四川师范大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及辅导用书

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1. 四川师范大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题

2. 2026年翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题

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1. 2026年翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》专用教材

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四川师范大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解

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2013年四川师范大学《357英语翻译基础》考研真题及详解

Ⅰ. Term Translation. (30
points)

A. Translate the
following English into Chinese (15 points)

1 NECD

【答案】标称包周差

2 state-owned enterprise

【答案】国有企业

3 meta language

【答案】元语言

4 entrepreneurial spirit

【答案】创业精神

5 chief executive

【答案】（公司或机构的）总经理，总裁

6 the Vulgate

【答案】拉丁文圣经

7 sales confirmation

【答案】销售确认书

8 monarchy constitution

【答案】君主立宪制

9 institutional structure

【答案】体制结构

10 the Grand Canyon of Colorado

【答案】科罗拉多大峡谷

11 translationese

【答案】翻译腔

12 WASP

【答案】信奉新教的盎格鲁-撒克逊裔美国人(White Anglo-Saxon
Protestant)

13 Peru

【答案】秘鲁

14 state autonomy

【答案】国家自主性

15 copy right

【答案】版权

B. Translate the
following Chinese into English (15 points)

1 项目经理

【答案】project manager

2 多元体系

【答案】multi-dimensional system

3 佣金率

【答案】commission rate

4 总统共和制

【答案】presidential republic

5 落基山脉

【答案】Rocky Mountains

6 地缘政治

【答案】geopolitics

7 知识产权

【答案】intellectual property

8 可持续性与可译性

【答案】sustainability and translatability

9 奥组委

【答案】Olympic Committee

10 罗马帝国

【答案】Roman Empire

11 马赛克文化

【答案】mosaic culture

12 公证件

【答案】notarized copy

13 招聘广告

【答案】recruitment advertisement

14 英联邦

【答案】Commonwealth of Nations

15 五月花公约

【答案】The Mayflower Compact

Ⅱ. Passage
Translation (120 points)

A. Translate the following English into Chinese (60 points)

How
Should One Read a Book?

It is simple enough to say that since books have
classes—fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each
what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what
books can give us. We usually ask of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry
that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history
that it shall enforce our prejudices. If we could banish all such
preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not
dictate to your author: try to become him. Be his fellow-worker and accomplice.
If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are
preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read.
But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost
imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences,
will bring you into a presence of human being unlike any other. Steep yourself
in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author
is giving you, or attempting to give, something far more definite. At the corner
of the street, perhaps, you passed two people talking. A tree shook; an
electric light danced; the tone of the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole
vision, an entire conception seemed contained in that moment.

But when you attempt to reconstruct it in word, you will
find that it breaks into thousands of conflicting impressions. Some must be
subdued; others emphasized; in the process you will lose, probably, all grasp
upon the emotion itself. Then turn from
your blurred and littered pages to the opening pages of some great
novelist—Defoe, Jane Austen, Hardy. Now you will be better able appreciate
their mastery.

【参考译文】

如何读书？

书既然有小说、传记、诗歌之分，就应区别对待，从各类书中取其应该给予我们的东西。这话说来很简单。然而很少有人向书索取它能给我们的东西，我们拿起书来往往怀着模糊而又杂乱的想法，要求小说是真的，诗歌是虚假的，传记要吹捧，史书能加强我们自己的偏见。读书时如能抛开这些先入为主之见，便是极好的开端。不要对作者指手画脚，而要尽力与作者融为一体，共同创作，共同策划。如果你不参与，不投入，而且一开始就百般挑剔，那你就无缘从书中获得最大的益处。你若敞开心扉，虚怀若谷，那么，书中精细入微的寓意和暗示便会把你从一开头就碰上的那些像是山回路转般的句子中带出来，走到一个独特的人物面前。钻进去熟悉它，你很快就会发现，作者展示给你的或想要展示给你的是一些比原先要明确得多的东西。也许你在街道的拐弯处遇到两个人正在谈话，树影婆娑，灯光摇曳，谈话的调子喜中有悲。这一瞬间似乎包含了一种完善的意境，全面的构思。

可是当你打算用文字来重现此情此景的时候，它却化作千头万绪互相冲突的印象。有的必须淡化，有的则应突出。在处理过程中你可能对整个意境根本把握不住了。这时，还是把你那些写得含糊杂乱的一页页书稿搁到一边，翻开某位小说大师，如笛福、简·奥斯汀或哈代的作品来从头读吧。这时候你就能更深刻地领略大师们驾驭文字的技巧了。

B. Translate the
following Chinese into English (60 points)

接读朋友的来信，尤其是远自海外犹带着异国风云的航空信，确是人生一大快事，如果无须回信的话。回信，是读信之乐的一大代价。久不回信，屡不回信，接信之乐必然就相对减少，以致于无，这时，友情便暂告中断了，直到有一天在赎罪的心情下，你毅然回起信来。蹉跎了这么久，接信之乐早变成欠信之苦，我便是这么一位屡犯的罪人，交游千百，几乎每一位朋友都数得出我的前科来的。英国诗人奥登曾说，他常常搁下重要的信件不回，躲在家里看他的侦探小说。王尔德有一次对韩黎说：“我认得不少人，满怀光明的远景来到伦敦，但是几个月后就整个崩溃了，因为他们有回信的习惯。”显然王尔德认为，要过好日子，就得戒除回信的恶习。可见怕回信的人，原不止我一个。

【参考译文】

To get letters
from friends, especially airmail letters from overseas that bear the stamp of
exotic climes, is unquestionably one of life’s greatest pleasures, provided,
that is, that they do not call for a reply. Answering letters is a heavy price
to pay for the enjoyment of reading letters. The inevitable consequence of
tardiness or infrequency in answering letters is a corresponding reduction in,
and ultimate cessation of, the pleasure of receiving letters, in which case
friendship is prematurely broken off, until the day in sackcloth and ashes you
summon up the willpower to put pen to paper again. Through this dilly-dallying
the pleasure of receiving letters has turned to the misery of owing letters. I
am an old lag in this respect: practically every one of the friends I have made
in my comings and goings can recite from my crime sheet. W. H. Auden once admitted
that he was in the habit of shelving important letters, preferring instead to
curl up with a detective novel; while Oscar Wilde remarked to Henley: “I have
known men come to London full of bright prospects and seen them complete wrecks
in a few months through a habit of answering letters.” Clearly Wilde’s view was
that to enjoy life one should renounce the bad habit of answering letters. So I
am not the only one to be faint-hearted in the regard.

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