厦门大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及辅导用书

考研真题

1. 厦门大学《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题

2. 2026年翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题

考研指导书

1. 2026年翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》专用教材

2. 2026年翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》考研题库

厦门大学《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题AI讲解

书籍目录

部分内容

2010年厦门大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

一、词语翻译（英译汉15分）

1 Neet

【答案】啃老族

2 global warming

【答案】全球变暖

3 unfriend

【答案】（在Facebook等社交网站上）与某人解除好友关系

4 APEC Summit

【答案】亚太经合组织领导人峰会

5 the A (H1N1) virus

【答案】甲流

6 Arbor Day

【答案】植树节

7 the in-thing

【答案】流行事物

8 somebody’s cup of tea

【答案】某人心爱之人或物

9 infortainment

【答案】新闻娱乐化

10 average Joe

【答案】普通人

11 moon away

【答案】虚度

12 put two and two together

【答案】根据事实推理

13 give the floor to

【答案】请某人发言

14 disposable chopsticks

【答案】一次性筷子

15 scrap-newspaper

【答案】可回收的旧报纸

二、词语翻译（汉译英15分）

1 知识产权

【答案】intellectual property rights

2 中国最适合居住的十大城市

【答案】Top 10 cities for overall quality of life in China

3 盗版软件

【答案】pirated software

4 产能过剩

【答案】over-capacity of production

5 晚婚晚育

【答案】late marriage and late childbirth

6 战国时期

【答案】Warring States Period

7 打造国际知名品牌

【答案】build well-known international brand

8 海洋科学研究所

【答案】Institute of Marine Sciences

9 安全饮用水

【答案】safe drinking water

10 农民工

【答案】rural migrant workers in cities; peasant-worker

11 暗箱操作

【答案】black case work

12 老人节

【答案】double-ninth festival; the ninth day of the ninth moon

13 科幻小说

【答案】scientific fiction

14 万有引力定律

【答案】Law of Universal Gravitation

15 前苏联

【答案】former Soviet Union

三、英汉互译（文章英译汉60分)

Today, I will focus on one major impact of the current
financial crisis on Asia-Pacific, that is, the decline in domestic demand.
Particularly, I want to talk about the factors leading to declines in domestic
demand.

Equity markets in developing countries around the world
have suffered large decreases in value since mid-September 2008, reflecting a
global credit crunch and a worldwide flight to safety among investors.

These declines are expected to cause a number of effects
that will dampen domestic demand, especially personal consumption and corporate
investments. Although equity market investments only constitute a small
percentage of overall household wealth and equity financing consists of relatively
a small portion of corporate investment in Asia-Pacific as compared with
developed countries, the declines will affect the more advanced economies of
the region, such as the Republic of Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong of China.

Secondly, declines in property markets will further dampen
domestic demand. The reduction in housing prices will have an effect on real
estate investments, which have played a particularly important role in the
growth of domestic demand in a number of countries–most notably in China,
where the property sector accounts for about one quarter of all investment.

Private consumption will also be affected by the fall in
property prices, particularly in the more advanced economies in the region,
where property assets account for a more significant portion of household
wealth.

Thirdly, reduced bank lending is the most significant factor
curtailing corporate activity and domestic demand.

The concern here is that an increase in non-performing
loans will result in greater restraints on and a reduction in new lending,
leading to possible higher costs for new borrowers. Increased borrowing costs
may in turn add further pressures resulting in a greater number of corporate
defaults.

【参考译文】

今天，我主要谈一下内需下降的问题，这是此次亚太地区金融危机带来的主要影响。我主要想谈一下内需下滑的成因。

自2008年9月中旬以来，世界范围内的发展中国家证券市场的市值都大幅缩水，这反映出全球性的信贷紧张，投资人纷纷撤离资金，以求自保。

证券市场的低迷也会影响内需，个人消费和企业投资都会减少。虽然在发展中国家，个人和机构在证券市场的投资比重比在发达国家小，但该市场的不景气会影响到该地区内一些较发达的经济体，例如韩国、新加坡以及中国香港。

其次，房地产市场的低迷会进一步减少内需。房价下跌将影响房地产业的投资，而在该领域的投资对于一些发展中国家内部需求的增长具有重要的拉动意义。中国就是一个明显的例子，其房地产的投资占国内总投资的1/4。

由于房价的下跌，个人特别是在房屋上投资较多的个人将减少消费。

第三，银行信贷收紧会直接影响企业的投资以及内需。

需要注意的是不良贷款的增加会使银行收紧信贷，会使贷款的成本上升，进而增加公司的压力，甚至导致更多的不良贷款。

四、英汉互译（文章汉译英60分）

我今天的发言题目是：“基督教在西方民主政治发展中的作用”。我认为：西方民主政治是在自身文化的历史进程中形成和发展的，其中宗教，特别是基督教始终起着独特的复杂的作用。作为官方意识形态的基督教教义，整体上并不是革命的，但这并不排斥其关于平等和法制的一些教义曾经起到的积极作用。它在经过民主革命者改造和利用以后，有利于鼓舞人们推翻封建专制的暴政，捍卫人民的自由权利。而且，在现代推进民主事业的过程中，基督教的不同派别，包括天主教、东正教和新教所起的作用并不相同。西方国家在宗教和政治文化上的差别，对于其民主进程也有相当的关联作用。

【参考译文】

The topic of my speech
today is “The role of Christianity in the Development of western Democracy and Politics”.
I hold the view that western democracy and politics come into being and develop
within the context of its own culture. Religion, especially Christianity, has been
playing a unique and complicated role. Generally speaking, official doctrines in
Christianity don’t emphasize on revolution. However, its preach for equality and
rule by law played a positive role in history. Being reformed and utilized by democratic
revolutionists, it inspires people to fight against feudal tyranny and in turn safeguards
their freedom. In addition, different branches of Christianity, namely Catholicism,
Eastern Orthodox and Protestantism play different roles in the advancement of modern
democracy. Different cultures also lead to different types of democracies among
western countries.

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