天津外国语大学241二外英语考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 天津外国语大学《241二外英语》历年考研真题

2. 全国名校二外英语考研真题

考研指导书

1. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

2. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（2）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

3. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（3）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

4. 郑树棠《新视野大学英语读写教程（4）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】

天津外国语大学《241二外英语》历年考研真题AI讲解

书籍目录

部分内容

2005年天津外国语大学241二外英语真题及详解

考试科目：英语二外

(注意：答案必须写在答题纸上)

(全卷试题共100分)

I. Find the right definition for each word or
phrase in Column A by choosing one from Column B. (15%)

【答案】

1 J→unrealistic—不切实际的；不实在的

2 E→underweight—重量不足的

3 H→slimness—苗条；纤细

4 O→plump—使丰满；使鼓起

5 B→excess—超过，超额；过度，过量

6 M→with regard to—关于；至于

7 I→refreshing—提神的；使清爽的；使人重新振作的

8 L→bias—偏见；偏爱

9 N→seminar—讨论会，研讨班

10 K→rest with—在于；取决于

11 A→swear—发誓；咒骂

12 C→reassurance—使安心，再保证

13 F→heal—治愈，痊愈

14 G→swell—膨胀；肿胀

15 D→motivate—刺激

II. Vocabulary and
Structure (20%)

Directions: There are
20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.

1 He wrote to the graduate school to _____
about the doctorate study in Washington University.

A. acquire

B. request

C. inquire

D. require

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他写信给研究生院询问关于华盛顿大学的博士学习。inquir询问；查究；问明。acquire获得；取得。request要求，请求。require需要；要求；命令。

2 My school was traditional, but more
______ than other public schools.

A. long

B. lasting

C. crafty

D. liberal

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我的学校是传统的，但比其他公立学校更加开明。liberal开明的；自由主义的。long长的。lasting持久的；永恒的。crafty狡猾的；灵巧的。

3 They happily _____ the existence of
opinions contrary to their own.

A. resist

B. tolerate

C. sustain

D. undergo

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他们乐于接受与之相反的观点。tolerate忍受；默许。resist抵抗，抗拒。sustain维持；支撑。undergo经历，经受；忍受。

4 _____ these criticism, I shall attempt
to justify my action.

A. Mindful of

B. Awkward of

C. Ignorant of

D. Shy on

【答案】A

【解析】句意：注意到这些批评，我会试图证明我的行动是正当的。mindful of注意；留心。awkward尴尬的；笨拙的。ignorant of不知道；不懂。

5 Different people have the most _____
ideas about what is important in life.

A. versatile

B. vague

C. verbal

D. varied

【答案】D

【解析】句意：不同的人对生命中什么是重要的有不同的看法。varied多变的；各式各样的。versatile多才多艺的；通用的，万能的。vague模糊的；含糊的。verbal口头的；言语的。

6 “Why couldn’t they meet us at 5
o’clock?” “Because they were delayed by _____.”

A. a heavy
traffic

B. heavy traffic

C. some heavy
traffic

D. many traffic

【答案】B

【解析】句意：“为什么他们不能在五点钟遇见我们？”“因为他们被堵塞的交通延误了”。traffic交通，为不可数名词，不可以用a或者many修饰。

7 “His grandmother still treats him like a
child.” “She can’t imagine _____ grown up.”

A. he

B. him

C. his

D. himself

【答案】B

【解析】句意：“他的祖母仍然把他像小孩一样对待。”“她不能想象他已经长大了”。该空做动词imagine的宾语，所以要用宾格him。

8 The mayor of the city is a _____ old
man.

A. respective

B. respectful

C. respecting

D. respectable

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这个城市的市长是一个值得尊敬的老人。respectable值得尊敬的；人格高尚的。respective分别的，各自的。respectful恭敬的；有礼貌的。

9 Where _____ dirt, there are flies.

A. there has
been

B. there will
have

C. has there
been

D. there is

【答案】D

【解析】句意：肮脏的地方就有苍蝇。There be句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”，其结构为There be(is，are，was, were )+名词+地点状语，因为后面的名词为dirt，是不可数名词，所以此处应为there is。

10 We are all overjoyed at the news _____
the experiment turned out a success.

A. that

B. which

C. when

D. what

【答案】A

【解析】句意：实验获得成功这一消息使我们万分高兴。这里考查同位语从句，用that引导，在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。

11 It’s about time that somebody _____ you
to behave yourself.

A. teach

B. will teach

C. taught

D. teaches

【答案】C

【解析】句意：到了某人教你规矩行为的时候了。“到了某人该做某事的时候了”的句型是It is/was about time that sb did/should do sth，即此处可以填taught或者should teach。

12 Women wearing the gowns were reported
to look _____ they had just stepped out of bed.

A. like

B. as to

C. as

D. as if

【答案】D

【解析】句意：据说穿着这件长袍的女士像刚起床。as if好像，在look，seem
等系动词后引导表语从句。look
like看上去像，后面接名词，不可以接句子。

13 Occasionally she and Philip _____
little pictures.

A. would go out
and paint

B. were used to
going out and painting

C. could go out
and paint

D. used to
going out and painting

【答案】A

【解析】句意：有时，她会和菲利浦一起外出画一些小画。would用在陈述语气中，表示过去将来时，表示无意识的行动或单纯将来发生的事或动作。be used to doing sth习惯于做某事。used to do sth表示过去常常做某事而现在不再做了。

14 _____ disappoint them he did two quick
tricks.

A. Rather than

B. Neither

C. Instead

D. Other than

【答案】A

【解析】句意：而不是使孩子们失望，他快速地做了两个恶作剧。rather than而不是。neither两个都不；既不……也不。instead代替；反而，用于句首时需要加上of，且instead
of后面接动名词。other than除了；不同于。

15 Every attention must be paid to him,
lest he _____ that he is inferior to my other guests.

A. feel

B. would feel

C. felt

D. feels

【答案】A

【解析】句意：所有的注意力必须放在他身上，以免他感觉自己比我的其他客人差。lest的意思是“唯恐，以免，免得”。是连词，引出的目的状语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语多用 should 加动词原形构成，其中should可以省略。

16 That was a terrible piece of work you
______ the other day. I could hardly believe it was yours.

A. turned down

B. turned to

C. turned up

D. turned in

【答案】D

【解析】句意：你几天前上交的作品非常糟糕，我不敢相信那是你做的。turn in交上；归还。turn down减小，关小，调低。turn to转向；变成；求助于。turn up出现；找到。

17 The enemy are ______ their offensive
capacity along the border.

A. building on

B. building up

C. building out

D. building off

【答案】B

【解析】句意：敌人正在边界一带增强他们的进攻能力。build up建立增长。build on依赖，依靠……；建立于。build out增建。build off制作；起飞。

18 Success or failure here would be
crucial to his future _____.

A. proposals

B. prospects

C. promises

D. privileges

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在这的成功或者失败对他的前途将有决定性的作用。prospect前景；预期。proposal提议，建议；求婚。promise许诺，允诺。privilege特权；优待。

19 _____ him as a writer I do not like him
as a man.

A. As I much
admire

B. Much as I
admire

C. Much admire
as I

D. However I
much admire

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他作为一个作家我很崇拜，但不喜欢他作为一个男人。as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前，在这里将副词much提前。

20 ______ interesting to us, but also its
English will help us in composition.

A. Not only the
novel will be

B. Not only
will the novel be

C. Not only
will be the novel

D. Only will
the novel be

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这本小说对我们而言不仅有兴趣，其中的英文对写作也有帮助。not only…but also 连接两个分句，并且not only 位于句首时，第一个分句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装，所以the novel will be not only interesting to us要变成not only will the novel be interesting to us。

III. Reading
Comprehension (15%)

Directions: There are
3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each
of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D). You should decide on the
best choice and write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Questions 1 to 5 are
based on the following passage:

In a society
such as Untied States or Canada, which has many national, religious and
cultural differences, people highly value individualism—the differences among
people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each
student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values
do not memorize information. Instead, they work individually and find answers
themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age,
students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.

In most Asian
societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history and culture.
Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in the Orient reflects
society’s belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children
in China, Japan, and Korea often work together and help one another on
assignments. There are advantages and disadvantages to both of the system of
education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there
learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of
high school.

They also study
more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system
is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and
self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage, Memorization is an important
learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam,
they forget much of the information that they have memorized.

The advantage of
the educational system in North America, on the other hand, is that students
learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that
values creative ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate
from high school, they haven’t memorized as many basic rules and facts as
students in other countries have.

1 The reason why American teachers attach
much importance to individualism is that _____.

A. they are
required to do so

B. their
students do not memorize information

C. the United
States is a country of multiculture

D. their
students work individually

2 Which of the following statements
applies to Asian methods of education?

A. Each child in
a classroom draws different picture

B. Students have
to find information themselves

C. Students are
prepared for a society that values discipline

D. Teachers
serve as guide in discussion

3 An ideal educational system would be the
one that _____.

A. has more
advantages

B. is based on
the combination of Western and Oriental methods

C. is based on
the Western system

D. rests on the
Asian system

4 The author is convinced that _____.

A. different
educational systems reflect different culture of the societies

B. students from
Western countries are creative but selfish

C. Asian
students are merely interested in math and science

D. there are
more advantages to Western system of education than to Oriental one

5 The passage is chiefly about _____.

A. the
differences in methods of education between the Orient and the West

B. the
advantages and disadvantages to both of the Western and Asian educational
system

C. how Asian
school systems reflect group goals

D. how Western
school systems mirror the value of individualism

【答案与解析】

1 C  根据文章第一段第一句可知，美国中存在很多宗教和文化的差异，所以人们高度重视个人主义，因此本题中老师十分注重个人主义是因为美国是一个多文化的国家，故而选择C。

2 C  根据文章第三段“The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that
values discipline and self-control”可知，亚洲的教学系统能够为社会培育出重视自律和自我控制的学生。

3 B  作者在文中分析了中西方教育各自的优缺点，根据第二段中的“There are advantages and disadvantages to both of the system of
education”可知，完美的教育形式应该是这两者的结合，故而选择B。

4 A  作者在第一段就指出，由于美国是一个多文化的国家，所以他们重视个人主义，他们的教育方式也能反映出这一点，再根据第二段中的“the educational system in the Orient reflects society’s belief in group
goals and purposes rather than individualism”可知，东方的教育反映出东方社会对集体目标的追求，所以作者认为不同的教育方式能反映社会的不同文化。

5 A  本文先介绍了西方和东方的不同教育方法，然后归纳了两者各自的优缺点，所以本文主要是在讨论中西方教育的不同之处，选择A。

Questions 6 to 10 are
based on the following passage:

Acting is such
an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young
person thinking of going on the stage is “Don’t”. But it is useless to try to
discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming
famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama school. Usually
only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts
two years. Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical
company, usually as an assistant stage manager. This means doing everything
that there is to do in the theatre: painting scenery, publicity, taking care of
the costumes, and even acting in very small parts. It is very hard work indeed,
the hours are long and the salary is tiny.

Of course, some
people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and success without this long
and hard training. Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working
in a bicycle factory. A film producer happened to catch sight of her one
morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his car. He stopped and got
out to speak to the girl. He asked if she would like to go to the film studio to
do a test, and she thought he was joking. Then she got angry and said she would
call the police. It took the producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he
was serious. The test was successful. And within a few weeks she was playing
the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day. But chances
like this happen once in a blue moon!

6 From the very beginning, the author puts
it clearly that acting is a profession _____.

A. sought after
by too many

B. too difficult
for young people

C. for ambitious
people only

D. for young
people only

7 For someone who feels he must act, it is
very likely that _____.

A. he will
become a film star at long last

B. he will
become a stage manager

C. he will be
well paid

D. he will end
up without any success

8 The film producer found Connie Pratt one
morning when she was _____.

A. working in a
bicycle factory

B. driving past
him in her car

C. going to a
film studio

D. waiting for a
bus

9 A few weeks after the test, Connie Pratt
found herself _____.

A. the most famous
actress of the world

B. playing the
leading female role in a play

C. as famous as
the greatest actor of the world

D. no less
famous as the leading actor of the day

10 The concluding sentence “chances like
this happen once in a blue moon” means _____.

A. this is
something which happens once in a while

B. this is a
highly profitable chance

C. this is
something highly possible

D. this is a
very rare chance

【答案与解析】

6 A  根据第一段第一句“Acting is such an over-crowded profession”可知，演员这一职业被太多人追求。

7 D  根据第一段第二句“it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must
act, although the chances of his becoming famous are slim”可知，对于那些认为自己必须做演员的人来说，成功的机会也是十分渺茫，即他最后可能不会成功。

8 D  根据第二段中的“A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at
a bus stop”可知，当Connie
Pratt在等公交时，一位电影制片人发现了她。

9 B  根据第二段中倒数第二句的“she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous
actors of the day”可知，Connie Pratt是在剧中扮演女主角。

10 D  “chances like this happen once in a blue moon”是指那是非常偶然的事，十分罕见。所以选择D。

Questions 11 to 15
are based on the following passage:

In what now
seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the early post-war era,
there was a quite wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world
from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving
us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives,
we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend
to be over-trusting of computers and are reluctant to challenge their
authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons
may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction.

Obviously, there
would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers,
but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the
machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong. Questioning
and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business
as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the
following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be
seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

11 What is the main purpose of this
passage?

A. To look back
to the early days of computers.

B. To explain
what technical problems may occur with computers.

C. To
discourage unnecessary investment in computers.

D. To warn
against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers.

12 The author advises those dealing with
computers to _____.

A. be
reasonably skeptical about them

B. check all
their answers

C. substitute
them for basic thinking

D. use them for
business purposes only

13 An “internal computer” is _____.

A. a computer
used exclusively by one company for one own problems

B. a person’s
store of knowledge and the ability to process it

C. the most
up-to-date in-house computer a company can buy

D. a computer
from the post-war era which is very reliable

14 The author suggests that the
present-day problem with regard to computers is _____.

A. challenging

B. dramatic

C.
psychological

D.
malfunctioning

15 It can be inferred from the passage
that the author would disapprove of _____.

A. computer
science courses in high schools

B. businessmen
and women who use pocket calculators

C. maintenance
checks on computers

D. companies
which depend only on computers for decision-making

【答案与解析】

11 D  文章分析了人们过分依赖电子计算机这一问题，在结尾向人们提出了忠告：尽管电子计算机可以提供各种帮助，但是它不应被视为代替人们基本思维和推理的东西。文章主要目的是警告人们在心理上对计算机不要采取懒惰的态度。

12 A  文章第二段第二句说：“Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a
part of good business as they were in pre-computer days.”由此我们可以推断出，文章建议那些与计算机打交道的人应该对它们采取合理的怀疑态度。

13 B  理解“internal computer”的含义的关键是确定“internal”的意思。这个词几个基本含义是“内部的，体内的，内在的”。从它所在的上下文来看，它的意思是“体内的”。“internal computer”是一种比喻说法，指人的大脑，它比计算机更聪明、更复杂，具有储存知识和运用知识的能力。因此，选项B是正确答案。

14 C  根据文章内容我们得知，当今电子计算机的问题既不是令人深思的也不是容易出故障。它的问题是人们在心理上过分信赖它，对它的能力毫不怀疑。

15 D  作者在文章末尾指出，电脑不应被视为代替人们基本思维和推理的东西，所以作者不会赞成公司去依靠电脑来做出决策。

IV. Short Answer
Questions (10%)

Directions: Read the
following passage carefully and give brief answers to the questions.

As every
schoolboy knows, the important raw materials of industry are coal, oil and
iron. But, as every businessman knows, the most important raw material of all
is the schoolboy who, as a trained college graduate, will run the U.S. industry
of the future. Today U.S. industry is faced with a tight shrinkage of such manpower,
it needs not only more but better trained college graduates.

To help them,
many businessmen believe, that corporations must 1) provide much of the cash
needed by colleges to expand their facilities and improve their teaching, and
2) work more closely with colleges on business’s needs. As Robert R. Young pointed
out at a White Sulphur Springs conference of businessmen and educators,
industry and education have a clear mutuality of interest.

Businessmen and
educators have not always recognized this. While there are a few businessmen
who still regard college professors as fuzzy-minded and likely to be radicals,
and a few educators who still look on businessmen as mere money-grabbers, the
mutual distrust has generally disappeared in the mutual need. The rapidly
expanding U.S. economy has made college graduates more important than ever to
industry. In turn, universities must depend increasingly on corporations for
contributions, since high taxes have all but cut off the flow of the big
individual contributions that built the private school.

1 What are the most important raw
materials of industry to businessmen?

2 What did Robert R. Young point out?

3 Why are college graduates more important
than ever to U.S. industry?

4 What has generally disappeared because
of their mutual need?

5 What should businessmen do to help
colleges?

【答案与解析】

1 schoolboy

（由第一段中的“as every businessman
knows, the most important raw material of all is the schoolboy”可知答案为schoolboy）

2 Industry and education have a clear
mutuality of interest.

（由第二段最后一句可以得出）

3 Because U.S. economy is rapidly
expanding.

（根据最后一段中的“The rapidly expanding
U.S. economy has made college graduates more important than ever to industry”可以得出）

4 Mutual distrust

（根据最后一段中的“the mutual distrust has generally disappeared in the mutual need”可以得出）

5 Businessmen should provide much of the cash needed by colleges to
expand their facilities and improve their teaching, and work more closely with
colleges on business’s needs.

（根据文章第二段得出）

V. Replacement (10%)

Directions: Replace
the underlined words in the following sentences with the phrases supplied. Each
phrase can be used only once. Please take care to use the right form and keep
the original meaning.

1 As the usual rate he makes a
profit of 500 yuan each day.

2 I’ve always admired her acting and would
love to meet her in person.

3 The sudden start and quick spread of the
fire killed all the people in the building.

4 You can never expect your child not to be affected by the influence
around him. The key point is to educate your child.

5 If the Internet is a very useful tool,
we should take advantage of it in our study.

6 Water can damage rock bit by bit
after a long time, even though the rock is harder.

7 Nancy shut the windows for fear that the noise would take her children’s
attention away from their homework.

8 Opposite to his position, I claim that university students
should engage themselves in extracurricular activities.

9 Several of his ideas about changes in
the government are proven not to be true.

10 He has put his name on an agreement
to be a player for the college football team.

【答案】

1 on average

2 face to face

3 wipe out

4 to be immune to

5 make the most of

6 eat away at rock

7 distract her children from

8 contrary to

9 don’t hold water

10 sign up

VI. Translation (15%)

English to Chinese

He is a national
hero today. As the first Chinese man in space, he becomes an overnight
celebrity. And if tens of millions of people already see him as symbol of
China’s latest achievement, that number can only grow in the future.

【答案】他今天是一个民族英雄。作为第一个进入太空的中国人，他一夜成名。如果数千万人已经视他为中国最新成就的象征，这个数字在未来只会更大。

Chinese to English

1 现在的父母更加关注孩子们在生活中能否成功。

【答案】Parents currently pay more attention to whether or not their
children can succeed in life.

2 我喜欢工作，工作中有发现自己的机会。

【答案】I like to work, which provides me with the opportunity to know more
about myself.

3 现代妇女受到的教育比以前任何时候都要好。

【答案】Modern women are better educated than ever before.

4 只要一个人还有所追求他就没有老。

【答案】A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.

VII. Writing (15%)

Directions: Write a
composition of at least 100 words on the topic How to Get a Sound Job.

【参考范文】

There is no
doubt that a sound job is of great importance to most of us, which provides us
with basic living necessities as well as sense of achievement. As a result, it
is helpful and necessary to know how to get a sound job. Here are some tips
that you might find useful.

First of all, it
will help a lot to study hard and acquire as much as knowledge. Although what
you have learnt in the school may not be able to be applied to your future
work, your logical thinking and reasoning ability accumulated during studying
are indispensible in the workplace. What’s more, making an impressive resume
can make it easier to find a satisfactory job. It has been said that HR usually
won’t spend more than 10 seconds on one resume, so an attractive resume may
earn you a precious opportunity to have an interview. Last but not least, it’s
advisable to know more about your ideal work such as its workload, working
environment, future prospects and so on, because many people may have an
unpractical expectation about the job they are going to devote to. In the end,
they may become discouraged when the harsh reality disappoints them.

To conclude, to
get a sound job is never an easy task. You may need to change your job for
several times before you hunt an ideal one. Anyway, don’t be frustrated and
keep an positive attitude.

【解析】

本题要求就如何找到一份好工作为话题写一篇不少于100字的英语作文，可以采用三段式来写，第一段引出话题，即工作为人们提供生活所需及成就感，所以找到一份好工作很重要；第二段就给出三点建议帮助找到好工作，首先，在学校时要好好学习，为以后找工作积累知识，其次要准备一份使人印象深刻的简历，这能够帮助你获得面试的机会，最后还要多了解一下自己想从事的工作到底是什么样的，以免实际工作与想象中不一致会使人产生沮丧感；最后一段做一个简单总结，即找一份好工作是不容易的，要保持积极的生活态度，不要气馁。

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