁殖方式。penetration穿透，穿透能力，穿透深度。

Part II Reading Comprehension(40%)

Read the following passages and answer the questions by
choosing A，B，C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.

Passage 1

Scientists
seeming to cure and prevent insulin-dependent diabetes have discovered what
goes wrong in the bodies of a special breed of mice prone to the affliction
and, using that knowledge, have developed a way to prevent the disease in the
Roberts.

Because mouse
diabetes is almost identical to human type 1 diabetes (also called
insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset diabetes), the researchers say they may be
ready to test their techniques on humans in five years and that a treatment for
patients in the early stages of the disease could be ready to test in two
years.

In
findings—published in last week’s issue of Nature—were obtained by two research
groups working independently. One was led by Daniel L. Kaufaman, a molecular
biologist at the University of California at Los Angeles, and the other by Hugh
O. Mcdevit of Stanford University.

“There’s great
excitement at the prospects for this research” said James Gavin, a diabetes
specialist and president of the American Diabetes Association. “These are
studies you have to call convincing. They are clearly likely to have human
applications. ”

Type 1 diabetes
has long been known to be an autoimmune disease—an ailment in which the immune
system, instead of defending the body against invading microbes, mistakenly
attacks part of the body. In diabetes, it kills the special cells in the
pancreas that make insulin. Without insulin, cells cannot take in sugar. The
body is deprived of sugar energy and its accumulation in the bloodstream
damages nerves and other issues. The potential new treatments would either stop
the immune system from making a mistake or suppress an existing erroneous
response.

1 Which of the
following statements is NOT correct?

A. The new
treatment for diabetes has been applied to humans.

B. There is not
much difference between mouse diabetes and human type diabetes.

C. The discovery
of what goes wrong with a special kind of mice enables scientists to find a way
to prevent diabetes in humans.

D. The discovery
made by the research groups led by Daniel L. Kaufman and Hugh Mcdevit is
convincing.

2 According to
scientists diabetes causes all the following EXCEPT_________.

A. lack of
insulin

B. accumulation
of sugar energy

C. brain damages

D. disorder in
the immune system

3 Scientists
find that it is possible to cure diabetes by means of_________.

A. operation on
pancreas

B. stopping the
accumulation of blood cells

C. accumulation
sugar energy

D. preventing
the immune system from making mistakes

4 Rodents in
the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to a species of animals
including all the following EXCEPT_________.

A. rats

B. rabbits

C. cats

D. squirrels

5 With what can
cells take in sugar?

A. insulin

B. pancreas

C. diabetes

D. immune system

【答案与解析】

1 A  本题考查细节。根据文章第二段第二句“the
researchers say they may be ready to test their techniques on humans in five
years and that a treatment for patients in the early stages of the disease
could be ready to test in two years.”可知研究者准备五年后在人身上实验他们的技术，两年后治疗处于糖尿病初期的患者，因此这种对糖尿病的治疗方法还没有用到人类身上。故A项说法不正确。第一句提到“mouse diabetes is almost identical to human type 1 diabetes”，由此可知鼠类的糖尿病与人类的一种糖尿病几乎一样，并没有太大区别，故B项说法正确。有文章第三段可知这些发现是由两个不同的团队独立完成的，第四段提到这些研究令人信服，故D项说法正确。第一段最后一句“…have developed a way to prevent the disease in the Roberts.”，此处的罗伯特并不是特指叫这个名字的人而是泛指人类。故C项说法正确。

2 C  最后一段提到糖尿病发生的原因。首先是免疫系统，它非但不抵御进去体内的细菌，反而攻击身体的某些部位，所以免疫系统混乱，不能正常工作，故D正确。糖尿病将胰岛里产生胰岛素的细胞杀死，没有了胰岛素就不能吸收糖分，糖分堆积在体液中和其他组织中，体内缺少糖分提供能量，故A，B正确。C在文中并未提及。

3 D  最后一段最后一句提到了这种治疗的新方法“he potential
new treatments would either stop the immune system from making a mistake or
suppress an existing erroneous response.”，或者组织免疫系统出错，或者压制现存的错误反应。故选D。

4 C 
rodent指啮齿类动物。选项中只有cat不属于啮齿类动物，猫属于猫科动物。故选C。

5 A  最后一段第二句话“In diabetes，it kills the special cells in
the pancreas that make insulin Without insulin，cells cannot take in sugar.”由此可见胰岛素可以吸收糖分。故选A。

Passage 2

Every man is a
philosopher. Every man has his own philosophy of life and his special view of
the universe. Moreover, his philosophy is important, more important perhaps
that he himself knows. It determines his treatment of friends and enemies, his
conduct when alone and in society, his attitude towards his home, his work, and
his country, his religious beliefs, his ethical standards, his social
adjustment and his personal happiness.

Nations, too,
through the political or military party in power, have their philosophers of
thought and action. Wars are waged and revolutions incited because of the clash
of ideologies, the conflict of philippics. It has always been so. World War II
is but the latest and most dramatic illustration of the combustible nature of
differences in social and political philosophy.

Philosophy, says
Plato, begins with wonder. We wonder about the destructive fury of earthquakes,
floods, storms, drought, pestilence, famine, and fire, the mysteries of birth
and death, pleasure and pain, change and permanence, cruelly and kindness,
instincts and ideals, mind and body, the size of the universe and man’s place
in it. Our questions are endless. What is man? What is Nature? What is justice?
What is duty? Alone among the animals man is concerned about his origin and
end, about his purposes and goals, about the meaning of life and the nature of
reality. He alone distinguishes between beauty and ugliness, good and evil, the
better and the worse. He may be a member of the animal kingdom, but he is also
a citizen of the world of ideas and values.

Some of man’s
questions have had answers. Where the answer is clear, we call it science or art
and move on to higher ground and a new vista of the world. Many of our questions,
however, will never have final answers. Men will always discuss the nature of
justice and right, the significance of evil, the art of government, the
relation of mind and matter, the search for truth, the quest for happiness, the
idea of God, and the meaning of reality.

The human race
has reflected so long and often on these problems that the same patterns of
thought recur in almost every age. We should know what these thoughts are. We
should know what answers have been suggested by those who have most influenced
ancient and modern thought. We shall want to do our own thinking and find our
own answers. It is, however, neither necessary nor advisable to travel alone.
Others have helped dispel the darkness, and the light they have kindled may
also illuminate our way.

6 In the
passage, the author says that every man is a philosopher. This is
because_________.

A. every man
lives like a philosopher

B. every man is
aware of the importance of philosophy

C. every man
lives in accordance with his world outlook

D. every man
lives consciously

7 According to
Plato, philosophy originated from_________.

A. what we don’t
know

B. some miracles

C. the question
on what man is

D. moral values

8 According to
the author, we can trace the root of war in_________.

A. the power
struggle

B. the military
competition

C. the conflict
of ideas

D. the racial
contradiction

9 In the
passage, the author implies that_________.

A. it is not
good for people to travel alone

B. one should
explore philosophical problems under the guidance of other philosophers

C. one should
follow the path of other philosophers

D. one would
study philosophy with others

10 What is
called science or art, according to the author?

A. the deficit
answers of some of man’s questions

B. Man’s thoughts

C. all of man’s
questions

D. the meaning
of reality

【答案与解析】

6 C  第一段第一句提到“Every man is a
philosopher. Every man has his own philosophy of life and his special view of
the universe”，由此可知每个人都是哲学家，每个人都有自己对生命的哲学看法和世界观。后一句是对前一句的解释，因此选A。

7 A  本题考查判断推理。第三段第一句“Philosophy，says Plato，begins with wonder.”在柏拉图看来哲学起于迷惑不解。wonder有“迷惑，诧异”的意思。通过下文举得让人思考的例子也可看出哲学起源于我们不知道的东西。故选A。

8 C  本题考查判断推理。第二段提到“Wars are waged
and revolutions incited because of the clash of ideologies，the conflict of philippics.”，由此可知战争革命是因为意识形态的冲突和观点的不同。故选C。

9 B  本题考查对段落的整体把握与推理。最后一段提到“人类在很早就已经思考过这些问题，并且思考了很长时间，所以我们应当了解这些思想是什么，古代及现代的人们给出的答案又是什么。然后我们进行自己的思考找到自己的答案，但是没必要自己独立寻找答案。”A，C，D虽然本身正确，不应该travel alone但还要自己进行思考，从而得出自己的观点，都只是其中一方面，只有B最全面。

10 A  由第四段第二句“Where the answer is
clear, we call it science or art and move on to higher ground and a new vista
of the world.”可知答案清楚地，我们就称之为科学或艺术。故选A。

Passage 3

About one
commercial bank out of every four has a trust department that provides；specialized fiduciary services
for its customers. To engage in the trust business, a bank must obtain from its
chartering agency trust powers that enable it to offer these specialized
financial services. The following sections provide an introduction to the trust
function.

With roughly 75
percent of banking-industry participants not engaged in trust operations, trust
services obviously play a somewhat limited role in the industry. Since 1981 the
percentage contribution of these revenues to total operating income and total
assets has been increasing after declining since 1975. As of year-end 1983,
trust income was $4.2 billion and amounted to 1.74 percent of total operating
income and 0.185 percent of total bank assets. Over the eight-year period 1975
to 1983, trust income grew at a compound annual rate of 12.78 percent compared
to 17.42 percent for total operating income and 11.81 percent for total assets.

Trust
departments generate revenue by charging fees for the services they provide. In
the early days of the trust business, these fees usually were calculated as a
percentage of Income earned from trust assets. Today, most fee income is based
upon principal value or a combination of principal value and income. To
illustrate, a fee schedule based upon principal value for personal trust
accounts might range from 1 percent to 25 percent annually, depending upon the
size of the account. One of the controversial areas in trust management is how
to measure fee income.

The service
objectives of trust and agency relationships involve five major operations：1)recordkeeping, 2)
safekeeping, 3)personal and financial counseling, 4)investing, and 5) control
of assets.

Personal trusts
and employee-benefit accounts are the major business lines of trust
departments, as of December 31, 1980, these two lines accounted for $440
billion or 77 percent of total trust assets of $571 billion. In each of the
major business lines, common stocks are the major investment vehicle, as they
account for roughly 48 percent or total trust assets. Personal trusts have the
highest proportion of assets in common stocks at 56 percent.

Decide whether
the following statements are TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN, and Write the answer in
the blanket.

11
_________Most small-sized banks usually have a trust department.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C. NOT GIVEN

12 _________Trust
services occupy a very important position in the banking industry.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C. NOT GIVEN

13 _________Nowadays,
banks charge fees for the trust services they provide which were counted as part
of the earnings from trust assets.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C. NOT GIVEN

14 _________The
trust service operations include safekeeping, counseling and investing etc.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C. NOT GIVEN

15 _________In
personal trusts and employee-benefit accounts of trust departments during the
1980s, common stocks are the major investment vehicle.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

C. NOT GIVEN

【答案与解析】

11 B  第一句提到1/4的商业银行有信托部门，因此most不对。

12 B  由第二段第一句“……trust services
obviously play a somewhat limited role in the industry.”可知信托服务业在银行业中只起到有限的作用。故起到很重要的作用不对。

13 B  本题是细节题。第三段第二句提到“In the early
days of the trust business，these fees usually were calculated as a percentage of Income earned
from trust assets”，由此可讲，是在过去而不是现在信托业务被看成是信托资产的一部分。因此本题不对。

14 A  由倒数第二段可推知。

15 C  最后一段第一句虽然提到 “如同1980年12月31日一样，个人信托和员工福利是信托部门的主要业务”，并且在第二句中说明普通股票是现在主要的投资途径，但第二句中只是单纯描述现在的情况，并没有提到是否同八十年代相同，因此不能推断出八十年代的主要投资途径是否是普通股票，故选C。

Passage 4

___16___.
Three centre on the United States. A fourth relates to China, and the fifth is
that oil prices could rise to over$70 per barrel even without a major political
or terrorist disruption and much higher with one.

Most of these
risks reinforce each other. A further oil shock, a dollar collapse and a
soaring American budget deficit would all generate much higher inflation and
interest rates. ____17___. Larger budget deficits will produce larger
American trade deficits, and thus more protectionism and dollar vulnerability.
Realization of any one of the five risks could substantially reduce world
growth. If two or three, let alone all five, were to occur in combination then
they would radically reverse the global outlook.

____18___.
It has already reached an annual rate of $870 billion, well above 7%of the
economy. It is expected that the deficit would exceed Sa trillion per year by
2010.

There are three
reasons for this dismal prospect. First, American merchandise imports are now
almost twice as large as exports；hence exports would have to grow twice as fast as imports merely to
halt the deterioration. Second, economic growth is likely to remain faster in
America than in its major markets and higher incomes there increase demand for
imports much faster than income growth elsewhere increases demand for American
exports. Third, ___19___.

Fears of a hard
landing for the dollar and the world economy are of course not new. The
situation is much more ominous today, however, because of the record
current—account deficits and international debt, and the high probability of
further rapid increases in both. ____20____, which were associated with
stagflation, rather than the l980s when a sharp fall in energy costs and
inflation cushioned dollar depreciation (but still produced higher interest
rates and Black Monday for the stock market).

Choose the
following sentences marked A to E to complete the above article. Write your
choice on your ANSWER SHEET.

16 _________

17 _________

18 _________

19 _________

20 _________

A. America’s
large debtor position means that its net investment income payments to
foreigners will escalate steadily, especially as interest rates rise.

B. A sharp
dollar decline would increase the likelihood of further oil price rises.

C. The potential
escalation of oil prices suggests a parallel with the dollar declines of the
1970s.

D. The most
alarming new prospect is another sharp deterioration in America’s current
account deficit.

E. Five major
risks threaten the world economy.

【答案与解析】

16 E  本段主要介绍了美国有三个中心，第四个是中国，第五个与石油价格有关。第二段又提到这些危险之间使彼此更加严重。由此可见一共是五个危险世界经济的危险。

17 B  本段第一句作为中心句提到这些危险因素之间相互影响，会使为先进一步上升。第二句美元贬值和不断上升的财政赤字可能导致通货膨胀和利率上升，因此下文应当提到美元贬值对油价的影响。

18 D  第四段第一句提到这种不乐观的prospect 有三种原因。此句的prospect是对上文的提示。此外第三段解释了美国财政赤字带来的后果。

19 A  本段提到了美国财政赤字的三个原因，一是商品的进口高于出口；二是美国经济增长很快，更高的收入会刺激进口比较多，刺激出口少。因此第三个原因应是出口少了，还贷款就会减少，故选A。

20C  后面的定语从句修饰本句，定语从句中提到而“不是与二十世纪八十年代的资源价格跌落和美元贬值有关”，可推断前面也应和油价和美元有关。故选C。

Part Ⅲ Writing(30%)

Write an English
report of 250-300 words describing the world economic pyramid according to the
following chart and give your own analysis of the purchasing power situation.
Your writing will be assessed for language, format, structure and content.

【参考范文】

The Purchasing Power Analysis

The chart
illustrates the world economic pyramid in terms of annual per capital income
and population. The economic pyramid is divided into 4 tires according to
purchasing power.

The forth tire
lies at the bottom of this pyramid, with a population of about 4,000 million. People
belonging to this tire earn less than 1,500 dollars on average per year. The
third and second tires are in the middle part of this pyramid. The amount of 1,625
million people with salaries ranging from 2,000 to 20,000 dollars constitutes
this part. At the top of economic pyramid stands the first tire, including the
rich all over the world. Compared with those in the forth tire, the total amount
of people in this group is only 87.5 million, with over 20,000 dollars annual
per capital income.

According to the
chart, it is not difficult for us to come to the conclusion that about 60% of
people earn less than 1,500 a year. Since most people earn not so much, their
consuming demand mainly concentrate on the basic living standard. We all know
that ordinary people’s purchasing power have great influence on one country’s
even the world’s economic trend. If people in the forth tire are poor, the
whole country’s purchasing demand is not promising. What’s more, from the graph
we can see that the income gap between the rich and poor is wide, which means
most ordinary people do not have access to the merchandise or services needed
or wanted. The middle class people play the role of backbone in the aspect of
purchasing power as they may have extra money to enjoy themselves besides
living relatively comfortable.

To conclude,
there lies a gap in the purchasing power situation and most people’s consuming
capacity is not so promising, therefore, how to improve ordinary people’s
living quality may still be governments’ top task.

更多内容，请点击获取：
http://shuyue.100xuexi.com/Ebook/969199.html