天津外国语大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及辅导用书

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1. 天津外国语大学《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题

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天津外国语大学《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解

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2010年天津外国语大学357英语翻译基础[专业硕士]考研真题及详解

I. Directions: Translate
the following TRANSLATION-related terms into their target language
respectively. There are altogether 40 items in this part of the test, 20 in
English and 20 in Chinese, with one point for each. (40’)

1 CAT

【答案】计算机辅助翻译

2 cognition

【答案】认知

3 corpus

【答案】语料库

4 diction

【答案】用语，措辞

5 discourse

【答案】语篇

6 domestication

【答案】归化

7 equivalent effect

【答案】等效

8 ESP

【答案】专门用途英语（English for Specific
Purposes）

9 foreignization

【答案】异化

10 hypotaxis

【答案】形合

11 methodology

【答案】方法论

12 over-translation

【答案】超额翻译

13 parataxis

【答案】意合

14 Pearl Buck

【答案】赛珍珠

15 Renaissance

【答案】文艺复兴

16 translationese

【答案】翻译腔

17 translatology

【答案】译学，翻译学

18 transliteration

【答案】音译

19 Tower of Babel

【答案】巴别塔

20 under-translation

【答案】欠额翻译

21 编译

【答案】Compiling

22 翻译研究

【答案】translation studies

23 化境

【答案】Sublimity

24 可读性

【答案】Readability

25 目的语

【答案】Target Language (TL)

26 歧义

【答案】Ambiguity

27 神似

【答案】Likeness in spirit

28 神韵

【答案】romantic charm

29 死译

【答案】Word-for-word translation, stiff translation

30 四字格

【答案】Four-character structure

31 天人合一

【答案】Harmony between man and nature

32 信达雅

【答案】Faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance

33 形似

【答案】Likeness in form or appearance

34 洋泾浜

【答案】Pidgin English

35 意美、音美、形美

【答案】Beauty in sense, sound and form

36 意译

【答案】Free translation

37 隐喻

【答案】Metaphor

38 应用翻译

【答案】pragmatic translation

39 源语

【答案】Source language (SL)

40 直译

【答案】Literal translation

II. Directions:
Translate the following two source texts into their target language
respectively (110 ‘)

Source Text 1:

Do you remember
how Forrest Gump was preparing for the biggest ping pong match of his life to
be played in China? Well, he came, he played, and he kicked butt. I am pretty
sure “Lose Face” were the words of the day.

The Forrest Gump
pipedream visits me every now and then. I have always fantasized about standing
atop the gold-medal podium for the Red, White and Blue; victory paddle in one
hand, 24-ka.rats around my neck, Chinese opponents on both sides, with Old
Glory rising and the Star-Spangled Banner playing. Ok, wake me up. Who am I
kidding? The Chinese will lose their number one spot on the ping pong podium
when Hainan Island freezes over. And that’s why I started playing the glorious game
of ma jiang.

If you can’t
beat ‘em at pong, ma jiang must be the second best thing, right? Now, 1 am not
talking about mahjong, the matching tile game you play on the computer to kill
time; I am talking about bona fide, cutthroat Chinese ma jiang.

I feel the most
“Chinese” when I am sitting at the ma jiang table raking in the dough. And most
of the time, in terms of making money, Chairman Mao’s face is my friend, but
hot streaks easily give way to cold ones. Indeed, most of ma jiang is a game of
luck; I would say 70% luck and 30% skill.

Unlike poker, in
ma jiang, reading your opponents tends to be almost impossible, so tense stare
downs are rarely seen.

Perhaps, I am
the .only Westerner in this city who plays ma jiang competitively. I guess you
could call me the Da Shan of ma jiang, and that’s part of the thrill for me.
The other part of it is being just as skilled as my Chinese opponents, who
started playing ma jiang when I was just a little kid, swinging the Little
League bat back stateside.

Truly, when I
started playing ma jiang, I didn’t know what I was going to get; I didn’t
realize back then, that today, I would love it so much. I am a competitive
person, so I guess ma jiang and me turned out to be-well-you know, like those
two compatible veggies. In the end, if ma jiang one day becomes an Olympic event,
you know what’s going down. (390 words)

【参考译文】

你还记得阿甘是怎样为他将在中国进行的、他人生最大的一场乒乓球赛做准备吗？他来了，他打了球，他赢了。我确信，对中国人来说当天的状况只能用“丢脸”来形容。

现在我时不时地会做阿甘的白日梦。我总是幻想我站在金牌的红蓝白色领奖台上，手握着胜利，脖子上挂着24K的金牌，而我的中国对手都站在两边，同时，美国国旗升起，《星条旗永不落》也开始演奏着。哦，把我叫醒吧。我在开什么玩笑？除非海南岛能结冰，否则中国不可能在乒乓球领奖台上失去第一的位置。所以，我开始玩麻将这个很棒的游戏。

如果不能在乒乓上打败他们，麻将一定是仅次于它的事，对吗？现在，我讲的麻将不是为了消遣在电脑上玩的消消看游戏；我讲的是真实、残酷的中国麻将。

当我坐在麻将桌旁发财的时候，我最能感受到“中国”特色。说到发财，大多数时候，毛主席的头像都是我的好朋友（我可以赢钱），但是连连赢钱的好运很容易就没了。确实，大多数的麻将游戏都是运气游戏，我的说法是70%的运气加上30%的技巧。

麻将不同于扑克牌的一点是，要读懂你的对手几乎是一件不可能的事，很少看到在麻将桌上会有人紧紧地盯住别人。

或许，我是这个城市中唯一一个打麻将时求胜心切的外国人。或许你们可以叫我麻将大山，那是我感到兴奋的部分原因。另一部分的原因是我的中国对手在我还是一个小孩子的时候就开始打麻将了，而我可以和他们一样技巧熟练，完全把美国小联盟的棒球棒丢在了脑后。

实话说，当我开始打麻将的时候，我不知道我将得到什么；我那时还没有意识到，现在我会这么爱它。我是一个求胜心切的人，所以我猜，麻将和我可以成为——你知道，就像两个兼容的蔬菜一样。最后，如果麻将有一天成为一个奥运项目会发生什么事呢，你们懂的。

Source Text 2:

2005年12月，当建筑工人将北京银泰中心的最后一根大梁安装完成后，“京城第一高楼”正式封顶，它的高度为249.9米。此前的15年，“京城第一高楼”的荣誉属于京广中心，其高度为209米；在更早之前的l958年，“京城第一”的荣誉属于50年代的“十大建筑”之一——位于长安街的北京电报大楼。大楼装有四面塔钟，每当悠扬的报时钟声同荡于十里长街，北京人常常会习惯性地抬头仰望高达74米的电报大楼。银泰中心在“京城第一高楼”的“交椅”上仅坐了不到二年，国贸二期竣工后，又将北京的高度提升到330米。在国贸的不远处，则是即将竣工的中央电视台新址、北京财富中心。他们止俯瞰北京城，成为这座城市的下一个制高点。

上述故事发生于CBD，即位于北京城东的中央商务区，这里已经成为北京最富有活力、最具有现代化气息的地区之一。这些气势恢宏、雄心勃勃的建筑，是北京飞速发展的一个缩影，同时也是北京乃至中国崛起于世界的窗口。（376 words）

【参考译文】

In December,
2005, when the construction worker finished mounting the last crossbeam of the
Beijing Yintai Center, the tallest building in Capital Beijing formally
completed its capping, with a height of 249.9 meters. 15 years before that, the
honor of the tallest building in Capital Beijing fell to Jingguang Center,
measured 209 meters by height; while in the earlier year of 1958, this honor
belonged to one of the ten great buildings in 1950s, that is, the Beijing
Telegraph Building located in the Changan street. This building was furnished
with turret clock on its four sides. When the melodious bell rang across the
ten-li long street to tell the time, people in Beijing would habitually rise
their head and look up at the telegraph building as high as 74 meters. The
Yintai Center had kept the honor for just less than two years until the completion
of the second-phase project of the China World Trade Center, which has elevated
the height of Beijing to 330 meters. Not far from it lie the new site of CCTV
headquarters and the Beijing Fortune Plaza. They will overlook Beijing as the
next commanding height of the city.

The
above-mentioned stories all took place in CBD—the Central Bussiness District in
the east of Beijing, which boasts to be one of the most dynamic and modern part
of Beijing. And these imposing and ambitious buildings represent not only a
miniature for the rapid development of Beijing, but also a window for the
emerging Beijing and even the flourishing China in the world.

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